自增自减
一个简单例子:
#! perl
my @people = qw{ fred barney fred wilma dino barney fred pebbles};
my %count; # 空的hash
## 快速而简单的方法检查列表中元素出现的次数
$count{$_}++ foreach @people; # 按需要创建新的键-值对
## 输出查看
print "$_ count $count{$_} times. \n" foreach @people;
前置自增++$m
(两个值同时变化)
#! perl
my $m = 5;
my $n = ++$m; # 先增加$m的值到6,再把该值放入$n
# my $n = --$m; # 先减少$m的值到5,再把该值放入$n
print "m = $m, n = $n\n"; # m = 6 , n = 6
后置自增$m++
( 保留原来的值$n = $m
之后改变$m++
)
#! perl
my $m = 5;
my $n = $m++ ; # 先把5放入$n,再增加$m的值到6
print "m = $m, n = $n\n"; # m = 6, n = 5
for控制结构
my $i;
for ($i = 1; $i <= 10; $i++){# 初始化;测试;递增(减)
print "I can count to $i. \n";
}
for($_ = 'bed';s/(.)//; ){# 当s///这个替换成功时,循环继续
print "One character is: $1 .\n";
}