Pythoner学习助手工具

作为新入门的pythoner,对于经常查阅文档是必须的,可是python的英文文档的确让英语比较差的同学非常之蛋疼。

稍微入了一下门之后,正想找一个练手的项目呢,偶然想到何不搞一个阅读python文档的工具呢,大概思路就是详细列出一个module的东西属性,并且自动翻译__doc__文档。

大概思路是首先判断是module还是它的属性,然后获取其相关信息,如果是__doc__,那么从网路上使用谷歌翻译它,获取翻译的中文文字,然后以一定的方式组合显示中英文。


---------------------------------------下面贴代码------------------------------------------------------------------

get_object_info.py

#!/usr/bin/python
#coding=utf-8

#Python -V:Python 2.6
#filename:get_object_info.py

__author__ = 'Tattoo'
__date__   = '2013.07.09'

import en_2_zh
import os

SPLITE_LENGTH = 60
SPLITE_CHAR = '*'
def _my_print(title, text, is_none_prompt=False):
    if is_none_prompt is False and (text is None or text.strip() is ''):
        return

    width = len(title)
    half_width = (SPLITE_LENGTH - width) / 2
    #print SPLITE_CHAR*half_width + text + SPLITE_CHAR * half_width 
    print os.linesep + SPLITE_CHAR * half_width + title + SPLITE_CHAR * half_width
    print text
    #print SPLITE_CHAR * SPLITE_LENGTH + "\n\n"


def _get_doc(cls):
    try:
        return cls.__doc__
    except:
        return ''

def _get_name(cls):
    try:
        return cls.__name__
    except:
        return ''

def _get_dict(cls):
    try:
        return str(cls.__dict_)
    except:
        return ''

def _get_module(cls):
    try:
        return cls.__module__
    except:
        return ''

def _get_base(cls):
    try:
        return cls.__base__
    except:
        return ''

def _do_import_module(cls_str):
    try:
        return __import__(cls_str)
    except ImportError:
        return None

def _do_import_attr(cls_str, attr_str):
    try:
        module = __import__(cls_str, globals(), locals(), [attr_str], -1) 
        #object = _temp.object
        return module
        #return __import__(attr_str, cls_str)#, fromlist=[attr_str])
    except:
        return None

        
def _get_file(cls):
    try:
        return cls.__file__
    except:
        return ''

def _print_cls_info(cls):
    #text = dir(my_cls)
    #print text
    print('这是一个模块')
    _my_print("模块名称列表dir(" + str(cls) + "):", ', '.join(dir(cls)))
    doc = _get_doc(cls)
    #_my_print("文档__doc__:" + doc)
    _my_print("文档__doc__翻译:", en_2_zh.get_translate_mix_text(doc))
    _my_print("名称__name__:", _get_name(cls))
    _my_print("字典属性:__dict__:", _get_dict(cls))
    _my_print("模块__module__:", _get_module(cls))
    _my_print("__base__:", _get_base(cls))
    _my_print("__file__:", _get_file(cls))

def _print_attr_info(attr):
    print attr
    print dir(attr)
    print('这是一个属性')
    _my_print("模块名称列表dir(" + str(attr) + "):", ', '.join(dir(attr)))
    doc = _get_doc(attr)
    #_my_print("文档__doc__:" + doc)
    _my_print("文档__doc__翻译:", en_2_zh.get_translate_mix_text(doc))
    _my_print("名称__name__:", _get_name(attr))
    _my_print("字典属性:__dict__:", _get_dict(attr))
    _my_print("模块__module__:", _get_module(attr))
    _my_print("__base__:", _get_base(attr))
    _my_print("__file__:", _get_file(attr))


def get_class_info(cls):
    _my_print('cls = ' + cls, cls)
    #print dir(cls)
    #my_cls = __import__(cls) 
    my_cls = _do_import_module(cls)
    if my_cls is not None:
        _print_cls_info(my_cls)
    else:
        index = cls.rindex('.')
        cls2 = cls[:index]
        attr = cls[(index+1):]
        my_cls2 = _do_import_attr(cls2, attr)
        print()
        if my_cls2 is not None and attr is not None:
            print str(my_cls2)
            _print_attr_info(my_cls2.__dict__[attr])
        else:
            print '无法导入此模块'


def test_doc():
    text = '''
    __stdin__ -- the original stdin; don't touch!
    __stdout__ -- the original stdout; don't touch!
    __stderr__ -- the original stderr; don't touch!
    __displayhook__ -- the original displayhook; don't touch!
    __excepthook__ -- the original excepthook; don't touch!
    
    Functions:
    
    displayhook() -- print an object to the screen, and save it in __builtin__._
    excepthook() -- print an exception and its traceback to sys.stderr
    exc_info() -- return thread-safe information about the current exception
    exc_clear() -- clear the exception state for the current thread
    '''
    import sys
    print en_2_zh.test(_get_doc(sys))



import sys, os

if __name__ == "__main__":

    cls = sys.argv[1]
    get_class_info(cls)
    
    #test_doc()


en_2_zh.py

#!/usr/bin/python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
#Python -V: Python 2.6.6
#filename:GoogleTranslation1.2.py

__author__ = "Yinlong Zhao (zhaoyl[at]sjtu[dot]edu[dot]cn)"  
__date__ = "$Date: 2013/04/21 $" 

import re
import urllib,urllib2

import random

import os

import tag

#urllib:
#urllib2: The urllib2 module defines functions and classes which help in opening
#URLs (mostly HTTP) in a complex world — basic and digest authentication,
#redirections, cookies and more.



def translate(text):
    '''
    模拟浏览器的行为,向Google Translate的主页发送数据,然后抓取翻译结果 
    此行为直接返回结果
    '''
    return _get_translate_text(_get_html(text))


def _get_html(text):
    '''
    获取翻译后的网页
    '''
    #text 输入要翻译的英文句子
    text_1=text
    #'langpair':'en'|'zh-CN'从英语到简体中文
    values={'hl':'zh-CN','ie':'UTF-8','text':text_1,'langpair':"'en'|'zh-CN'"}
    url='http://translate.google.cn/translate_t'
    data = urllib.urlencode(values)
    req = urllib2.Request(url,data)
    #模拟一个浏览器
    browser='Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 6.0; Windows NT 5.1; SV1; .NET CLR 2.0.50727)'
    req.add_header('User-Agent',browser)
    #向谷歌翻译发送请求
    response = urllib2.urlopen(req)
    #读取返回页面
    html=response.read()
    return html

def _get_translate_text(html):
    '''
    根据网页内容,提取翻译文本
    '''
    #从返回页面中过滤出翻译后的文本
    #使用正则表达式匹配
    #翻译后的文本是'TRANSLATED_TEXT='等号后面的内容
    #.*? non-greedy or minimal fashion
    #(?<=...)Matches if the current position in the string is preceded
    #by a match for ... that ends at the current position
    p=re.compile(r"(?<=TRANSLATED_TEXT=)(.*?);INPUT_TOOL_PATH")
    m=p.search(html)
    #text_2=m.group(0).strip(';')
    #return text_2
    return m.group(1)

def _get_source_and_translate_mix_text(source_text, translate_text):
    '''
    根据原文本和翻译后的文本进行混合,保持翻译文本在每行的文本下面
    '''
    if source_text is None:
        return None
    result= []
    source_lines = source_text.splitlines()
    translate_lines = translate_text.splitlines()
#    print os.linesep + str(len(source_lines)) + 'source_lines:' + ''.join(source_lines)
#    print os.linesep + str(len(translate_lines)) + 'translate_lines:' + ''.join(translate_lines)
    for source, translate in zip(source_lines, translate_lines):
        result.append(os.linesep + source + ' '*(80-len(source)) + '译:' + translate)
    return ''.join(result)



if __name__ == "__main__":
    test()

def test_and_save(orignal_text):
    '''
    测试并且本地文件保存记录 
    '''
    add_tag_text = tag.add_tag(orignal_text)
    print '添加tag的文本:' , add_tag_text

    #保存结果
    filename='test_result.txt'
    fp=open(filename,'w')

    fp.write('原先的文本:' + orignal_text)
    fp.write('\n' + '$'*50 + '\n')
    
    html = _get_html(add_tag_text)

    text_remove_tag = tag.remove_tag(_get_translate_text(html))
    fp.write('提取出来的翻译结果为:')
    fp.write(text_remove_tag)

    text_mix = _get_source_and_translate_mix_text(tag.remove_tag(add_tag_text), text_remove_tag)
    fp.write('整理后的结果:' + text_mix)

    fp.close()
    return text_mix

def get_translate_mix_text(orignal_text):
    '''
    获取翻译后并且混合的文本 
    '''
    add_tag_text = tag.add_tag(orignal_text)
    html = _get_html(add_tag_text)
    text_remove_tag = tag.remove_tag(_get_translate_text(html))
    text_mix = _get_source_and_translate_mix_text(tag.remove_tag(add_tag_text), text_remove_tag)
    return text_mix


tag.py

#!/usr/bin/python
#coding=utf-8

import sys

import random
import os
import re

def _random_str(randomlength=8):
    '''
    获取指定长度的随机字符串
    '''
    s = ''
    chars = 'AaBbCcDdEeFfGgHhIiJjKkLlMmNnOoPpQqRrSsTtUuVvWwXxYyZz0123456789'
    length = len(chars) - 1
    #rand = random()
    for i in range(randomlength):
        s+=chars[random.randint(0, length)]
    return s


#使用其他字母等有可能会影响翻译的词意  其他字符会被翻译成相应的中文字符 
SPLITE_TAG_TEXT = '________'#' splite_tag_%s ' % _random_str()


def add_tag(text):
    '''
    给文本添加TAG
    '''
    if text is None:
        return None

    pat = re.escape(os.linesep)
    ss = re.sub(pat, SPLITE_TAG_TEXT, text)
    return ss

def remove_tag(text, replacement=os.linesep):
    '''
    给文本去掉TAG
    '''
    if text is None:
        return None

    pat = re.escape(SPLITE_TAG_TEXT)
    result = re.sub(pat, replacement, text)
    return result


def test():
    s = sys.__doc__
    print s
    print '*' * 50

    ss = add_tag(s)
    print ss

    sss = remove_tag(ss)
    print sss

if __name__ == '__main__':
    test()

可以修改~/.bashrc文件添加变量属性,比如export PY_HELP=$HOME/python_study/get_object_info.py

然后命令行直接执行$PY_HELP  sys

打印如下:

/python_study$ $PY_HELP  sys

*************************cls = sys*************************
sys
这是一个模块

*****模块名称列表dir(<module 'sys' (built-in)>):*****
__displayhook__, __doc__, __excepthook__, __name__, __package__, __stderr__, __stdin__, __stdout__, _clear_type_cache, _current_frames, _getframe, api_version, argv, builtin_module_names, byteorder, call_tracing, callstats, copyright, displayhook, dont_write_bytecode, exc_clear, exc_info, exc_type, excepthook, exec_prefix, executable, exit, flags, float_info, getcheckinterval, getdefaultencoding, getdlopenflags, getfilesystemencoding, getprofile, getrecursionlimit, getrefcount, getsizeof, gettrace, hexversion, maxint, maxsize, maxunicode, meta_path, modules, path, path_hooks, path_importer_cache, platform, prefix, py3kwarning, pydebug, setcheckinterval, setdlopenflags, setprofile, setrecursionlimit, settrace, stderr, stdin, stdout, subversion, version, version_info, warnoptions

********************文档__doc__翻译:********************

This module provides access to some objects used or maintained by the           译:'该模块提供访问一些使用或维持the
interpreter and to functions that interact strongly with the interpreter.       译:interpreter的对象和交互的功能与的interpreter.
                                                                                译:
Dynamic objects:                                                                译:Dynamic对象:
                                                                                译:
argv -- command line arguments; argv[0] is the script pathname if known         译:argv  - 命令行参数; argv的强烈[0]为脚本的路径名,如果known
path -- module search path; path[0] is the script directory, else ''            译:path  - 模块搜索路径,路径[ 0]为脚本目录,否则\x26#39;\x26#39; 
modules -- dictionary of loaded modules                                         译:modules  - 字典装modules
                                                                                译:
displayhook -- called to show results in an interactive session                 译:displayhook  - 称为互动session
excepthook -- called to handle any uncaught exception other than SystemExit     译:excepthook显示结果 - 调用来处理任何未捕获的异常比SystemExit
  To customize printing in an interactive session or to install a custom        译:定制印刷在交互式会话或安装custom
  top-level exception handler, assign other functions to replace these.         译:顶层的异常处理程序,分配等功能以取代these.
                                                                                译:
exitfunc -- if sys.exitfunc exists, this routine is called when Python exits    译:exitfunc  - 如果sys.exitfunc存在,这个例程被调用,当Python exits
  Assigning to sys.exitfunc is deprecated; use the atexit module instead.       译:分配sys.exitfunc的是不赞成使用的是atexit模块 - 标准instead.
                                                                                译:
stdin -- standard input file object; used by raw_input() and input()            译:stdin的输入文件对象使用raw_input函数()和输入()
stdout -- standard output file object; used by the print statement              译:stdout  - 标准输出文件对象所使用的打印statement
stderr -- standard error object; used for error messages                        译:stderr  - 标准错误对象;用于错误messages
  By assigning other file objects (or objects that behave like files)           译:通过这些指定其他文件对象(或对象像文件)
  to these, it is possible to redirect all of the interpreter's I/O.            译:它可以重定向所有翻译的I / O.
                                                                                译:
last_type -- type of last uncaught exception                                    译:last_type的 - 类型去年未捕获exception
last_value -- value of last uncaught exception                                  译:last_value的 - 值最后未捕获exception
last_traceback -- traceback of last uncaught exception                          译:last_traceback的 - 回溯去年未捕获exception
  These three are only available in an interactive session after a              译:这三只可在一个交互式会话回溯a
  traceback has been printed.                                                   译:后已印。
                                                                                译:
exc_type -- type of exception currently being handled                           译:exc_type  - 异常类型的目前正在handled
exc_value -- value of exception currently being handled                         译:exc_value的 - 价值的例外目前正在handled
exc_traceback -- traceback of exception currently being handled                 译:exc_traceback的 - 回溯目前正在handled
  The function exc_info() should be used instead of these three,                译:的功能exc_info()应该用来代替这三个例外,
  because it is thread-safe.                                                    译:,因为它是线程safe.
                                                                                译:
Static objects:                                                                 译:Static的对象: 
                                                                                译:
maxint -- the largest supported integer (the smallest is -maxint-1)             译:maxint  - 支持的最大整数(最小的是MAXINT:1)
maxsize -- the largest supported length of containers.                          译:maxsize  - 支持的最大长度的containers.
maxunicode -- the largest supported character                                   译:maxunicode  - 最大支持character
builtin_module_names -- tuple of module names built into this interpreter       译:builtin_module_names的 - 模块名称元组本interpreter
version -- the version of this interpreter as a string                          译:version建成 - 这个解释器的版本作为一个string
version_info -- version information as a tuple                                  译:version_info  - 版本信息为tuple
hexversion -- version information encoded as a single integer                   译:hexversion  - 版本信息作为一个单一integer
copyright -- copyright notice pertaining to this interpreter                    译:copyright编码 - 版权声明有关interpreter
platform -- platform identifier                                                 译:platform  - 平台identifier
executable -- pathname of this Python interpreter                               译:executable  - 这Python interpreter
prefix -- prefix used to find the Python library                                译:prefix的路径名 - 所使用的前缀找到了Python library
exec_prefix -- prefix used to find the machine-specific Python library          译:exec_prefix的 - 前缀用来寻找机器特定的Python library
__stdin__ -- the original stdin; don't touch!                                   译:__stdin__的 - 原STDIN,不要碰!
__stdout__ -- the original stdout; don't touch!                                 译:__stdout__  - 原来的标准输出,不要碰!
__stderr__ -- the original stderr; don't touch!                                 译:__stderr__  - 原来stderr的,不要碰!
__displayhook__ -- the original displayhook; don't touch!                       译:__displayhook__  - 原来displayhook ,不要碰!
__excepthook__ -- the original excepthook; don't touch!                         译:__excepthook__  - 原来excepthook;不要碰!的
                                                                                译:
Functions:                                                                      译:Functions:
                                                                                译:
displayhook() -- print an object to the screen, and save it in __builtin__.     译:displayhook() - 打印到屏幕上,一个对象,并将其保存在的__ builtin__.
_excepthook() -- print an exception and its traceback to sys.stderr             译:_excepthook() - 打印一个例外,其回溯到() -  sys.stderr
exc_info() -- return thread-safe information about the current exception        译:exc_info返回线程安全信息的的当前exception
exc_clear() -- clear the exception state for the current thread                 译:exc_clear() - 清除异常状态的的当前thread
exit() -- exit the interpreter by raising SystemExit                            译:exit() - 退出解释通过提高SystemExit
getdlopenflags() -- returns flags to be used for dlopen() calls                 译:getdlopenflags() - 返回标志用于对dlopen( )calls
getprofile() -- get the global profiling function                               译:getprofile() - 全球的分析function
getrefcount() -- return the reference count for an object (plus one :-)         译:getrefcount() - 返回的引用计数的对象(加:-) 
getrecursionlimit() -- return the max recursion depth for the interpreter       译:getrecursionlimit() - 返回的最大递归深度的interpreter
getsizeof() -- return the size of an object in bytes                            译:getsizeof() - 返回的大小对象在bytes
gettrace() -- get the global debug tracing function                             译:gettrace() - 得到全局调试跟踪function
setcheckinterval() -- control how often the interpreter checks for events       译:setcheckinterval的() - 控制频率解释器检查events
setdlopenflags() -- set the flags to be used for dlopen() calls                 译:setdlopenflags() - 设置对dlopen(可以使用)的标志calls
setprofile() -- set the global profiling function                               译:setprofile() - 在全球分析function
setrecursionlimit() -- set the max recursion depth for the interpreter          译:setrecursionlimit的设置( ) - 设置最大递归深度的interpreter
settrace() -- set the global debug tracing function                             译:settrace()的 - 设置全局调试跟踪function

**********************名称__name__:**********************
sys

差不多能够看了,虽然有时候句子翻译的不怎么通顺,但是起码遇到不认识的单词可以大概猜出什么意思了


大概对写python代码有了初步印象了,

1.代码量相比较java来说,少了太多了

2.程序小点儿还好,如果太大了调试可能会比较麻烦,因为没有类型检查,稍微改一点儿东西,都要好好进行测试。对于测试,貌似适合驱动测试开发,不过真正有多少人这样开发呢?这样也有好处,好的代码和坏的代码区别明显,好的代码会严格按照规则来写,即使大项目也能保持代码简洁,坏的代码只会越写越差。

3.包相关的东西有点儿混乱,没有层级结构,眉毛胡子一把抓,感觉乱乱的

4.变量没有类型,函数也没有返回类型,纠结.....

5.python项目重构可能会比较麻烦,没有检查,没有能够减轻人力的好的编辑器(怀念eclipse),全部手打。。。

有得必有失,有失必有得




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