c++/qt设计模式-装饰者模式

文章中部分内容和思路来自《Head First设计模式》

模式定义

动态地将责任附加到对象上。若要扩展功能，装饰者提供了比继承更有弹性的替代方案

模式类图

典型案例

1.案例说明

去咖啡店喝咖啡，我们可以要求店员在咖啡中加各种调味品，如牛奶、摩卡等。我们可以将这些调味品称为装饰

2.代码实现

------------

IComponent.h

------------

#ifndef ICOMPONENT_H

#define ICOMPONENT_H

class IComponent

{

public:

    virtual float cost() = 0;

};

#endif // ICOMPONENT_H

 

------------

Decoration.h

------------

#ifndef DECORATION_H

#define DECORATION_H

#include "IComponent.h"

class Decoration : public IComponent

{

public:

    Decoration();

    virtual ~Decoration();

};

#endif // DECORATION_H

 

--------------

Decoration.cpp

--------------

#include "Decoration.h"

Decoration::Decoration()

{

}

Decoration::~Decoration()

{

}

 

------------

HouseBlend.h

------------

#ifndef HOUSEBLEND_H

#define HOUSEBLEND_H

#include "IComponent.h"

class HouseBlend : public IComponent

{

public:

    HouseBlend();

    virtual ~HouseBlend();

public:

    virtual float cost();

};

#endif // HOUSEBLEND_H

 

--------------

HouseBlend.cpp

--------------

#include "HouseBlend.h"

HouseBlend::HouseBlend()

{

}

HouseBlend::~HouseBlend()

{

}

float HouseBlend::cost()

{

    return 4.5;

}

 

----------------

MilkDecoration.h

----------------

#ifndef MILKDECORATION_H

#define MILKDECORATION_H

#include "Decoration.h"

class MilkDecoration : public Decoration

{

public:

    MilkDecoration(IComponent *cp);

    virtual ~MilkDecoration();

public:

    virtual float cost();

private:

    IComponent *_cp;

};

#endif // MILKDECORATION_H

 

------------------

MilkDecoration.cpp

------------------

#include "MilkDecoration.h"

MilkDecoration::MilkDecoration(IComponent *cp)

{

    _cp = cp;

}

MilkDecoration::~MilkDecoration()

{

}

float MilkDecoration::cost()

{

    return _cp->cost() + 0.3;

}

 

------

Moka.h

------

#ifndef MOKA_H

#define MOKA_H

#include "Decoration.h"

class Moka : public Decoration

{

public:

    Moka(IComponent *cp);

    virtual ~Moka();

public:

    virtual float cost();

private:

    IComponent *_cp;

};

#endif // MOKA_H

--------

Moka.cpp

--------

#include "Moka.h"

Moka::Moka(IComponent *cp)

{

    _cp = cp;

}

Moka::~Moka()

{

}

float Moka::cost()

{

    return _cp->cost() + 1.6;

}

--------

main.cpp

--------

/**

 * 设计模式-装饰者模式

 * 要点：1,组件与装饰有共同超类 2,装饰可以装饰到任何组件

 */

#include <QCoreApplication>

#include <QDebug>

#include "MilkDecoration.h"

#include "HouseBlend.h"

#include "Moka.h"

int main(int argc, char *argv[])

{

    QCoreApplication a(argc, argv);

    HouseBlend *blend = new HouseBlend;

    MilkDecoration *deco = new MilkDecoration(blend); // houseblend加牛奶    

    qDebug() << deco->cost();

    Moka *mokaDeco = new Moka(blend); // houseblend加摩卡    

    qDebug() << mokaDeco->cost();

    Moka *mokaDeco2 = new Moka(deco); // houseblend加牛奶加摩卡  

    qDebug() << mokaDeco2->cost();

    delete mokaDeco2;

    mokaDeco2 = NULL;

    delete mokaDeco;

    mokaDeco = NULL;

    delete deco;

    deco = NULL;

    delete blend;

    blend = NULL;

    return a.exec();

}

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