https://github.com/X-Thinker/JSON-ParserREADME：
CppJSON.h
#ifndef CppJSON_h
#define CppJSON_h
#include <iostream>
#include <sstream>
#include <typeinfo>
#include <fstream>
#include <memory>
namespace JSON
{
/*----------JSON类型----------*/
//抽象基类CppJSON，不可实例化
class CppJSON
{
public:
//类内枚举，定义JSON数据类型
enum CppJSON_Type { JSON_Initial, JSON_Error, JSON_NULL, JSON_Bool, JSON_Number, JSON_String, JSON_Array, JSON_Object };
//构造函数与析构函数，构造函数使用初始化列表,析构函数是虚函数
CppJSON(CppJSON_Type ini = JSON_Initial, CppJSON* left = nullptr, CppJSON* right = nullptr,
const std::string& key_name = "name") :type(ini), prev(left), next(right), child(nullptr), key("name") {}
virtual ~CppJSON() = 0;
//修改JSON数据结构内部成员变量
void set_prev(CppJSON* left) { prev = left; }
void set_next(CppJSON* right) { next = right; }
void set_key(const std::string& name) { key = name; }
void set_child(CppJSON* first) { child = first; }
//返回JSON数据结构内部成员变量
CppJSON* return_prev() const { return prev; }
CppJSON* return_next() const { return next; }
const std::string return_key() const { return key; }
CppJSON* return_child() const { return child; }
CppJSON_Type return_type()const { return type; }
//纯虚函数，后续array和object需要覆写
virtual CppJSON& operator [] (int pos) const;
virtual CppJSON& operator [] (const std::string key_name) const;
virtual void push_back(CppJSON* item);
virtual void insert(CppJSON* item, int pos);
virtual void split(int pos);
virtual void split(const std::string& key_name);
private:
CppJSON_Type type;
//同一结构中的前一个元素与后一个元素
CppJSON* prev, * next, * child;
std::string key;
//禁用拷贝构造函数与赋值运算符重载（设为private并不予实现）
CppJSON(const CppJSON& rhs) {}
CppJSON& operator = (const CppJSON& rhs) {}
};
//错误类型用以处理异常情况
class CppJSON_Error :public CppJSON
{
public:
enum Error_Type { No_Error, Invalid_Type, Out_Range, Invalid_Key, Invalid_Json_Text, Bad_Allocate, Open_File_Fail, Unknown_Error };
CppJSON_Error() :CppJSON(JSON_Error), error_type(No_Error), exception() {}
~CppJSON_Error() {}
CppJSON& operator [] (int pos);
CppJSON& operator [] (std::string key_name);
void throw_exception(Error_Type type);
private:
Error_Type error_type;
std::string exception;
};
//值为null的数据类型
class CppJSON_NULL :public CppJSON
{
public:
CppJSON_NULL() :CppJSON(JSON_NULL) {}
~CppJSON_NULL() {}
};
//值为false或true的数据类型
class CppJSON_Bool :public CppJSON
{
public:
CppJSON_Bool() :CppJSON(JSON_Bool), valuebool(false) {}
~CppJSON_Bool() {}
void set_valuebool(bool vb) { valuebool = vb; }
bool return_valuebool() const { return valuebool; }
private:
bool valuebool;
};
//值为数值的数据类型
class CppJSON_Number :public CppJSON
{
public:
CppJSON_Number() :CppJSON(JSON_Number), valueint(0), valuedouble(0.0), numbertype(false) {}
~CppJSON_Number() {}
//修改/查询数值型JSON的数值
void set_valueint(int vi) { valueint = vi; }
int return_valueint() const { return valueint; }
void set_valuedouble(double vd) { valuedouble = vd; }
double return_valuedouble() const { return valuedouble; }
void set_numbertype(bool nt) { numbertype = nt; }
bool return_numbertype() const { return numbertype; }
private:
int valueint;
double valuedouble;
bool numbertype;//数值类型默认为false即int型，若为true则为double型
};
//值为字符串的数据类型
class CppJSON_String :public CppJSON
{
public:
CppJSON_String() :CppJSON(JSON_String) {}
~CppJSON_String() {}
void set_valuestring(const std::string& vs) { valuestring = vs; }
std::string return_valuestring() const { return valuestring; }
private:
std::string valuestring;
};
//值为数组的数据类型
class CppJSON_Array :public CppJSON
{
public:
CppJSON_Array() :CppJSON(JSON_Array) {}
~CppJSON_Array() {}
//重载 [] 运算符，使数组类型可以通过下标直接访问其内部元素
CppJSON& operator [] (int pos) const override;
void push_back(CppJSON* item) override;
void insert(CppJSON* item, int pos) override;
void split(int pos) override;
};
//值为对象的数据类型
class CppJSON_Object :public CppJSON
{
public:
CppJSON_Object() :CppJSON(JSON_Object) {}
~CppJSON_Object() {}
//重载 [] 运算符使对象类型可以通过key直接访问其内部元素
CppJSON& operator [] (const std::string key_name) const override;
void push_back(CppJSON* item) override;
void split(const std::string& key_name) override;
};
/*----------JSON类型----------*/
/*----------对外接口----------*/
//解析函数
enum parser_mode { file, text };
std::shared_ptr<CppJSON> parser(std::string str, parser_mode mode);
std::shared_ptr<CppJSON> parser(char* str, parser_mode mode);
//压缩json文本（删除空格、空行、注释）
std::string minify(std::stringstream& message);
std::string minify(std::string& msg);
//重载 << 运算符方便输出
std::ostream& operator << (std::ostream& os, CppJSON* JSON_Print);
/*----------对外接口----------*/
}
#endif
CppJSON.cpp
#include "CppJSON.h"
namespace JSON
{
//全局异常
CppJSON_Error* error = new CppJSON_Error;
/*----------类成员函数模块----------*/
CppJSON::~CppJSON() {}
CppJSON& CppJSON::operator [] (int pos) const { error->throw_exception(CppJSON_Error::Invalid_Type); return *error; }
CppJSON& CppJSON::operator [] (const std::string key_name) const { error->throw_exception(CppJSON_Error::Invalid_Type); return *error; }
void CppJSON::push_back(CppJSON* item) { error->throw_exception(CppJSON_Error::Invalid_Type); }
void CppJSON::insert(CppJSON* item, int pos) { error->throw_exception(CppJSON_Error::Invalid_Type); }
void CppJSON::split(int pos) { error->throw_exception(CppJSON_Error::Invalid_Type); }
void CppJSON::split(const std::string& key_name) { error->throw_exception(CppJSON_Error::Invalid_Type); }
//数组通过下标访问内部元素
CppJSON& CppJSON_Array::operator [] (int pos) const
{
CppJSON* location = this->return_child();
while (location != nullptr && pos > 0)
location = location->return_next(), --pos;
//越界异常，返回错误类型
if (pos != 0 || location == nullptr)
{
error->throw_exception(CppJSON_Error::Out_Range);
return *error;
}
return *location;
}
//对象通过关键字访问内部元素
CppJSON& CppJSON_Object::operator [] (const std::string key_name) const
{
CppJSON* location = this->return_child();
while (location != nullptr && key_name != location->return_key())
location = location->return_next();
//找不到关键字，返回错误类型
if (location == nullptr)
{
error->throw_exception(CppJSON_Error::Invalid_Key);
return *error;
}
return *location;
}
//在数组尾部加入新元素
void CppJSON_Array::push_back(CppJSON* item)
{
CppJSON* preloc = this->return_child(), * loc = this->return_child();
//空数组
if (loc == nullptr) { this->set_child(item); return; }
//非空数组
while (loc != nullptr)
preloc = loc, loc = loc->return_next();
preloc->set_next(item);
item->set_prev(preloc);
return;
}
//在对象尾部加入新元素
void CppJSON_Object::push_back(CppJSON* item)
{
CppJSON* preloc = this->return_child(), * loc = this->return_child();
//空对象
if (loc == nullptr) { this->set_child(item); return; }
//非空对象
while (loc != nullptr)
preloc = loc, loc = loc->return_next();
preloc->set_next(item);
item->set_prev(preloc);
return;
}
//在数组指定位置插入新元素
void CppJSON_Array::insert(CppJSON* item, int pos)
{
//在头部插入
if (pos == 0)
{
item->set_next(this->return_child());
if (this->return_child() != nullptr)
this->return_child()->set_prev(item);
this->set_child(item);
return;
}
CppJSON* prev_loc = &(*this)[pos - 1];
//如果上述过程抛出异常直接退出
if (typeid(*error) == typeid(*prev_loc))
return;
//如果pos-1的位置为队尾则退化成push_back
if (prev_loc->return_next() != nullptr)
{
CppJSON* next_loc = prev_loc->return_next();
prev_loc->set_next(item), item->set_prev(prev_loc);
item->set_next(next_loc), next_loc->set_prev(item);
}
else
prev_loc->set_next(item), item->set_prev(prev_loc);
return;
}
//删除指定数组元素
void CppJSON_Array::split(int pos)
{
CppJSON* detath_item = &(*this)[pos];
if (typeid(*error) == typeid(*detath_item))
return;
//删除首元素
if (pos == 0)
{
this->set_child(detath_item->return_next());
if (detath_item->return_next() != nullptr)
detath_item->return_next()->set_prev(nullptr);
detath_item->set_next(nullptr);
delete detath_item;
return;
}
//非首元素
detath_item->return_prev()->set_next(detath_item->return_next());
if (detath_item->return_next() != nullptr)
detath_item->return_next()->set_prev(detath_item->return_prev());
detath_item->set_next(nullptr), detath_item->set_prev(nullptr);
delete detath_item;
return;
}
//删除指定对象元素
void CppJSON_Object::split(const std::string& key_name)
{
CppJSON* detath_item = &(*this)[key_name];
if (typeid(*error) == typeid(*detath_item))
return;
//删除首元素
if (this->return_child() == detath_item)
{
this->set_child(detath_item->return_next());
if (detath_item->return_next() != nullptr)
detath_item->return_next()->set_prev(nullptr);
detath_item->set_next(nullptr);
delete detath_item;
return;
}
//非首元素
detath_item->return_prev()->set_next(detath_item->return_next());
if (detath_item->return_next() != nullptr)
detath_item->return_next()->set_prev(detath_item->return_prev());
detath_item->set_next(nullptr), detath_item->set_prev(nullptr);
delete detath_item;
return;
}
/*----------类成员函数模块----------*/
/*----------异常模块----------*/
//对不同错误类型抛出不同异常
void CppJSON_Error::throw_exception(Error_Type type)
{
switch (type)
{
case Invalid_Type: exception = "This procedure triggers an error \"Invalid type\""; break;
case Out_Range: exception = "This procedure triggers an error \"Subscript out of range\""; break;
case Invalid_Key: exception = "This procedure triggers an error \"Invalid key\""; break;
case Invalid_Json_Text: exception = "This procedure triggers an error \"Invalid json texts\""; break;
case Bad_Allocate: exception = "This procedure triggers an error \"Bad allocated\""; break;
case Open_File_Fail: exception = "This procedure triggers an error \"Fail to open the file\""; break;
default: exception = "This procedure triggers an unknown error"; break;
}
error_type = type;
std::cout << exception << std::endl;
return;
}
//错误类型的[]运算符重载，处理后续数组和对象在进行连续的[]访问中抛出的异常
CppJSON& CppJSON_Error::operator [] (int pos) { throw_exception(Invalid_Type); return *error; }
CppJSON& CppJSON_Error::operator [] (std::string key_name) { throw_exception(Invalid_Type); return *error; }
//内存分配失败抛出异常
CppJSON* bad_allocated() { error->throw_exception(CppJSON_Error::Bad_Allocate); return error; }
//无效的Json文本抛出异常
CppJSON* invalid_json_text(std::stringstream& message)
{
error->throw_exception(CppJSON_Error::Invalid_Json_Text);
std::string fail_pos;
getline(message, fail_pos);
fail_pos += "(...omit...)";
//把解析失败的行内容输出，方便用户检查json文本错误
std::cout << "Parsing failed: " << fail_pos << std::endl;
return error;
}
/*----------异常模块----------*/
/*---------功能函数模块---------*/
//删除整个json结构
void delete_json(CppJSON* detach_json)
{
CppJSON* next = detach_json;
while (detach_json)
{
next = detach_json->return_next();
if (detach_json->return_child() != nullptr)
delete_json(detach_json->return_child());
delete detach_json;
detach_json = next;
}
return;
}
//压缩json文本，去除空白格与格式
std::string minify(std::stringstream& message)
{
std::string msg = message.str();
return minify(msg);
}
std::string minify(std::string& msg)
{
int point_write = 0, point_read = 0;
while (msg[point_read] != '\0')
{
switch (msg[point_read])
{
case ' ': ++point_read; break;
case '\n': ++point_read; break;
case '\r': ++point_read; break;
case '\t': ++point_read; break;//跳过空白格
case '\"':
msg[point_write++] = msg[point_read++];
while (msg[point_read] != '\0' && msg[point_read] != '\"')
msg[point_write++] = msg[point_read++];
msg[point_write++] = msg[point_read++];
break;
default: msg[point_write++] = msg[point_read++]; break;
}
}
msg[point_write] = '\0';
std::string res(msg, 0, ++point_write);
std::cout << res << std::endl;
return res;
}
//跳过空白格
std::stringstream& skip_whitespace(std::stringstream& message) { while (message.peek() > 0 && message.peek() <= 32) message.ignore(); return message; }
//获取一个元素的key值
bool get_keyname(std::string& kn, std::stringstream& message)
{
if (message.peek() != '\"')
return false;
message.ignore();
kn.clear();
getline(message, kn, '\"');
if (kn.size())
return true;
else
return false;
}
/*---------功能函数模块---------*/
/*----------解析模块----------*/
//前置声明
CppJSON* parse_object(std::stringstream& message);
//以string参数进行解析
std::shared_ptr<CppJSON> parser(std::string path, parser_mode mode)
{
std::stringstream json_text;
if (mode == file)
{
std::ifstream fin(path);
//文件打开失败抛出异常
if (!fin.is_open())
{
error->throw_exception(CppJSON_Error::Open_File_Fail);
return std::shared_ptr<CppJSON>(error);
}
//将fin流中内容输入到json_text
json_text << fin.rdbuf();
fin.close();
}
else if (mode == text)
json_text << path;
else//如果解析模式错误则会抛出未知错误
{
error->throw_exception(CppJSON_Error::Unknown_Error);
return std::shared_ptr<CppJSON>(error);
}
CppJSON* res = parse_object(skip_whitespace(json_text));
//在json文本后有除终止符外的其他非空白字符
if (skip_whitespace(json_text).peek() != -1)
{
invalid_json_text(json_text);
return std::shared_ptr<CppJSON>(error);
}
if (typeid(*res) == typeid(*error))
return std::shared_ptr<CppJSON>(error);
std::shared_ptr<CppJSON> ptr(res, delete_json);
std::cout << ptr.get() << std::endl;
return ptr;
}
//以char*参数进行解析，兼容C
std::shared_ptr<CppJSON> parser(char* path, parser_mode mode)
{
//把char*的内容导入string后用parser的string重载完成解析
std::string ps(path);
return parser(ps, mode);
}
//解析函数
//前置声明
CppJSON* parse_null(std::stringstream& message);
CppJSON* parse_bool(std::stringstream& message);
CppJSON* parse_string(std::stringstream& message);
CppJSON* parse_number(std::stringstream& message);
CppJSON* parse_array(std::stringstream& message);
CppJSON* parse_object(std::stringstream& message);
CppJSON* parse_value(std::stringstream& message)
{
char ch_mes = message.peek();
if (ch_mes == 'n')
return parse_null(message);
else if (ch_mes == 'f' || ch_mes == 't')
return parse_bool(message);
else if (ch_mes == '\"')
return parse_string(message);
else if (ch_mes == '-' || ch_mes == '+' || isdigit(ch_mes))
return parse_number(message);
else if (ch_mes == '[')
return parse_array(message);
else if (ch_mes == '{')
return parse_object(message);
else//如果出现错误情况，抛出无效Json文本异常
return invalid_json_text(message);
}
CppJSON* parse_null(std::stringstream& message)
{
//检查是否为有效的null值
if (message.peek() != 'n')
return invalid_json_text(message);
CppJSON_NULL* item_null = new CppJSON_NULL;
//分配失败抛出异常
if (item_null == nullptr)
return bad_allocated();
message.ignore(4);//null四个字符
return item_null;
}
CppJSON* parse_bool(std::stringstream& message)
{
char ch = message.peek();
if (ch != 'f' && ch != 't')
return invalid_json_text(message);
CppJSON_Bool* item_bool = new CppJSON_Bool;
if (item_bool == nullptr)
return bad_allocated();
//设置bool的类型
if (ch == 'f') item_bool->set_valuebool(false), message.ignore(5);
else item_bool->set_valuebool(true), message.ignore(4);
return item_bool;
}
CppJSON* parse_string(std::stringstream& message)
{
if (message.peek() != '\"')
return invalid_json_text(message);
CppJSON_String* item_string = new CppJSON_String;
if (item_string == nullptr)
return bad_allocated();
std::string vs;
message.ignore();
//以"为分割符,将string值抽出
getline(message, vs, '\"');
item_string->set_valuestring(vs);
return item_string;
}
CppJSON* parse_number(std::stringstream& message)
{
char ch_mes = message.peek();
if (ch_mes != '-' && ch_mes != '+' && !isdigit(ch_mes))
return invalid_json_text(message);
std::string num_string;
bool num_type = false;
//值为number的所有可能出现的字符
while (ch_mes == '-' || ch_mes == '+' || ch_mes == 'e' || ch_mes == 'E' || ch_mes == '.' || isdigit(ch_mes))
num_string.push_back(message.get()), ch_mes = message.peek(), num_type = (ch_mes == '.' || ch_mes == 'e' || ch_mes == 'E') ? true : false;
CppJSON_Number* item_number = new CppJSON_Number;
if (item_number == nullptr)
return bad_allocated();
//根据数字中是否出现小数点或者科学计数法来判断数值为double或int
item_number->set_numbertype(num_type);
if (num_type)
item_number->set_valuedouble(std::stod(num_string));
else
item_number->set_valueint(std::stoi(num_string));
return item_number;
}
CppJSON* parse_array(std::stringstream& message)
{
if (message.peek() != '[')
return invalid_json_text(message);
message.ignore();
CppJSON_Array* item_array = new CppJSON_Array;
if (item_array == nullptr)
return bad_allocated();
CppJSON* item_child = parse_value(skip_whitespace(message));
//解析失败抛出异常
if (typeid(*item_child) == typeid(*error))
return error;
//连接子结点
item_array->set_child(item_child);
CppJSON* item_otherchild = nullptr;
while (skip_whitespace(message).peek() == ',')
{
message.ignore();
item_otherchild = parse_value(skip_whitespace(message));
if (typeid(*item_otherchild) == typeid(*error))
return error;
//连接各子结点
item_child->set_next(item_otherchild), item_otherchild->set_prev(item_child);
item_child = item_otherchild;
}
if (message.peek() != ']')
return invalid_json_text(message);
message.ignore();
return item_array;
}
CppJSON* parse_object(std::stringstream& message)
{
if (message.peek() != '{')
return invalid_json_text(message);
message.ignore();
CppJSON* item_object = new CppJSON_Object;
if (item_object == nullptr)
return bad_allocated();
//对象中为key-value键值对，所以首先应该出现key或者 }（空的对象）
if (skip_whitespace(message).peek() == '}')
return item_object;
if (message.peek() != '\"')
return invalid_json_text(message);
//message.ignore();
std::string item_keyname;
//key值解析失败
if (!get_keyname(item_keyname, message))
return invalid_json_text(message);
if (skip_whitespace(message).peek() != ':')
return invalid_json_text(message);
message.ignore();
CppJSON* item_child = parse_value(skip_whitespace(message));
if (typeid(*item_child) == typeid(*error))
return error;
item_child->set_key(item_keyname);
item_object->set_child(item_child);
CppJSON* item_otherchild = nullptr;
while (skip_whitespace(message).peek() == ',')
{
message.ignore(), skip_whitespace(message);
if (!get_keyname(item_keyname, message))
return invalid_json_text(message);
if (skip_whitespace(message).peek() != ':')
return invalid_json_text(message);
message.ignore();
item_otherchild = parse_value(skip_whitespace(message));
if (typeid(*item_otherchild) == typeid(*error))
return error;
item_otherchild->set_key(item_keyname);
item_child->set_next(item_otherchild), item_otherchild->set_prev(item_child);
item_child = item_otherchild;
}
if (message.peek() != '}')
return invalid_json_text(message);
message.ignore();
return item_object;
}
/*----------解析模块----------*/
/*----------输出模块----------*/
//静态全局变量deep用来反映输出时的递归深度以格式化输出
static int print_deep = 0;
//输出函数
std::ostream& print_bool(std::ostream& os, CppJSON_Bool* pb) { pb->return_valuebool() ? os << "true" : os << "false"; return os; }
std::ostream& print_null(std::ostream& os, CppJSON_NULL* pn) { os << "null"; return os; }
std::ostream& print_string(std::ostream& os, CppJSON_String* ps) { os << '\"' << ps->return_valuestring() << '\"'; return os; }
std::ostream& print_number(std::ostream& os, CppJSON_Number* pn) { pn->return_numbertype() ? os << pn->return_valuedouble() : os << pn->return_valueint(); return os; }
std::ostream& print_array(std::ostream& os, CppJSON_Array* pa)
{
os << '[';
CppJSON* pa_child = pa->return_child();
while (pa_child != nullptr)
{
os << pa_child;
pa_child = pa_child->return_next();
if (pa_child != nullptr)
os << ", ";
}
os << ']';
return os;
}
std::ostream& print_object(std::ostream& os, CppJSON_Object* po)
{
++print_deep, os << '{';
CppJSON* po_child = po->return_child();
if (po_child != nullptr) os << '\n';
while (po_child != nullptr)
{
for (int i = 1; i <= print_deep; i++)
os << '\t';
os << '\"' << po_child->return_key() << "\":\t";
os << po_child;
po_child = po_child->return_next();
if (po_child != nullptr)
os << ',';
os << '\n';
}
for (int i = 1; i <= print_deep - 1; i++) os << '\t';
--print_deep, os << '}';
return os;
}
std::ostream& operator << (std::ostream& os, CppJSON* JSON_Print)
{
switch (JSON_Print->return_type())
{
case CppJSON::JSON_Bool: return print_bool(os, dynamic_cast<CppJSON_Bool*>(JSON_Print)); break;
case CppJSON::JSON_NULL:return print_null(os, dynamic_cast<CppJSON_NULL*>(JSON_Print)); break;
case CppJSON::JSON_String: return print_string(os, dynamic_cast<CppJSON_String*>(JSON_Print)); break;
case CppJSON::JSON_Number: return print_number(os, dynamic_cast<CppJSON_Number*>(JSON_Print)); break;
case CppJSON::JSON_Array: return print_array(os, dynamic_cast<CppJSON_Array*>(JSON_Print)); break;
case CppJSON::JSON_Object: return print_object(os, dynamic_cast<CppJSON_Object*>(JSON_Print)); break;
default: error->throw_exception(CppJSON_Error::Invalid_Type); return os; break;
}
}
/*----------输出模块----------*/
}
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