运维高级第一次作业

数据库备份，数据库为school，素材如下

1.创建student和score表

CREATE  TABLE  student (

id  INT(10)  NOT NULL  UNIQUE  PRIMARY KEY  ,

name  VARCHAR(20)  NOT NULL ,

sex  VARCHAR(4)  ,

birth  YEAR,

department  VARCHAR(20) ,

address  VARCHAR(50) 

);

创建score表。SQL代码如下：

CREATE  TABLE  score (

id  INT(10)  NOT NULL  UNIQUE  PRIMARY KEY  AUTO_INCREMENT ,

stu_id  INT(10)  NOT NULL ,

c_name  VARCHAR(20) ,

grade  INT(10)

);

2.为student表和score表增加记录

向student表插入记录的INSERT语句如下：

INSERT INTO student VALUES( 901,'张老大', '男',1985,'计算机系', '北京市海淀区');
INSERT INTO student VALUES( 902,'张老二', '男',1986,'中文系', '北京市昌平区');
INSERT INTO student VALUES( 903,'张三', '女',1990,'中文系', '湖南省永州市');
INSERT INTO student VALUES( 904,'李四', '男',1990,'英语系', '辽宁省阜新市');
INSERT INTO student VALUES( 905,'王五', '女',1991,'英语系', '福建省厦门市');
INSERT INTO student VALUES( 906,'王六', '男',1988,'计算机系', '湖南省衡阳市');

向score表插入记录的INSERT语句如下：

INSERT INTO score VALUES(NULL,901, '计算机',98);

INSERT INTO score VALUES(NULL,901, '英语', 80);

INSERT INTO score VALUES(NULL,902, '计算机',65);

INSERT INTO score VALUES(NULL,902, '中文',88);

INSERT INTO score VALUES(NULL,903, '中文',95);

INSERT INTO score VALUES(NULL,904, '计算机',70);

INSERT INTO score VALUES(NULL,904, '英语',92);

INSERT INTO score VALUES(NULL,905, '英语',94);

INSERT INTO score VALUES(NULL,906, '计算机',90);

INSERT INTO score VALUES(NULL,906, '英语',85);

3.备份数据库school到/backup目录
[root@xixi backup]# mysqldump -u root -p'RedHat@123' school > /backup/school_backup.sql
4.备份MySQL数据库为带删除表的格式，能够让该备份覆盖已有数据库而不需要手动删除原有数据库
[root@xixi backup]# mysqldump -u root -p'RedHat@123' --add-drop-database --add-drop-table school > /backup/school_backup_with_drop.sql

5.直接将MySQL数据库压缩备份
[root@xixi backup]# mysqldump -u root -p'RedHat@123' school | gzip > /backup/school_backup.sql.gz

6.备份MySQL数据库某个(些)表。此例备份student表
[root@xixi backup]# mysqldump -u root -p'RedHat@123' --tables school student > /backup/student_backup.sql

7.同时备份多个MySQL数据库（其他数据库素材自行准备）
[root@xixi backup]# mysqldump -u root -p'RedHat@123' db school > /backup/multiple_databases_backup.sql

8.仅仅备份数据库结构 
[root@xixi backup]# mysqldump -u root -p'RedHat@123' --no-data db > /backup/school_structure_backup.sql

9.备份服务器上所有数据库
[root@xixi backup]# mysqldump -u root -p'RedHat@123' --all-databases > /backup/all_databases_backup.sql

10.还原MySQL数据库
[root@xixi backup]# mysql -u root -p'RedHat@123' school < /backup/school_backup.sql

11.还原压缩的MySQL数据库
[root@xixi backup]# gunzip < /backup/school_backup.sql.gz | mysql -u root -p'RedHat@123' school

12.使用xtrabackup 备份数据库
xtrabackup --backup --user=root --password=your_password --target-dir=/backup/xtrabackup_backup
13.在另外的数据库服务器上还原xtrabackup 备份
service mysql stop
xtrabackup --copy-back --target-dir=/backup/xtrabackup_backup
chown -R mysql:mysql /var/lib/mysql
service mysql start
14.使用mydumper备份数据库
mydumper -u root -p your_password -B school -o /backup/mydumper_backup
15.使用mydumper恢复数据库
service mysql stop
myloader -u root -p your_password -B school -d /backup/mydumper_backup
service mysql start