Binder核心原理与架构设计-Service启动
这篇文章主要分析一下Binder核心原理与架构设计-Service启动， 我们身边可能有很多做好几年Android 开发的 却对Binder 了解不深，着重于应用层面的开发和API的调用。而现实的开发或者面试如果对Binder了解不深的话可以说很难进入高级工程师的行列。 所以说如果真正对系统底层了解比较深入的话 进程间通信是必知必会的， 就让我们开始吧。
Service 在Android 属于四大组件之一， 也算是重量级的组件。 至于启动的解析过程也是相当的复杂， 我会尽可能的简化源码调用结构，尽最大努力解释清楚，如果还有说不清楚的地方，希望大家谅解， 汗。
本文分析的源码基于Android-28
由于本文涉及可能设计一些底层的源码， 篇幅可能有那么一丢丢长。 阅读预计需要18分钟。
本文主要分以下几个部分展开
- 1.ContextImpl与AMS
- 2.Service启动与Application的创建过程
- 3.bindService与rebind 过程分析
- 4.总结
- 5.参考资料
说起startService 的过程。 要从ContextImpl 说起 。
这里的代码精简过了，我只粘贴关键地方。
1. ContextImpl与AMS
ContextImpl.java
1532行
@Override
public ComponentName startService(Intent service) {
warnIfCallingFromSystemProcess();
return startServiceCommon(service, false, mUser);
}
private ComponentName startServiceCommon(Intent service, boolean requireForeground,
UserHandle user) {
try {
ComponentName cn = ActivityManager.getService().startService(
mMainThread.getApplicationThread(), service, service.resolveTypeIfNeeded(
getContentResolver()), requireForeground,
getOpPackageName(), user.getIdentifier());
return cn;
} catch (RemoteException e) {
throw e.rethrowFromSystemServer();
}
}
这里 ActivityManager.getService() 在 ActivityManager 中我们看到 这是个单例。
/**
* @hide
*/
public static IActivityManager getService() {
return IActivityManagerSingleton.get();
}
private static final Singleton<IActivityManager> IActivityManagerSingleton =
new Singleton<IActivityManager>() {
@Override
protected IActivityManager create() {
final IBinder b = ServiceManager.getService(Context.ACTIVITY_SERVICE);
final IActivityManager am = IActivityManager.Stub.asInterface(b);
return am;
}
};
这里的ServiceManager.getService(xxx) 就不再赘述，如有不清楚的可以看我的上一篇文章 Binder核心原理与架构设计-开篇
通过aidl 接口 IActivityManager.Stub.asInterface(b) 获取到IActivityManager 的引用。我们找到IActivityManager的存根Stub 的实现者是ActivityManagerService 。
我们看一下 IActivityManager 的类结构图，
在这里我们看到了， AMS 继承自 IActivityManager.Stub 该有的一切方法。
在ActivityManagerService中找到了startService
20342 行
@Override
public ComponentName startService(IApplicationThread caller, Intent service,
String resolvedType, boolean requireForeground, String callingPackage, int userId)
throws TransactionTooLargeException {
if (DEBUG_SERVICE) Slog.v(TAG_SERVICE,
"*** startService: " + service + " type=" + resolvedType + " fg=" + requireForeground);
synchronized(this) {
final int callingPid = Binder.getCallingPid();
final int callingUid = Binder.getCallingUid();
final long origId = Binder.clearCallingIdentity();
ComponentName res;
try {
res = mServices.startServiceLocked(caller, service,
resolvedType, callingPid, callingUid,
requireForeground, callingPackage, userId);
} finally {
Binder.restoreCallingIdentity(origId);
}
return res;
}
}
找到ActiveServices中startServiceLocked 方法 我们看一下。
高能预警，前方巨量代码;
ComponentName startServiceLocked(IApplicationThread caller, Intent service, String resolvedType,
int callingPid, int callingUid, boolean fgRequired, String callingPackage, final int userId)
throws TransactionTooLargeException {
if (DEBUG_DELAYED_STARTS) Slog.v(TAG_SERVICE, "startService: " + service
+ " type=" + resolvedType + " args=" + service.getExtras());
final boolean callerFg;
/// caller !=null 检测一下 调用者是否存在，例如Activity A刚启动 B ， A 就挂掉了。 这时候就抛异常了 。
if (caller != null) {
final ProcessRecord callerApp = mAm.getRecordForAppLocked(caller);
if (callerApp == null) {
throw new SecurityException(
"Unable to find app for caller " + caller
+ " (pid=" + callingPid
+ ") when starting service " + service);
}
callerFg = callerApp.setSchedGroup != ProcessList.SCHED_GROUP_BACKGROUND;
} else {
callerFg = true;
}
ServiceLookupResult res =
retrieveServiceLocked(service, resolvedType, callingPackage,
callingPid, callingUid, userId, true, callerFg, false, false);
if (res == null) {
return null;
}
if (res.record == null) {
return new ComponentName("!", res.permission != null
? res.permission : "private to package");
}
ServiceRecord r = res.record;
if (!mAm.mUserController.exists(r.userId)) {
Slog.w(TAG, "Trying to start service with non-existent user! " + r.userId);
return null;
}
// If we're starting indirectly (e.g. from PendingIntent), figure out whether
// we're launching into an app in a background state. This keys off of the same
// idleness state tracking as e.g. O+ background service start policy.
final boolean bgLaunch = !mAm.isUidActiveLocked(r.appInfo.uid);
// If the app has strict background restrictions, we treat any bg service
// start analogously to the legacy-app forced-restrictions case, regardless
// of its target SDK version.
boolean forcedStandby = false;
if (bgLaunch && appRestrictedAnyInBackground(r.appInfo.uid, r.packageName)) {
if (DEBUG_FOREGROUND_SERVICE) {
Slog.d(TAG, "Forcing bg-only service start only for " + r.shortName
+ " : bgLaunch=" + bgLaunch + " callerFg=" + callerFg);
}
forcedStandby = true;
}
// If this is a direct-to-foreground start, make sure it is allowed as per the app op.
boolean forceSilentAbort = false;
if (fgRequired) {
final int mode = mAm.mAppOpsService.checkOperation(
AppOpsManager.OP_START_FOREGROUND, r.appInfo.uid, r.packageName);
switch (mode) {
case AppOpsManager.MODE_ALLOWED:
case AppOpsManager.MODE_DEFAULT:
// All okay.
break;
case AppOpsManager.MODE_IGNORED:
// Not allowed, fall back to normal start service, failing siliently
// if background check restricts that.
Slog.w(TAG, "startForegroundService not allowed due to app op: service "
+ service + " to " + r.name.flattenToShortString()
+ " from pid=" + callingPid + " uid=" + callingUid
+ " pkg=" + callingPackage);
fgRequired = false;
forceSilentAbort = true;
break;
default:
return new ComponentName("!!", "foreground not allowed as per app op");
}
}
if (unscheduleServiceRestartLocked(r, callingUid, false)) {
if (DEBUG_SERVICE) Slog.v(TAG_SERVICE, "START SERVICE WHILE RESTART PENDING: " + r);
}
r.lastActivity = SystemClock.uptimeMillis();
r.startRequested = true;
r.delayedStop = false;
r.fgRequired = fgRequired;
r.pendingStarts.add(new ServiceRecord.StartItem(r, false, r.makeNextStartId(),
service, neededGrants, callingUid));
if (fgRequired) {
// We are now effectively running a foreground service.
mAm.mAppOpsService.startOperation(AppOpsManager.getToken(mAm.mAppOpsService),
AppOpsManager.OP_START_FOREGROUND, r.appInfo.uid, r.packageName, true);
}
final ServiceMap smap = getServiceMapLocked(r.userId);
boolean addToStarting = false;
if (!callerFg && !fgRequired && r.app == null
&& mAm.mUserController.hasStartedUserState(r.userId)) {
ProcessRecord proc = mAm.getProcessRecordLocked(r.processName, r.appInfo.uid, false);
if (proc == null || proc.curProcState > ActivityManager.PROCESS_STATE_RECEIVER) {
if (r.delayed) {
// This service is already scheduled for a delayed start; just leave
// it still waiting.
if (DEBUG_DELAYED_STARTS) Slog.v(TAG_SERVICE, "Continuing to delay: " + r);
return r.name;
}
if (smap.mStartingBackground.size() >= mMaxStartingBackground) {
// Something else is starting, delay!
Slog.i(TAG_SERVICE, "Delaying start of: " + r);
smap.mDelayedStartList.add(r);
r.delayed = true;
return r.name;
}
if (DEBUG_DELAYED_STARTS) Slog.v(TAG_SERVICE, "Not delaying: " + r);
addToStarting = true;
} else if (proc.curProcState >= ActivityManager.PROCESS_STATE_SERVICE) {
// We slightly loosen when we will enqueue this new service as a background
// starting service we are waiting for, to also include processes that are
// currently running other services or receivers.
addToStarting = true;
if (DEBUG_DELAYED_STARTS) Slog.v(TAG_SERVICE,
"Not delaying, but counting as bg: " + r);
} else if (DEBUG_DELAYED_STARTS) {
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(128);
sb.append("Not potential delay (state=").append(proc.curProcState)
.append(' ').append(proc.adjType);
String reason = proc.makeAdjReason();
if (reason != null) {
sb.append(' ');
sb.append(reason);
}
sb.append("): ");
sb.append(r.toString());
Slog.v(TAG_SERVICE, sb.toString());
}
} else if (DEBUG_DELAYED_STARTS) {
if (callerFg || fgRequired) {
Slog.v(TAG_SERVICE, "Not potential delay (callerFg=" + callerFg + " uid="
+ callingUid + " pid=" + callingPid + " fgRequired=" + fgRequired + "): " + r);
} else if (r.app != null) {
Slog.v(TAG_SERVICE, "Not potential delay (cur app=" + r.app + "): " + r);
} else {
Slog.v(TAG_SERVICE,
"Not potential delay (user " + r.userId + " not started): " + r);
}
}
ComponentName cmp = startServiceInnerLocked(smap, service, r, callerFg, addToStarting);
return cmp;
}
在上边的一系列检测和调用之后，最终调用了 startServiceInnerLocked。 我们跟进去瞅一眼。
ComponentName startServiceInnerLocked(ServiceMap smap, Intent service, ServiceRecord r,
boolean callerFg, boolean addToStarting) throws TransactionTooLargeException {
ServiceState stracker = r.getTracker();
if (stracker != null) {
stracker.setStarted(true, mAm.mProcessStats.getMemFactorLocked(), r.lastActivity);
}
这里设置ServiceState 保存Service状态。
r.callStart = false;
synchronized (r.stats.getBatteryStats()) {
r.stats.startRunningLocked();
}
String error = bringUpServiceLocked(r, service.getFlags(), callerFg, false, false);
if (error != null) {
return new ComponentName("!!", error);
}
if (r.startRequested && addToStarting) {
boolean first = smap.mStartingBackground.size() == 0;
smap.mStartingBackground.add(r);
r.startingBgTimeout = SystemClock.uptimeMillis() + mAm.mConstants.BG_START_TIMEOUT;
if (DEBUG_DELAYED_SERVICE) {
RuntimeException here = new RuntimeException("here");
here.fillInStackTrace();
Slog.v(TAG_SERVICE, "Starting background (first=" + first + "): " + r, here);
} else if (DEBUG_DELAYED_STARTS) {
Slog.v(TAG_SERVICE, "Starting background (first=" + first + "): " + r);
}
if (first) {
smap.rescheduleDelayedStartsLocked();
}
} else if (callerFg || r.fgRequired) {
smap.ensureNotStartingBackgroundLocked(r);
}
return r.name;
}
跟进 bringUpServiceLocked 看一下启动流程 。
private String bringUpServiceLocked(ServiceRecord r, int intentFlags, boolean execInFg,
boolean whileRestarting, boolean permissionsReviewRequired)
throws TransactionTooLargeException {
//Slog.i(TAG, "Bring up service:");
//r.dump(" ");
if (r.app != null && r.app.thread != null) {
sendServiceArgsLocked(r, execInFg, false);
return null;
}
if (!whileRestarting && mRestartingServices.contains(r)) {
// If waiting for a restart, then do nothing.
return null;
}
if (DEBUG_SERVICE) {
Slog.v(TAG_SERVICE, "Bringing up " + r + " " + r.intent + " fg=" + r.fgRequired);
}
// We are now bringing the service up, so no longer in the
// restarting state.
if (mRestartingServices.remove(r)) {
clearRestartingIfNeededLocked(r);
}
// Make sure this service is no longer considered delayed, we are starting it now.
if (r.delayed) {
if (DEBUG_DELAYED_STARTS) Slog.v(TAG_SERVICE, "REM FR DELAY LIST (bring up): " + r);
getServiceMapLocked(r.userId).mDelayedStartList.remove(r);
r.delayed = false;
}
// Make sure that the user who owns this service is started. If not,
// we don't want to allow it to run.
if (!mAm.mUserController.hasStartedUserState(r.userId)) {
String msg = "Unable to launch app "
+ r.appInfo.packageName + "/"
+ r.appInfo.uid + " for service "
+ r.intent.getIntent() + ": user " + r.userId + " is stopped";
Slog.w(TAG, msg);
bringDownServiceLocked(r);
return msg;
}
// Service is now being launched, its package can't be stopped.
try {
AppGlobals.getPackageManager().setPackageStoppedState(
r.packageName, false, r.userId);
} catch (RemoteException e) {
} catch (IllegalArgumentException e) {
Slog.w(TAG, "Failed trying to unstop package "
+ r.packageName + ": " + e);
}
final boolean isolated = (r.serviceInfo.flags&ServiceInfo.FLAG_ISOLATED_PROCESS) != 0;
final String procName = r.processName;
String hostingType = "service";
ProcessRecord app;
if (!isolated) {
/ 获取App的进程信息
app = mAm.getProcessRecordLocked(procName, r.appInfo.uid, false);
if (DEBUG_MU) Slog.v(TAG_MU, "bringUpServiceLocked: appInfo.uid=" + r.appInfo.uid
+ " app=" + app);
/// 如果进程信息App ！=null && app.thread 也！=null 就说明了 这个进程是存在的 。
if (app != null && app.thread != null) {
try {
app.addPackage(r.appInfo.packageName, r.appInfo.longVersionCode, mAm.mProcessStats);
/// 那么就会调用 realStartServiceLocked
realStartServiceLocked(r, app, execInFg);
return null;
} catch (TransactionTooLargeException e) {
throw e;
} catch (RemoteException e) {
Slog.w(TAG, "Exception when starting service " + r.shortName, e);
}
// If a dead object exception was thrown -- fall through to
// restart the application.
}
} else {
// If this service runs in an isolated process, then each time
// we call startProcessLocked() we will get a new isolated
// process, starting another process if we are currently waiting
// for a previous process to come up. To deal with this, we store
// in the service any current isolated process it is running in or
// waiting to have come up.
app = r.isolatedProc;
if (WebViewZygote.isMultiprocessEnabled()
&& r.serviceInfo.packageName.equals(WebViewZygote.getPackageName())) {
hostingType = "webview_service";
}
}
// Not running -- get it started, and enqueue this service record
// to be executed when the app comes up.
// 如果还没有启动 ，就会启动service 入队列作为记录
if (app == null && !permissionsReviewRequired) {
// 在这句话里就启动了要绑定的B进程。
if ((app=mAm.startProcessLocked(procName, r.appInfo, true, intentFlags,
hostingType, r.name, false, isolated, false)) == null) {
String msg = "Unable to launch app "
+ r.appInfo.packageName + "/"
+ r.appInfo.uid + " for service "
+ r.intent.getIntent() + ": process is bad";
Slog.w(TAG, msg);
bringDownServiceLocked(r);
return msg;
}
if (isolated) {
r.isolatedProc = app;
}
}
if (r.fgRequired) {
if (DEBUG_FOREGROUND_SERVICE) {
Slog.v(TAG, "Whitelisting " + UserHandle.formatUid(r.appInfo.uid)
+ " for fg-service launch");
}
mAm.tempWhitelistUidLocked(r.appInfo.uid,
SERVICE_START_FOREGROUND_TIMEOUT, "fg-service-launch");
}
if (!mPendingServices.contains(r)) {
mPendingServices.add(r);
}
if (r.delayedStop) {
// Oh and hey we've already been asked to stop!
r.delayedStop = false;
if (r.startRequested) {
if (DEBUG_DELAYED_STARTS) Slog.v(TAG_SERVICE,
"Applying delayed stop (in bring up): " + r);
stopServiceLocked(r);
}
}
return null;
}
在这一步，我们认真分析，发现有如下四种情况
-
- 进程A去调用进程B ， 这时候有可能进程B还没有创建出来
-
- 进程B已经创建出来了，但是里边的Service还没有跑起来
-
- 进程B已经创建出来了，里边的Service的也跑起来了，但是里边的Service还没有被绑定过 。
-
- 进程B创建出来了也被绑定过了，A进程之前是已经被绑定过的。 这时候不会回调onbind ， 而是回调onrebind
进程的启动不在主线分析流程，就不再粘贴过多代码， 精简的如下。
ActivityManagerService 4200 行
/**
* @return {@code true} if process start is successful, false otherwise.
*/
@GuardedBy("this")
private final boolean startProcessLocked(ProcessRecord app, String hostingType,
String hostingNameStr, boolean disableHiddenApiChecks, String abiOverride) {
if (app.pendingStart) {
return true;
}
long startTime = SystemClock.elapsedRealtime();
if (app.pid > 0 && app.pid != MY_PID) {
checkTime(startTime, "startProcess: removing from pids map");
synchronized (mPidsSelfLocked) {
mPidsSelfLocked.remove(app.pid);
mHandler.removeMessages(PROC_START_TIMEOUT_MSG, app);
}
checkTime(startTime, "startProcess: done removing from pids map");
app.setPid(0);
}
if (DEBUG_PROCESSES && mProcessesOnHold.contains(app)) Slog.v(TAG_PROCESSES,
"startProcessLocked removing on hold: " + app);
mProcessesOnHold.remove(app);
checkTime(startTime, "startProcess: starting to update cpu stats");
updateCpuStats();
checkTime(startTime, "startProcess: done updating cpu stats");
try {
try {
final int userId = UserHandle.getUserId(app.uid);
AppGlobals.getPackageManager().checkPackageStartable(app.info.packageName, userId);
} catch (RemoteException e) {
throw e.rethrowAsRuntimeException();
}
int uid = app.uid;
int[] gids = null;
int mountExternal = Zygote.MOUNT_EXTERNAL_NONE;
if (!app.isolated) {
int[] permGids = null;
try {
checkTime(startTime, "startProcess: getting gids from package manager");
final IPackageManager pm = AppGlobals.getPackageManager();
permGids = pm.getPackageGids(app.info.packageName,
MATCH_DEBUG_TRIAGED_MISSING, app.userId);
StorageManagerInternal storageManagerInternal = LocalServices.getService(
StorageManagerInternal.class);
mountExternal = storageManagerInternal.getExternalStorageMountMode(uid,
app.info.packageName);
} catch (RemoteException e) {
throw e.rethrowAsRuntimeException();
}
/*
* Add shared application and profile GIDs so applications can share some
* resources like shared libraries and access user-wide resources
*/
if (ArrayUtils.isEmpty(permGids)) {
gids = new int[3];
} else {
gids = new int[permGids.length + 3];
System.arraycopy(permGids, 0, gids, 3, permGids.length);
}
gids[0] = UserHandle.getSharedAppGid(UserHandle.getAppId(uid));
gids[1] = UserHandle.getCacheAppGid(UserHandle.getAppId(uid));
gids[2] = UserHandle.getUserGid(UserHandle.getUserId(uid));
// Replace any invalid GIDs
if (gids[0] == UserHandle.ERR_GID) gids[0] = gids[2];
if (gids[1] == UserHandle.ERR_GID) gids[1] = gids[2];
}
checkTime(startTime, "startProcess: building args");
if (mFactoryTest != FactoryTest.FACTORY_TEST_OFF) {
if (mFactoryTest == FactoryTest.FACTORY_TEST_LOW_LEVEL
&& mTopComponent != null
&& app.processName.equals(mTopComponent.getPackageName())) {
uid = 0;
}
if (mFactoryTest == FactoryTest.FACTORY_TEST_HIGH_LEVEL
&& (app.info.flags&ApplicationInfo.FLAG_FACTORY_TEST) != 0) {
uid = 0;
}
}
int runtimeFlags = 0;
if ((app.info.flags & ApplicationInfo.FLAG_DEBUGGABLE) != 0) {
runtimeFlags |= Zygote.DEBUG_ENABLE_JDWP;
runtimeFlags |= Zygote.DEBUG_JAVA_DEBUGGABLE;
// Also turn on CheckJNI for debuggable apps. It's quite
// awkward to turn on otherwise.
runtimeFlags |= Zygote.DEBUG_ENABLE_CHECKJNI;
}
// Run the app in safe mode if its manifest requests so or the
// system is booted in safe mode.
if ((app.info.flags & ApplicationInfo.FLAG_VM_SAFE_MODE) != 0 ||
mSafeMode == true) {
runtimeFlags |= Zygote.DEBUG_ENABLE_SAFEMODE;
}
if ("1".equals(SystemProperties.get("debug.checkjni"))) {
runtimeFlags |= Zygote.DEBUG_ENABLE_CHECKJNI;
}
String genDebugInfoProperty = SystemProperties.get("debug.generate-debug-info");
if ("1".equals(genDebugInfoProperty) || "true".equals(genDebugInfoProperty)) {
runtimeFlags |= Zygote.DEBUG_GENERATE_DEBUG_INFO;
}
String genMiniDebugInfoProperty = SystemProperties.get("dalvik.vm.minidebuginfo");
if ("1".equals(genMiniDebugInfoProperty) || "true".equals(genMiniDebugInfoProperty)) {
runtimeFlags |= Zygote.DEBUG_GENERATE_MINI_DEBUG_INFO;
}
if ("1".equals(SystemProperties.get("debug.jni.logging"))) {
runtimeFlags |= Zygote.DEBUG_ENABLE_JNI_LOGGING;
}
if ("1".equals(SystemProperties.get("debug.assert"))) {
runtimeFlags |= Zygote.DEBUG_ENABLE_ASSERT;
}
if (mNativeDebuggingApp != null && mNativeDebuggingApp.equals(app.processName)) {
// Enable all debug flags required by the native debugger.
runtimeFlags |= Zygote.DEBUG_ALWAYS_JIT; // Don't interpret anything
runtimeFlags |= Zygote.DEBUG_GENERATE_DEBUG_INFO; // Generate debug info
runtimeFlags |= Zygote.DEBUG_NATIVE_DEBUGGABLE; // Disbale optimizations
mNativeDebuggingApp = null;
}
if (app.info.isPrivilegedApp() &&
DexManager.isPackageSelectedToRunOob(app.pkgList.keySet())) {
runtimeFlags |= Zygote.ONLY_USE_SYSTEM_OAT_FILES;
}
if (!disableHiddenApiChecks && !mHiddenApiBlacklist.isDisabled()) {
app.info.maybeUpdateHiddenApiEnforcementPolicy(
mHiddenApiBlacklist.getPolicyForPrePApps(),
mHiddenApiBlacklist.getPolicyForPApps());
@HiddenApiEnforcementPolicy int policy =
app.info.getHiddenApiEnforcementPolicy();
int policyBits = (policy << Zygote.API_ENFORCEMENT_POLICY_SHIFT);
if ((policyBits & Zygote.API_ENFORCEMENT_POLICY_MASK) != policyBits) {
throw new IllegalStateException("Invalid API policy: " + policy);
}
runtimeFlags |= policyBits;
}
String invokeWith = null;
if ((app.info.flags & ApplicationInfo.FLAG_DEBUGGABLE) != 0) {
// Debuggable apps may include a wrapper script with their library directory.
String wrapperFileName = app.info.nativeLibraryDir + "/wrap.sh";
StrictMode.ThreadPolicy oldPolicy = StrictMode.allowThreadDiskReads();
try {
if (new File(wrapperFileName).exists()) {
invokeWith = "/system/bin/logwrapper " + wrapperFileName;
}
} finally {
StrictMode.setThreadPolicy(oldPolicy);
}
}
String requiredAbi = (abiOverride != null) ? abiOverride : app.info.primaryCpuAbi;
if (requiredAbi == null) {
requiredAbi = Build.SUPPORTED_ABIS[0];
}
String instructionSet = null;
if (app.info.primaryCpuAbi != null) {
instructionSet = VMRuntime.getInstructionSet(app.info.primaryCpuAbi);
}
app.gids = gids;
app.requiredAbi = requiredAbi;
app.instructionSet = instructionSet;
// the per-user SELinux context must be set
if (TextUtils.isEmpty(app.info.seInfoUser)) {
Slog.wtf(TAG, "SELinux tag not defined",
new IllegalStateException("SELinux tag not defined for "
+ app.info.packageName + " (uid " + app.uid + ")"));
}
final String seInfo = app.info.seInfo
+ (TextUtils.isEmpty(app.info.seInfoUser) ? "" : app.info.seInfoUser);
// Start the process. It will either succeed and return a result containing
// the PID of the new process, or else throw a RuntimeException.
在这里就确定了Android的主线程是android.app.ActivityThread 类的main方法所启动的。
final String entryPoint = "android.app.ActivityThread";
return startProcessLocked(hostingType, hostingNameStr, entryPoint, app, uid, gids,
runtimeFlags, mountExternal, seInfo, requiredAbi, instructionSet, invokeWith,
startTime);
}
startProcessLocked方法就不再跟进去了。 如果感兴趣可以跟进去查看进一步研究。
我们跟进realStartServiceLocked方法
private final void realStartServiceLocked(ServiceRecord r,
ProcessRecord app, boolean execInFg) throws RemoteException {
if (app.thread == null) {
throw new RemoteException();
}
if (DEBUG_MU)
Slog.v(TAG_MU, "realStartServiceLocked, ServiceRecord.uid = " + r.appInfo.uid
+ ", ProcessRecord.uid = " + app.uid);
r.app = app;
r.restartTime = r.lastActivity = SystemClock.uptimeMillis();
final boolean newService = app.services.add(r);
bumpServiceExecutingLocked(r, execInFg, "create");
mAm.updateLruProcessLocked(app, false, null);
updateServiceForegroundLocked(r.app, /* oomAdj= */ false);
mAm.updateOomAdjLocked();
boolean created = false;
try {
if (LOG_SERVICE_START_STOP) {
String nameTerm;
int lastPeriod = r.shortName.lastIndexOf('.');
nameTerm = lastPeriod >= 0 ? r.shortName.substring(lastPeriod) : r.shortName;
EventLogTags.writeAmCreateService(
r.userId, System.identityHashCode(r), nameTerm, r.app.uid, r.app.pid);
}
synchronized (r.stats.getBatteryStats()) {
r.stats.startLaunchedLocked();
}
mAm.notifyPackageUse(r.serviceInfo.packageName,
PackageManager.NOTIFY_PACKAGE_USE_SERVICE);
app.forceProcessStateUpTo(ActivityManager.PROCESS_STATE_SERVICE);
app.thread.scheduleCreateService(r, r.serviceInfo,
mAm.compatibilityInfoForPackageLocked(r.serviceInfo.applicationInfo),
app.repProcState);
r.postNotification();
created = true;
} catch (DeadObjectException e) {
Slog.w(TAG, "Application dead when creating service " + r);
mAm.appDiedLocked(app);
throw e;
} finally {
if (!created) {
// Keep the executeNesting count accurate.
final boolean inDestroying = mDestroyingServices.contains(r);
serviceDoneExecutingLocked(r, inDestroying, inDestroying);
// Cleanup.
if (newService) {
app.services.remove(r);
r.app = null;
}
// Retry.
if (!inDestroying) {
scheduleServiceRestartLocked(r, false);
}
}
}
if (r.whitelistManager) {
app.whitelistManager = true;
}
/// 在这一步中，Service决定了进行bindService
requestServiceBindingsLocked(r, execInFg);
updateServiceClientActivitiesLocked(app, null, true);
// If the service is in the started state, and there are no
// pending arguments, then fake up one so its onStartCommand() will
// be called.
if (r.startRequested && r.callStart && r.pendingStarts.size() == 0) {
r.pendingStarts.add(new ServiceRecord.StartItem(r, false, r.makeNextStartId(),
null, null, 0));
}
sendServiceArgsLocked(r, execInFg, true);
if (r.delayed) {
if (DEBUG_DELAYED_STARTS) Slog.v(TAG_SERVICE, "REM FR DELAY LIST (new proc): " + r);
getServiceMapLocked(r.userId).mDelayedStartList.remove(r);
r.delayed = false;
}
if (r.delayedStop) {
// Oh and hey we've already been asked to stop!
r.delayedStop = false;
if (r.startRequested) {
if (DEBUG_DELAYED_STARTS) Slog.v(TAG_SERVICE,
"Applying delayed stop (from start): " + r);
stopServiceLocked(r);
}
}
}
跟着app.thread.scheduleCreateService进入 ，发送消息到ActivityThread 中Handler。如果对Handler机制不了解的可以看我的另一篇文章 Android Handler消息机制解析
public final void scheduleCreateService(IBinder token,
ServiceInfo info, CompatibilityInfo compatInfo, int processState) {
updateProcessState(processState, false);
CreateServiceData s = new CreateServiceData();
s.token = token;
s.info = info;
s.compatInfo = compatInfo;
sendMessage(H.CREATE_SERVICE, s);
}
case CREATE_SERVICE:
Trace.traceBegin(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER, ("serviceCreate: " + String.valueOf(msg.obj)));
handleCreateService((CreateServiceData)msg.obj);
Trace.traceEnd(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER);
break;
在Handler的case 中找到CARETE_SERVICE跟到了handleCreateService方法中， 我们看一下。
private void handleCreateService(CreateServiceData data) {
// If we are getting ready to gc after going to the background, well
// we are back active so skip it.
unscheduleGcIdler();
/// 获取LoadApk 的packageInfo
LoadedApk packageInfo = getPackageInfoNoCheck(
data.info.applicationInfo, data.compatInfo);
Service service = null;
try {
java.lang.ClassLoader cl = packageInfo.getClassLoader();
通过packageInfo 找到ClassLoader， 通过AppComponentFactory 实例化Service 。
service = packageInfo.getAppFactory()
.instantiateService(cl, data.info.name, data.intent);
} catch (Exception e) {
if (!mInstrumentation.onException(service, e)) {
throw new RuntimeException(
"Unable to instantiate service " + data.info.name
+ ": " + e.toString(), e);
}
}
try {
if (localLOGV) Slog.v(TAG, "Creating service " + data.info.name);
ContextImpl context = ContextImpl.createAppContext(this, packageInfo);
context.setOuterContext(service);
创建Application的， 过程在下边。
Application app = packageInfo.makeApplication(false, mInstrumentation);
通过service的attach方法 将主线程ActivityThread 和Context 信息传递给了service 。
service.attach(context, this, data.info.name, data.token, app,
ActivityManager.getService());
调用了service的onCreate方法。
service.onCreate();
mServices.put(data.token, service);
try {
ActivityManager.getService().serviceDoneExecuting(
data.token, SERVICE_DONE_EXECUTING_ANON, 0, 0);
} catch (RemoteException e) {
throw e.rethrowFromSystemServer();
}
} catch (Exception e) {
if (!mInstrumentation.onException(service, e)) {
throw new RuntimeException(
"Unable to create service " + data.info.name
+ ": " + e.toString(), e);
}
}
}
/这里当然就是传说中当前App的 Context实例化的地方。
static ContextImpl createAppContext(ActivityThread mainThread, LoadedApk packageInfo) {
if (packageInfo == null) throw new IllegalArgumentException("packageInfo");
ContextImpl context = new ContextImpl(null, mainThread, packageInfo, null, null, null, 0,
null);
context.setResources(packageInfo.getResources());
return context;
}
App创建成功之后会将调用service的onCreate 方法。
2. Service启动与Application的创建过程
插播一条广告，我们看一下Application 创建过程 ，瞅一下代码，跟我走，就两步。
public Application makeApplication(boolean forceDefaultAppClass,
Instrumentation instrumentation) {
if (mApplication != null) {
return mApplication;
}
Trace.traceBegin(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER, "makeApplication");
Application app = null;
String appClass = mApplicationInfo.className;
if (forceDefaultAppClass || (appClass == null)) {
appClass = "android.app.Application";
}
/// 这里的appClass 就是事先定义好的"android.app.Application" 通过下边的classLoader ，和mInstrumentation 新建Application 。
try {
java.lang.ClassLoader cl = getClassLoader();
if (!mPackageName.equals("android")) {
Trace.traceBegin(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER,
"initializeJavaContextClassLoader");
initializeJavaContextClassLoader();
Trace.traceEnd(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER);
}
ContextImpl appContext = ContextImpl.createAppContext(mActivityThread, this);
app = mActivityThread.mInstrumentation.newApplication(
cl, appClass, appContext);
appContext.setOuterContext(app);
} catch (Exception e) {
if (!mActivityThread.mInstrumentation.onException(app, e)) {
Trace.traceEnd(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER);
throw new RuntimeException(
"Unable to instantiate application " + appClass
+ ": " + e.toString(), e);
}
}
mActivityThread.mAllApplications.add(app);
mApplication = app;
if (instrumentation != null) {
try {
instrumentation.callApplicationOnCreate(app);
} catch (Exception e) {
if (!instrumentation.onException(app, e)) {
Trace.traceEnd(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER);
throw new RuntimeException(
"Unable to create application " + app.getClass().getName()
+ ": " + e.toString(), e);
}
}
}
// Rewrite the R 'constants' for all library apks.
SparseArray<String> packageIdentifiers = getAssets().getAssignedPackageIdentifiers();
final int N = packageIdentifiers.size();
for (int i = 0; i < N; i++) {
final int id = packageIdentifiers.keyAt(i);
if (id == 0x01 || id == 0x7f) {
continue;
}
rewriteRValues(getClassLoader(), packageIdentifiers.valueAt(i), id);
}
Trace.traceEnd(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER);
return app;
}
再走两步,看一下newApplication方法
public Application newApplication(ClassLoader cl, String className, Context context)
throws InstantiationException, IllegalAccessException,
ClassNotFoundException {
Application app = getFactory(context.getPackageName())
.instantiateApplication(cl, className);
app.attach(context);
return app;
}
跟入Application中的attach 方法，我们发现了开发中常见的attachBaseContext
/**
* @hide
*/
/* package */ final void attach(Context context) {
attachBaseContext(context);
mLoadedApk = ContextImpl.getImpl(context).mPackageInfo;
}
ConextImpl 类
static ContextImpl getImpl(Context context) {
Context nextContext;
while ((context instanceof ContextWrapper) &&
(nextContext=((ContextWrapper)context).getBaseContext()) != null) {
context = nextContext;
}
return (ContextImpl)context;
}
这个 instantiateApplication就不跟进去看了，通过反射创建Application。
3. bindService与rebind 过程分析
我们看一下bindService ContextImpl中我们找打了蛛丝马迹，也就是我们常用的方法
@Override
public boolean bindService(Intent service, ServiceConnection conn,
int flags) {
warnIfCallingFromSystemProcess();
return bindServiceCommon(service, conn, flags, mMainThread.getHandler(), getUser());
}
private boolean bindServiceCommon(Intent service, ServiceConnection conn, int flags, Handler
handler, UserHandle user) {
// Keep this in sync with DevicePolicyManager.bindDeviceAdminServiceAsUser.
IServiceConnection sd;
validateServiceIntent(service);
try {
IBinder token = getActivityToken();
if (token == null && (flags&BIND_AUTO_CREATE) == 0 && mPackageInfo != null
&& mPackageInfo.getApplicationInfo().targetSdkVersion
< android.os.Build.VERSION_CODES.ICE_CREAM_SANDWICH) {
flags |= BIND_WAIVE_PRIORITY;
}
service.prepareToLeaveProcess(this);
这里就调用了AMS的 bindService
int res = ActivityManager.getService().bindService(
mMainThread.getApplicationThread(), getActivityToken(), service,
service.resolveTypeIfNeeded(getContentResolver()),
sd, flags, getOpPackageName(), user.getIdentifier());
if (res < 0) {
throw new SecurityException(
"Not allowed to bind to service " + service);
}
return res != 0;
} catch (RemoteException e) {
throw e.rethrowFromSystemServer();
}
}
我们跟入了AMS中的bindServiceLocked 在这里边我们看到了Google工程师在里边包装了一层锁，讲调用转移给了ActivitiesService
public int bindService(IApplicationThread caller, IBinder token, Intent service,
String resolvedType, IServiceConnection connection, int flags, String callingPackage,
int userId) throws TransactionTooLargeException {
enforceNotIsolatedCaller("bindService");
// Refuse possible leaked file descriptors
if (service != null && service.hasFileDescriptors() == true) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException("File descriptors passed in Intent");
}
if (callingPackage == null) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException("callingPackage cannot be null");
}
synchronized(this) {
return mServices.bindServiceLocked(caller, token, service,
resolvedType, connection, flags, callingPackage, userId);
}
}
好了我们继续看bindServiceLocked
ActivitiesService 1428行
int bindServiceLocked(IApplicationThread caller, IBinder token, Intent service,
String resolvedType, final IServiceConnection connection, int flags,
String callingPackage, final int userId) throws TransactionTooLargeException {
if (DEBUG_SERVICE) Slog.v(TAG_SERVICE, "bindService: " + service
+ " type=" + resolvedType + " conn=" + connection.asBinder()
+ " flags=0x" + Integer.toHexString(flags));
final ProcessRecord callerApp = mAm.getRecordForAppLocked(caller);
if (callerApp == null) {
throw new SecurityException(
"Unable to find app for caller " + caller
+ " (pid=" + Binder.getCallingPid()
+ ") when binding service " + service);
}
ActivityRecord activity = null;
if (token != null) {
activity = ActivityRecord.isInStackLocked(token);
if (activity == null) {
Slog.w(TAG, "Binding with unknown activity: " + token);
return 0;
}
}
int clientLabel = 0;
PendingIntent clientIntent = null;
final boolean isCallerSystem = callerApp.info.uid == Process.SYSTEM_UID;
if (isCallerSystem) {
// Hacky kind of thing -- allow system stuff to tell us
// what they are, so we can report this elsewhere for
// others to know why certain services are running.
service.setDefusable(true);
clientIntent = service.getParcelableExtra(Intent.EXTRA_CLIENT_INTENT);
if (clientIntent != null) {
clientLabel = service.getIntExtra(Intent.EXTRA_CLIENT_LABEL, 0);
if (clientLabel != 0) {
// There are no useful extras in the intent, trash them.
// System code calling with this stuff just needs to know
// this will happen.
service = service.cloneFilter();
}
}
}
if ((flags&Context.BIND_TREAT_LIKE_ACTIVITY) != 0) {
mAm.enforceCallingPermission(android.Manifest.permission.MANAGE_ACTIVITY_STACKS,
"BIND_TREAT_LIKE_ACTIVITY");
}
if ((flags & Context.BIND_ALLOW_WHITELIST_MANAGEMENT) != 0 && !isCallerSystem) {
throw new SecurityException(
"Non-system caller " + caller + " (pid=" + Binder.getCallingPid()
+ ") set BIND_ALLOW_WHITELIST_MANAGEMENT when binding service " + service);
}
if ((flags & Context.BIND_ALLOW_INSTANT) != 0 && !isCallerSystem) {
throw new SecurityException(
"Non-system caller " + caller + " (pid=" + Binder.getCallingPid()
+ ") set BIND_ALLOW_INSTANT when binding service " + service);
}
final boolean callerFg = callerApp.setSchedGroup != ProcessList.SCHED_GROUP_BACKGROUND;
final boolean isBindExternal = (flags & Context.BIND_EXTERNAL_SERVICE) != 0;
final boolean allowInstant = (flags & Context.BIND_ALLOW_INSTANT) != 0;
ServiceLookupResult res =
retrieveServiceLocked(service, resolvedType, callingPackage, Binder.getCallingPid(),
Binder.getCallingUid(), userId, true, callerFg, isBindExternal, allowInstant);
if (res == null) {
return 0;
}
if (res.record == null) {
return -1;
}
ServiceRecord s = res.record;
boolean permissionsReviewRequired = false;
// If permissions need a review before any of the app components can run,
// we schedule binding to the service but do not start its process, then
// we launch a review activity to which is passed a callback to invoke
// when done to start the bound service's process to completing the binding.
if (mAm.mPermissionReviewRequired) {
if (mAm.getPackageManagerInternalLocked().isPermissionsReviewRequired(
s.packageName, s.userId)) {
permissionsReviewRequired = true;
// Show a permission review UI only for binding from a foreground app
if (!callerFg) {
Slog.w(TAG, "u" + s.userId + " Binding to a service in package"
+ s.packageName + " requires a permissions review");
return 0;
}
final ServiceRecord serviceRecord = s;
final Intent serviceIntent = service;
RemoteCallback callback = new RemoteCallback(
new RemoteCallback.OnResultListener() {
@Override
public void onResult(Bundle result) {
synchronized(mAm) {
final long identity = Binder.clearCallingIdentity();
try {
if (!mPendingServices.contains(serviceRecord)) {
return;
}
// If there is still a pending record, then the service
// binding request is still valid, so hook them up. We
// proceed only if the caller cleared the review requirement
// otherwise we unbind because the user didn't approve.
if (!mAm.getPackageManagerInternalLocked()
.isPermissionsReviewRequired(
serviceRecord.packageName,
serviceRecord.userId)) {
try {
bringUpServiceLocked(serviceRecord,
serviceIntent.getFlags(),
callerFg, false, false);
} catch (RemoteException e) {
/* ignore - local call */
}
} else {
unbindServiceLocked(connection);
}
} finally {
Binder.restoreCallingIdentity(identity);
}
}
}
});
final Intent intent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_REVIEW_PERMISSIONS);
intent.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK
| Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_EXCLUDE_FROM_RECENTS);
intent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_PACKAGE_NAME, s.packageName);
intent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_REMOTE_CALLBACK, callback);
if (DEBUG_PERMISSIONS_REVIEW) {
Slog.i(TAG, "u" + s.userId + " Launching permission review for package "
+ s.packageName);
}
mAm.mHandler.post(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
mAm.mContext.startActivityAsUser(intent, new UserHandle(userId));
}
});
}
}
final long origId = Binder.clearCallingIdentity();
try {
if (unscheduleServiceRestartLocked(s, callerApp.info.uid, false)) {
if (DEBUG_SERVICE) Slog.v(TAG_SERVICE, "BIND SERVICE WHILE RESTART PENDING: "
+ s);
}
if ((flags&Context.BIND_AUTO_CREATE) != 0) {
s.lastActivity = SystemClock.uptimeMillis();
if (!s.hasAutoCreateConnections()) {
// This is the first binding, let the tracker know.
ServiceState stracker = s.getTracker();
if (stracker != null) {
stracker.setBound(true, mAm.mProcessStats.getMemFactorLocked(),
s.lastActivity);
}
}
}
mAm.startAssociationLocked(callerApp.uid, callerApp.processName, callerApp.curProcState,
s.appInfo.uid, s.name, s.processName);
// Once the apps have become associated, if one of them is caller is ephemeral
// the target app should now be able to see the calling app
mAm.grantEphemeralAccessLocked(callerApp.userId, service,
s.appInfo.uid, UserHandle.getAppId(callerApp.uid));
AppBindRecord b = s.retrieveAppBindingLocked(service, callerApp);
ConnectionRecord c = new ConnectionRecord(b, activity,
connection, flags, clientLabel, clientIntent);
IBinder binder = connection.asBinder();
ArrayList<ConnectionRecord> clist = s.connections.get(binder);
if (clist == null) {
clist = new ArrayList<ConnectionRecord>();
s.connections.put(binder, clist);
}
clist.add(c);
b.connections.add(c);
if (activity != null) {
if (activity.connections == null) {
activity.connections = new HashSet<ConnectionRecord>();
}
activity.connections.add(c);
}
b.client.connections.add(c);
if ((c.flags&Context.BIND_ABOVE_CLIENT) != 0) {
b.client.hasAboveClient = true;
}
if ((c.flags&Context.BIND_ALLOW_WHITELIST_MANAGEMENT) != 0) {
s.whitelistManager = true;
}
if (s.app != null) {
updateServiceClientActivitiesLocked(s.app, c, true);
}
clist = mServiceConnections.get(binder);
if (clist == null) {
clist = new ArrayList<ConnectionRecord>();
mServiceConnections.put(binder, clist);
}
clist.add(c);
if ((flags&Context.BIND_AUTO_CREATE) != 0) {
s.lastActivity = SystemClock.uptimeMillis();
if (bringUpServiceLocked(s, service.getFlags(), callerFg, false,
permissionsReviewRequired) != null) {
return 0;
}
}
if (s.app != null) {
if ((flags&Context.BIND_TREAT_LIKE_ACTIVITY) != 0) {
s.app.treatLikeActivity = true;
}
if (s.whitelistManager) {
s.app.whitelistManager = true;
}
// This could have made the service more important.
mAm.updateLruProcessLocked(s.app, s.app.hasClientActivities
|| s.app.treatLikeActivity, b.client);
mAm.updateOomAdjLocked(s.app, true);
}
if (DEBUG_SERVICE) Slog.v(TAG_SERVICE, "Bind " + s + " with " + b
+ ": received=" + b.intent.received
+ " apps=" + b.intent.apps.size()
+ " doRebind=" + b.intent.doRebind);
/// 当Service的进程App!=null && 当前的intent 信息已经接收完成。
if (s.app != null && b.intent.received) {
// Service is already running, so we can immediately
// publish the connection.
说明Service 已经启动了， 这时候会马上进行发布publish 该connection 连接。
try {
c.conn.connected(s.name, b.intent.binder, false);
} catch (Exception e) {
Slog.w(TAG, "Failure sending service " + s.shortName
+ " to connection " + c.conn.asBinder()
+ " (in " + c.binding.client.processName + ")", e);
}
// If this is the first app connected back to this binding,
// and the service had previously asked to be told when
// rebound, then do so.
/// 这就符合上边所说的rebind 情形。 service进程已经被bind过，就会调用rebind ，参数传递true
if (b.intent.apps.size() == 1 && b.intent.doRebind) {
requestServiceBindingLocked(s, b.intent, callerFg, true);
}
} else if (!b.intent.requested) {
下边这个表述即为首次bind
requestServiceBindingLocked(s, b.intent, callerFg, false);
}
getServiceMapLocked(s.userId).ensureNotStartingBackgroundLocked(s);
} finally {
Binder.restoreCallingIdentity(origId);
}
return 1;
}
下边就会请求调用ActivityThread中的scheduleBindService 方法。
private final boolean requestServiceBindingLocked(ServiceRecord r, IntentBindRecord i,
boolean execInFg, boolean rebind) throws TransactionTooLargeException {
if (r.app == null || r.app.thread == null) {
// If service is not currently running, can't yet bind.
return false;
}
if (DEBUG_SERVICE) Slog.d(TAG_SERVICE, "requestBind " + i + ": requested=" + i.requested
+ " rebind=" + rebind);
if ((!i.requested || rebind) && i.apps.size() > 0) {
try {
bumpServiceExecutingLocked(r, execInFg, "bind");
r.app.forceProcessStateUpTo(ActivityManager.PROCESS_STATE_SERVICE);
r.app.thread.scheduleBindService(r, i.intent.getIntent(), rebind,
r.app.repProcState);
if (!rebind) {
i.requested = true;
}
i.hasBound = true;
i.doRebind = false;
} catch (TransactionTooLargeException e) {
// Keep the executeNesting count accurate.
if (DEBUG_SERVICE) Slog.v(TAG_SERVICE, "Crashed while binding " + r, e);
final boolean inDestroying = mDestroyingServices.contains(r);
serviceDoneExecutingLocked(r, inDestroying, inDestroying);
throw e;
} catch (RemoteException e) {
if (DEBUG_SERVICE) Slog.v(TAG_SERVICE, "Crashed while binding " + r);
// Keep the executeNesting count accurate.
final boolean inDestroying = mDestroyingServices.contains(r);
serviceDoneExecutingLocked(r, inDestroying, inDestroying);
return false;
}
}
return true;
}
在ActivityThread 我们简单粘贴了bindService 方法，
public final void scheduleBindService(IBinder token, Intent intent,
boolean rebind, int processState) {
updateProcessState(processState, false);
BindServiceData s = new BindServiceData();
s.token = token;
s.intent = intent;
s.rebind = rebind;
if (DEBUG_SERVICE)
Slog.v(TAG, "scheduleBindService token=" + token + " intent=" + intent + " uid="
+ Binder.getCallingUid() + " pid=" + Binder.getCallingPid());
sendMessage(H.BIND_SERVICE, s);
}
接受的地方依然在H中的BIND_SERFVICE case 分支中。
case BIND_SERVICE:
Trace.traceBegin(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER, "serviceBind");
handleBindService((BindServiceData)msg.obj);
Trace.traceEnd(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER);
break;
private void handleBindService(BindServiceData data) {
Service s = mServices.get(data.token);
if (DEBUG_SERVICE)
Slog.v(TAG, "handleBindService s=" + s + " rebind=" + data.rebind);
if (s != null) {
try {
data.intent.setExtrasClassLoader(s.getClassLoader());
data.intent.prepareToEnterProcess();
try {
if (!data.rebind) {
这里就会根据data 信息中的rebind来决定是调用onBind 方法 ，还是 onRebind
IBinder binder = s.onBind(data.intent);
ActivityManager.getService().publishService(
data.token, data.intent, binder);
} else {
s.onRebind(data.intent);
ActivityManager.getService().serviceDoneExecuting(
data.token, SERVICE_DONE_EXECUTING_ANON, 0, 0);
}
ensureJitEnabled();
} catch (RemoteException ex) {
throw ex.rethrowFromSystemServer();
}
} catch (Exception e) {
if (!mInstrumentation.onException(s, e)) {
throw new RuntimeException(
"Unable to bind to service " + s
+ " with " + data.intent + ": " + e.toString(), e);
}
}
}
}
ActivityManagerService 20518行， 跟进 publishService方法
public void publishService(IBinder token, Intent intent, IBinder service) {
// Refuse possible leaked file descriptors
if (intent != null && intent.hasFileDescriptors() == true) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException("File descriptors passed in Intent");
}
/// 这里加了个锁， 说过Google工程师还是考虑到多次publishService的情况 。
synchronized(this) {
if (!(token instanceof ServiceRecord)) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException("Invalid service token");
}
mServices.publishServiceLocked((ServiceRecord)token, intent, service);
}
}
我们跟入publishServiceLocked 方法 。
void publishServiceLocked(ServiceRecord r, Intent intent, IBinder service) {
final long origId = Binder.clearCallingIdentity();
try {
if (DEBUG_SERVICE) Slog.v(TAG_SERVICE, "PUBLISHING " + r
+ " " + intent + ": " + service);
if (r != null) {
Intent.FilterComparison filter
= new Intent.FilterComparison(intent);
IntentBindRecord b = r.bindings.get(filter);
if (b != null && !b.received) {
b.binder = service;
b.requested = true;
b.received = true;
for (int conni=r.connections.size()-1; conni>=0; conni--) {
ArrayList<ConnectionRecord> clist = r.connections.valueAt(conni);
for (int i=0; i<clist.size(); i++) {
ConnectionRecord c = clist.get(i);
if (!filter.equals(c.binding.intent.intent)) {
if (DEBUG_SERVICE) Slog.v(
TAG_SERVICE, "Not publishing to: " + c);
if (DEBUG_SERVICE) Slog.v(
TAG_SERVICE, "Bound intent: " + c.binding.intent.intent);
if (DEBUG_SERVICE) Slog.v(
TAG_SERVICE, "Published intent: " + intent);
continue;
}
if (DEBUG_SERVICE) Slog.v(TAG_SERVICE, "Publishing to: " + c);
try {
///至此 ，从这里的ServiceConnection 的回调 connected 方法 ，算是bindService的完成。
c.conn.connected(r.name, service, false);
} catch (Exception e) {
Slog.w(TAG, "Failure sending service " + r.name +
" to connection " + c.conn.asBinder() +
" (in " + c.binding.client.processName + ")", e);
}
}
}
}
serviceDoneExecutingLocked(r, mDestroyingServices.contains(r), false);
}
} finally {
Binder.restoreCallingIdentity(origId);
}
}
至此，算是完成Service 的createService 和 bindService 的过程。 unbindService ,onDestory 就不再进行跟踪分析了。
5.总结
这里就把整个Service的启动流程和bind流程大概的串了一遍，整体也没有进行特别细致的分析。 因为我觉得分析源码真的没必要钻进死胡同里进行做研究，反而要有大局观，整体观，或者说带着问题去看源码，搞明白了即可。 就像自行车一样，要先学会骑，再去搞明白哪个轮子带动哪个轮子，如果一味的钻进去轮子是如何制造的胡同里，就直接蒙蔽了。
恭喜你如果看到这里就会明白Android Service 的大致启动原理。 说句实话，这类文章写起来很费劲， 因为写不了太明白，只能写个大概。文中的相关源码我也标明了行数，这样查看源码也容易找一些。
如果看完之后觉得对Android中Service 启动 绑定这一部分有了个认识的整体提升，那么写这篇文章的目的也就达到了。欢迎讨论区留言。
6.参考资料
- 1.任玉刚-Android开发艺术探索
- 2.系统源码
- 3.罗升阳Android blog
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