ubuntn安装qt5.12.10

下载

http://download.qt.io/archive/qt/5.12/5.12.10/

第一次运行报错

Could not found load the Qt platform plugin “XCB” in “” even though it was found.

解决

sudo -s
sudo apt-get install libcap2-bin
sudo apt-get install --reinstall libxcb-xinerama0

可以运行qtcoreator

编译时报错

1、cannot find -lGL

查看是否已安装
locate libGL
配置
sudo ln -s /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/mesa/libGL.so.1 /usr/lib/libGL.so
安装
sudo apt-get install mesa-common-dev
sudo apt-get install libgl1-mesa-dev libglu1-mesa-dev
如果安装不了，参考下一步中的替换apt源

2、缺少x11/xlib.h和xcb/xcb.h

sudo apt-get install libx11.dev

安装时可能报错依赖库版本错误解决办法：

sudo gedit /etc/apt/sources.list

该命令的作用是用gedit打开安装来源文件sources.list，替换安装源，使用阿里的云，将文件内容替换为以下内容

# deb cdrom:[Ubuntu 16.04 LTS _Xenial Xerus_ - Release amd64 (20160420.1)]/ xenial main restricted
deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial main restricted #Added by software-properties
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial main restricted
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial main restricted multiverse universe #Added by software-properties
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-updates main restricted
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-updates main restricted multiverse universe #Added by software-properties
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial universe
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-updates universe
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-updates multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-backports main restricted universe multiverse #Added by software-properties
deb http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu xenial partner
deb-src http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu xenial partner
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-security main restricted
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-security main restricted multiverse universe #Added by software-properties
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-security universe
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-security multiverse

执行

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install libx11-dev

3、解决修改.pro文件保存时qt程序自动退出问题，主要受权限影响，修改权限即可。

4、18.04源

deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse
 
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse
 
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse
 
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
 
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse

5、在Ubuntu上安装GCC

默认的Ubuntu存储库包含一个名为build-essential的元包，它包含GCC编译器以及编译软件所需的许多库和其他实用程序。

执行以下步骤安装GCC Compiler Ubuntu 18.04：

01、首先更新包列表：

sudo apt update

02、键入以下命令安装build-essential软件包：

sudo apt install build-essential

该命令将安装一堆新包，包括gcc，g ++和make。

03、要验证GCC编译器是否已成功安装，请使用gcc --version命令打印GCC版本：

gcc --version

Ubuntu 18.04存储库中可用的默认GCC版本是7.4.0

用到的指令
查看环境变量：env
临时指定链接库查找路径（多个路径可以用：隔开）：
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=LD_LIBRARY_PATH:.:～/Qt5.12.10/5.12.10/gcc_64/lib
内核版本：umame -a
增加库路径：
gedit /etc/ld.so.conf
增加路径即可

自动化安装脚本

#!/bin/sh
#install lib
#:<<!
echo "update apt"
sudo apt update
echo "install libcap2-bin"
sudo apt-get install libcap2-bin
echo "install libxcb-xinerama0"
sudo apt-get install --reinstall libxcb-xinerama0
echo "install mesa-common-dev"
sudo apt-get install mesa-common-dev
echo "install gl"
sudo apt-get install libgl1-mesa-dev libglu1-mesa-dev
#!
#install qt5.12.10
echo "install qt"
chmod 777 qt-opensource-linux-x64-5.12.10.run
./qt-opensource-linux-x64-5.12.10.run

export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=’/home/rdd/pp’:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH

export QT_DEBUG_PLUGINS=1