116. 填充每个节点的下一个右侧节点指针

给定一个完美二叉树，其所有叶子节点都在同一层，每个父节点都有两个子节点。二叉树定义如下：

struct Node {
  int val;
  Node *left;
  Node *right;
  Node *next;
}

填充它的每个 next 指针，让这个指针指向其下一个右侧节点。如果找不到下一个右侧节点，则将 next 指针设置为 NULL。

初始状态下，所有 next 指针都被设置为 NULL。

示例：

输入：{"$id":"1","left":{"$id":"2","left":{"$id":"3","left":null,"next":null,"right":null,"val":4},"next":null,"right":{"$id":"4","left":null,"next":null,"right":null,"val":5},"val":2},"next":null,"right":{"$id":"5","left":{"$id":"6","left":null,"next":null,"right":null,"val":6},"next":null,"right":{"$id":"7","left":null,"next":null,"right":null,"val":7},"val":3},"val":1}

输出：{"$id":"1","left":{"$id":"2","left":{"$id":"3","left":null,"next":{"$id":"4","left":null,"next":{"$id":"5","left":null,"next":{"$id":"6","left":null,"next":null,"right":null,"val":7},"right":null,"val":6},"right":null,"val":5},"right":null,"val":4},"next":{"$id":"7","left":{"$ref":"5"},"next":null,"right":{"$ref":"6"},"val":3},"right":{"$ref":"4"},"val":2},"next":null,"right":{"$ref":"7"},"val":1}

解释：给定二叉树如图 A 所示，你的函数应该填充它的每个 next 指针，以指向其下一个右侧节点，如图 B 所示。

思路：设置两个指针pre和cur，前者记录每行的开头指针，后者记录每行的当前指针。

 

思路：由于是完美二叉树，所以若节点的左子结点存在的话，其右子节点必定存在，所以左子结点的 next 指针可以直接指向其右子节点，对于其右子节点的处理方法是，判断其父节点的 next 是否为空，若不为空，则指向其 next 指针指向的节点的左子结点，若为空则指向 NULL。

class Solution {
public:
    Node* connect(Node* root) {
        if(!root) return nullptr;
        Node* pre=root, *cur=nullptr;
        while(pre->left){//控制第几层
            cur=pre;
            while(cur){//控制每一层
                cur->left->next=cur->right;
                if(cur->next){
                    cur->right->next=cur->next->left;
                }
                cur=cur->next;
            }
            pre=pre->left;
        }
        return root;
    }
};