例3-1……例3-11 初探OpenCV

例3-1  CvMat结构：矩阵头的描述

略

例3-2  矩阵的创建和释放

CvMat* cvCreateMat(int rows,int cols,int type); CvMat* cvCreateMatHeader(int rows,int cols,int type); CvMat* cvInitMatHeader(CvMat* mat,int rows,int cols,int type,void* data=NULL,int step=CV_AUTO_STEP); CvMat cvMat(int rows,int cols,int type,void* data=NULL); CvMat* cvCloneMat(const CvMat* mat); void cvReleaseMat(CvMat** mat);

例3-3  用固定数据创建OpenCV矩阵

float vals[]={0.866025,-0.500000,0.500000,0.866025}; CvMat rotmat; cvInitMatHeader(&rotmat,2,2,CV_32FC1,vals); int elementType=cvGetElemType(&rotmat); printf("元素类型：%d",elementType); int dimCount=cvGetDims(&rotmat); printf("矩阵的维数：%d",dimCount); //矩阵中的元素按行存储 float elememt_0_0=CV_MAT_ELEM(rotmat,float,0,0); printf("取得的元素为：%f",elememt_0_0); 

例3-4 用CV_MAT_ELEM()宏存取矩阵

CvMat* mat=cvCreateMat(5,5,CV_32FC1); float elemtnt_3_2=7.7; *((float*)CV_MAT_ELEM_PTR(*mat,3,2))=elemtnt_3_2; printf("%f",CV_MAT_ELEM(*mat,float,3,2));

例3-5  用CV_MAT_ELEM_PTR()宏为矩阵设置一个数值

CvMat* mat=cvCreateMat(5,5,CV_32FC1); float elememt_3_2=CV_MAT_ELEM(*mat,float,3,2); printf("取得的元素为：%f",elememt_3_2); //未赋值，数值是随机的，大大的数

例3-6  指针访问矩阵结构

uchar* cvPtr1D(const CvArr* arr,int idx0,int* type=NULL); uchar* cvPtr2D(const CvArr* arr,int idx0,int idx1,int* type=NULL); uchar* cvPtr3D(const CvArr* arr,int idx0,int idx1,int idx2,int* type=NULL); uchar* cvPtrND(const CvArr* arr,int* idx,int* type=NULL,int create_node=1,unsigned* precalc_hashval=NULL);

例3-7  CvMat和IplImage元素函数

double cvGetReal1D(const CvArr* arr,int idx0); double cvGetReal2D(const CvArr* arr,int idx0,int idx1); double cvGetReal3D(const CvArr* arr,int idx0,int idx1,int idx2); double cvGetRealND(const CvArr* arr,int* idx); CvScalar cvGet1D(const CvArr* arr,int idx0); CvScalar cvGet2D(const CvArr* arr,int idx0,int idx1); CvScalar cvGet3D(const CvArr* arr,int idx0,int idx1,int idx2); CvScalar cvGetND(const CvArr* arr,int* idx); 

例3-8  为CvMat和IplImage元素赋值的函数

void cvSetReal1D(const CvArr* arr,int idx0,double value); void cvSetReal2D(const CvArr* arr,int idx0,int idx1,double value); void cvSetReal3D(const CvArr* arr,int idx0,int idx1,int idx2,double value); void cvSetRealND(const CvArr* arr,int* idx,double value); void cvSet1D(const CvArr* arr,int idx0,CvScalar value); void cvSet2D(const CvArr* arr,int idx0,int idx1,CvScalar value); void cvSet3D(const CvArr* arr,int idx0,int idx1,int idx2,CvScalar value); void cvSetND(const CvArr* arr,int* idx,CvScalar value); //为例方便，也可以使用cvmSet()和cvmGet()存取单通道矩阵 double cvmGet(const CvMat* mat,int row,int col); void cvmSet(CvMat* mat,int row,int col,double value); cvmSet(mat,2,2,0.5000); 等同于 cvSetReal2D(mat,2,2,0.5000);

例3-9  累加一个三通道矩阵中的所有元素

//函数定义 float sum(const CvMat* mat) { float s=0.0f; for (int row=0;row<mat->rows;row++) { const float* ptr=(const float*)(mat->data.ptr+row*mat->step); for (int col=0;col<mat->cols;col++) { s+=*ptr++; } } return s; } //主函数调用 int _tmain(int argc, _TCHAR* argv[]) { CvMat* mat1= cvCreateMat(2,2,CV_32FC1);//声明一个矩阵 float vals[]={0.866025,-0.500000,0.500000,0.866025}; cvInitMatHeader(mat1,2,2,CV_32FC1,vals);//初始化赋值 float result=sum(mat1); printf("元素累加和为：%f",result); return 0; }

例3-10  IplImage的结构

typedef struct _IplImage { int nSize; int ID; int nChannels; int depth; char colorModel[4]; char channelSeq[4]; int dataOrder; int origin; int align; int width; int height; struct _IplROI* roi; struct _IplImage* maskROI; void* imageID; struct _IplTileInfo* tileInfo; int imageSize; char* imageData; int widthStept; int BorderMode[4]; int BorderConst[4]; char* imageDataOrigin; }IplImage;

例3-11  最大化HSV图像的S和V部分

void saturate_sv(IplImage* img) { for (int y=0;y<img->height;y++) { uchar* ptr=(uchar*)(img->imageData+y*img->widthStep); for (int x=0;x<img->width;x++) { ptr[3*x+1]=255; ptr[3*x+2]=255; } } } int main(int argc, char** argv) { IplImage* img=cvLoadImage(argv[1]); cvNamedWindow("haha",CV_WINDOW_AUTOSIZE); cvShowImage("显示图像，处理之前",img); saturate_sv(img); cvShowImage("显示图像，处理之后",img); cvWaitKey(0); cvReleaseImage(&img); cvDestroyWindow("haha"); return 0; }