Matlab牛顿迭代法求方程的根（GUI）

牛顿迭代法的具体内容不赘述
它的核心算法是：

 

k = 1;
x = x0;
x0 = x + e*2; % 为了让初启动时满足循环条件
while (abs(x-x0))>e && (k<=N)  % 同时限定误差和最大循环次数
    x0 = x;
    x = x0 - f(x0)/df(x0);  % 牛顿迭代法式子
    k = k+1;
end

这是一个非常简单的牛顿法实现，根据上学期学的数值分析和这学期上的Matlab，把它用GUI简单包装了一下。

用户输入函数表达式、初值、最大容许误差、最大循环次数之后，就可以计算根。代码实现如下。

function varargout = Newton_TEST(varargin)

% NEWTON_TEST MATLAB code for Newton_TEST.fig

%      NEWTON_TEST, by itself, creates a new NEWTON_TEST or raises the existing

%      singleton*.

%

%      H = NEWTON_TEST returns the handle to a new NEWTON_TEST or the handle to

%      the existing singleton*.

%

%      NEWTON_TEST('CALLBACK',hObject,eventData,handles,...) calls the local

%      function named CALLBACK in NEWTON_TEST.M with the given input arguments.

%

%      NEWTON_TEST('Property','Value',...) creates a new NEWTON_TEST or raises the

%      existing singleton*.  Starting from the left, property value pairs are

%      applied to the GUI before Newton_TEST_OpeningFcn gets called.  An

%      unrecognized property name or invalid value makes property application

%      stop.  All inputs are passed to Newton_TEST_OpeningFcn via varargin.

%

%      *See GUI Options on GUIDE's Tools menu.  Choose "GUI allows only one

%      instance to run (singleton)".

%

% See also: GUIDE, GUIDATA, GUIHANDLES



% Edit the above text to modify the response to help Newton_TEST



% Last Modified by GUIDE v2.5 12-Mar-2020 23:03:08



% Begin initialization code - DO NOT EDIT

gui_Singleton = 1;

gui_State = struct('gui_Name',       mfilename, ...

                   'gui_Singleton',  gui_Singleton, ...

                   'gui_OpeningFcn', @Newton_TEST_OpeningFcn, ...

                   'gui_OutputFcn',  @Newton_TEST_OutputFcn, ...

                   'gui_LayoutFcn',  [] , ...

                   'gui_Callback',   []);

if nargin && ischar(varargin{1})

    gui_State.gui_Callback = str2func(varargin{1});

end



if nargout

    [varargout{1:nargout}] = gui_mainfcn(gui_State, varargin{:});

else

    gui_mainfcn(gui_State, varargin{:});

end

% End initialization code - DO NOT EDIT





% --- Executes just before Newton_TEST is made visible.

function Newton_TEST_OpeningFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles, varargin)

% This function has no output args, see OutputFcn.

% hObject    handle to figure

% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB

% handles    structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)

% varargin   command line arguments to Newton_TEST (see VARARGIN)

handles.FUN = [];

handles.X0 = [];



% Choose default command line output for Newton_TEST

handles.output = hObject;



% Update handles structure

guidata(hObject, handles);



% UIWAIT makes Newton_TEST wait for user response (see UIRESUME)

% uiwait(handles.figure1);





% --- Outputs from this function are returned to the command line.

function varargout = Newton_TEST_OutputFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles)

% varargout  cell array for returning output args (see VARARGOUT);

% hObject    handle to figure

% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB

% handles    structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)



% Get default command line output from handles structure

varargout{1} = handles.output;







function editFUN_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)

% hObject    handle to editFUN (see GCBO)

% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB

% handles    structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)



% Hints: get(hObject,'String') returns contents of editFUN as text

%        str2double(get(hObject,'String')) returns contents of editFUN as a double

handles.FUN = get(hObject,'String');

guidata(hObject, handles);





% --- Executes during object creation, after setting all properties.

function editFUN_CreateFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles)

% hObject    handle to editFUN (see GCBO)

% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB

% handles    empty - handles not created until after all CreateFcns called



% Hint: edit controls usually have a white background on Windows.

%       See ISPC and COMPUTER.

if ispc && isequal(get(hObject,'BackgroundColor'), get(0,'defaultUicontrolBackgroundColor'))

    set(hObject,'BackgroundColor','white');

end







function editX0_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)

% hObject    handle to editX0 (see GCBO)

% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB

% handles    structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)



% Hints: get(hObject,'String') returns contents of editX0 as text

%        str2double(get(hObject,'String')) returns contents of editX0 as a double

handles.X0 = str2num(get(hObject,'String'));

guidata(hObject, handles);





% --- Executes during object creation, after setting all properties.

function editX0_CreateFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles)

% hObject    handle to editX0 (see GCBO)

% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB

% handles    empty - handles not created until after all CreateFcns called



% Hint: edit controls usually have a white background on Windows.

%       See ISPC and COMPUTER.

if ispc && isequal(get(hObject,'BackgroundColor'), get(0,'defaultUicontrolBackgroundColor'))

    set(hObject,'BackgroundColor','white');

end



function editError_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)

% hObject    handle to editError (see GCBO)

% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB

% handles    structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)



% Hints: get(hObject,'String') returns contents of editError as text

%        str2double(get(hObject,'String')) returns contents of editError as a double

handles.ERROR = str2num(get(hObject,'String'));

guidata(hObject, handles);



% --- Executes during object creation, after setting all properties.

function editError_CreateFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles)

% hObject    handle to editError (see GCBO)

% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB

% handles    empty - handles not created until after all CreateFcns called



% Hint: edit controls usually have a white background on Windows.

%       See ISPC and COMPUTER.

if ispc && isequal(get(hObject,'BackgroundColor'), get(0,'defaultUicontrolBackgroundColor'))

    set(hObject,'BackgroundColor','white');

end



function editN_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)

% hObject    handle to editN (see GCBO)

% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB

% handles    structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)



% Hints: get(hObject,'String') returns contents of editN as text

%        str2double(get(hObject,'String')) returns contents of editN as a double

handles.N = str2num(get(hObject,'String'));

guidata(hObject, handles);



% --- Executes during object creation, after setting all properties.

function editN_CreateFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles)

% hObject    handle to editN (see GCBO)

% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB

% handles    empty - handles not created until after all CreateFcns called



% Hint: edit controls usually have a white background on Windows.

%       See ISPC and COMPUTER.

if ispc && isequal(get(hObject,'BackgroundColor'), get(0,'defaultUicontrolBackgroundColor'))

    set(hObject,'BackgroundColor','white');

end



% --- Executes on selection change in listboxK.

function listboxK_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)

% hObject    handle to listboxK (see GCBO)

% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB

% handles    structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)



% Hints: contents = cellstr(get(hObject,'String')) returns listboxK contents as cell array

%        contents{get(hObject,'Value')} returns selected item from listboxK





% --- Executes during object creation, after setting all properties.

function listboxK_CreateFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles)

% hObject    handle to listboxK (see GCBO)

% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB

% handles    empty - handles not created until after all CreateFcns called



% Hint: listbox controls usually have a white background on Windows.

%       See ISPC and COMPUTER.

if ispc && isequal(get(hObject,'BackgroundColor'), get(0,'defaultUicontrolBackgroundColor'))

    set(hObject,'BackgroundColor','white');

end





% --- Executes on selection change in listboxX.

function listboxX_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)

% hObject    handle to listboxX (see GCBO)

% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB

% handles    structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)



% Hints: contents = cellstr(get(hObject,'String')) returns listboxX contents as cell array

%        contents{get(hObject,'Value')} returns selected item from listboxX





% --- Executes during object creation, after setting all properties.

function listboxX_CreateFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles)

% hObject    handle to listboxX (see GCBO)

% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB

% handles    empty - handles not created until after all CreateFcns called



% Hint: listbox controls usually have a white background on Windows.

%       See ISPC and COMPUTER.

if ispc && isequal(get(hObject,'BackgroundColor'), get(0,'defaultUicontrolBackgroundColor'))

    set(hObject,'BackgroundColor','white');

end





% --- Executes on button press in pushbuttonRUN.

function pushbuttonRUN_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)

% hObject    handle to pushbuttonRUN (see GCBO)

% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB

% handles    structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)

cla

f = handles.FUN;

x0 = handles.X0;

N = handles.N;

e = handles.ERROR;



f = eval(['@(x)',f]); % 将用户输入的str类型转化为有意义的匿名函数

df = eval(['@(x)',char(diff(sym(f)))]); % 计算微分



node = line(x0,f(x0),'Marker','o','MarkerSize',8,'MarkerFaceColor','r','MarkerEdgeColor','r');

connectline = line(x0,f(x0),'linewidth',1,'color','b'); %用来画连接的线



k = 1;

x = x0;

x0 = x+e*2;

K = [];

X = [];

xcon = x0;

ycon = f(x0);



while (abs(x-x0))>e && (k<=N)

    x0 = x;

    x = x0 - f(x0)/df(x0);

    xcon = [xcon,x];  % 用将新的x值同旧值连接

    ycon = [ycon,f(x)];

    K = [{num2str(k)};K];

    X = [{num2str(x)};X];

   

    % 将循环结果呈现在界面

    set(handles.listboxK,'string',K);

    set(handles.listboxX,'string',X);

    set(node,'xdata',x,'ydata',f(x));

    set(connectline,'xdata',xcon,'ydata',ycon);

    pause(0.5)  % 为了能让人眼看到过程，用pause暂停0.5s

   

    k = k+1;

end



hold on

xline = sort(xcon);

[xx,yy] = fplot(f,[min(xline),max(xline)]);  %画出模拟曲线

plot(xx,yy,'--k');

用一个的高次方程举例是这样

纯纯纯纯小白，发上来是希望可以互相交流，以及督促自己继续联系其他的数值方法。