文章标题

Handler的学习

最简单的handleMode

 @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        button = (Button) findViewById(R.id.button);
        text = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.tv_tv);

        final Handler handler = new Handler(){
            @Override
            public void handleMessage(Message msg) {
                super.handleMessage(msg);

                if(msg.what == 1001){
                    //消息发送过来了 更改UI
                    text.setText("在handler里面更改成功");
                }
            }
        };

        button.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View v) {
                new Thread(new Runnable() {
                    @Override
                    public void run() {
                        //用handler发送一个空消息，携带一个what参数
                        handler.sendEmptyMessage(1001);
                    }
                }).start();
            }
        });
    }

---

Handler常见发送消息方法

Message.obtain();//这里可以获取到一个Message对象而不用new出来,因为在下层它有个缓存池,如果没有创建，那么会自动创建一个Message对象回来。

handler.sendEmptyMessage(1001);
Message message = Message.obtain();//这里可以获取到一个Message对象
message.what = 1000;
message.arg1 = 1001;
message.arg2 = 1002; //arg 存储int值
message.obj = MainActivity.this;//存储一个对象
handler.sendMessageAtTime(message, SystemClock.uptimeMillis() + 3000);//延迟系统时间+3秒发送消息
handler.sendMessageDelayed(message, 3000);//延迟绝对时间 3秒发送消息
//handler.post(new Runnable(run))

---

小程序，下载文件，界面的progressbar用Handler来发送消息实时更新进度

package com.example.synnection.handlermode;

import android.nfc.Tag;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.os.Environment;
import android.os.Handler;
import android.os.Message;
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.util.Log;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.ProgressBar;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.net.HttpURLConnection;
import java.net.MalformedURLException;
import java.net.URL;

public class DwonLoadDemo extends AppCompatActivity {
    private static final String APP_URL =  "http://download.sj.qq.com/upload/connAssitantDownload/upload/MobileAssistant_1.apk";;
    private static final String TAG ="DownLoadDemoActivity";
    private ProgressBar progressBar ;
     /*
        异步下载文件更新进度条的步骤
        主线程
        点击按键
        发起下载
        开启子线程下载
        下载完成后通知主线程
        主线程更新进度条
         */

    Handler handler = new Handler(){
        @Override
        public void handleMessage(Message msg) {

           if (msg.what ==100){

               int currentPro = msg.arg1;
               progressBar.setProgress(currentPro);
               Log.i(TAG,"更新进度条ing");
           }

        }
    };

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_download);
         progressBar = (ProgressBar) findViewById(R.id.progressBar);

        findViewById(R.id.button2).setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View v) {
                // 下载文件
                downLoad(APP_URL);
            }
        });
    }

    private void downLoad(final String appUrl) {
        //创建下载路径
        // Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory() 获取扩展存储设备的资源路径
        String downLoadFolderName = Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory() + File.separator + "123" + File.separator;
        //创建文件夹
        File file = new File(downLoadFolderName);
        //判断文件夹是否存在,不存在则创建
        if(!file.exists()){
            file.mkdir();
        }
        //创建文件名
        final File appFile = new File(downLoadFolderName+"hello.apk");
        //判断文件是否存在,如存在则删除
        if(appFile.exists()){
            appFile.delete();
            Log.i(TAG,"删除成功");
        }
        if(appFile!=null){
            Log.i(TAG,"文件创建成功");
        }
        /**
         *  在子线程中下载文件
         */
        new Thread(new Runnable(){
            @Override
            public void run() {
                try {
                    URL url = new URL(appUrl);
                    HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
                    int fileMaxLength = conn.getContentLength();//获取文件的总长度
                    InputStream is =  conn.getInputStream();//获取输入流
                    byte[] b = new byte[1024*1024 ];//每次读取大小
                    int len = 0;//当前的长度
                    int currentDwonLoadLen = 0;
                    OutputStream os = new FileOutputStream(appFile);//写入appFile文件中
                    while ((len =is.read(b)) != -1){
                        //每次写入b,从下标0,写到len
                        os.write(b,0,len);
                        //当前下载的大小
                        currentDwonLoadLen += len;
                        //当前进度条的长度
                        int currentprogress = currentDwonLoadLen*100 /fileMaxLength;
                        Log.i(TAG,"currentprogress="+currentprogress);
                        //获取Message对象 发送消息通知UI更新进度条
                        Message message = handler.obtainMessage();
                        message.what = 100;
                        message.arg1 = currentprogress;
                        handler.sendMessage(message);
                         //关闭流
                        os.close();
                        is.close();
                    }
                } catch (MalformedURLException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }

            }
        }).start();
    }

}

做完出现过几个问题。一个读写 网络 权限没加
一个anr 一点击按钮卡死。
因为把    Message message = handler.obtainMessage();放在了子线程外面也就是在while循环外面
每次发送消息都用的同一个message 导致程序anr卡死
讲道理，放while循环里面每次调用的也是同一个message对象，因为下层是用了一个缓存池来保存的，那为什么放外面会anr呢？
暂时没理解

---

小程序用Handler实现倒计时

public class CountDownTime extends AppCompatActivity {
    //倒计时间隔
    public static final int COUNT_OUT = 2000;
    //倒计时的标记
    public static final int COUNT_OUT_FLAG = 1001;
    //倒计时初始值
    public static final int COUNT_OUT_MAX = 10;
    /**
     * 使用Handler倒计时
     * 创建Handler
     * 发送消息,改变textview值
     */
    private TextView mCountDownTextView;
    //发送一个延迟消息让handler处理更新Ui//有可能会内存泄漏
 //   Handler handler = new Handler(){
//        @Override
  //      public void handleMessage(Message msg) {
 //           super.handleMessage(msg);
            //mCountDownTextView.setText(String.valueOf(COUNT_OUT_MAX //-1));

 //       }
 //   };

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_countdown);
        mCountDownTextView = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.tv_countdwon);

        //获取一个消息实例
        Message message = handler.obtainMessage();
        message.what = COUNT_OUT_FLAG;
        message.arg1 = COUNT_OUT;
        //发送消息到handlerMessage里处理
        handler.sendMessageDelayed(message,2000);

    }
}

问题：上面的Handler有可能会造成内存泄漏，因为这里的Handler持有Activity的强引用，有可能此Activity被销毁了，这里的Handler还是持有引用。
解决：
让这里的Handler实例变为static静态的，然后再让Handler持有该Activity的弱引用，在该Activity销毁时，该Handler也一同销毁。

public class CountDownTime extends AppCompatActivity {
    //倒计时间隔
    public static final int COUNT_OUT = 2000;
    //倒计时的标记
    public static final int COUNT_OUT_FLAG = 1001;
    //倒计时初始值
    public static final int COUNT_OUT_MAX = 10;
    //记录当前倒数最小值
    public static int countMin = COUNT_OUT_MAX;
    private MyWeakHandler handler;
    /**
     * 使用Handler倒计时
     * 创建Handler
     * 发送消息,改变textview值
     */
    private TextView mCountDownTextView;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_countdown);
        mCountDownTextView = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.tv_countdwon);
        //获取一个消息实例
        handler = new MyWeakHandler(CountDownTime.this);
        Message message = handler.obtainMessage();
        message.what = COUNT_OUT_FLAG;
        message.arg1 = COUNT_OUT_MAX;
        //发送消息到handlerMessage里处理
        handler.sendMessage(message);
    }

    /**
     * 自定义一个类 继承Handler 实现Handler的弱引用
     */
    private static class MyWeakHandler extends Handler {
        CountDownTime mActivity;
        MyWeakHandler(CountDownTime activity) {
            //创建弱引用的实例
            WeakReference weakReference = new WeakReference<>(activity);
            //获取当前弱引用对应的上下文
            mActivity = (CountDownTime) weakReference.get();
        }

        //重写handlerMessage方法 实现倒计时
        @Override
        public void handleMessage(Message msg) {
            //处理发送过来的消息,
            if (msg.what == COUNT_OUT_FLAG) {
                //拿到外部类控件 更改值
                mActivity.mCountDownTextView.setText(String.valueOf(countMin));
                //循环倒计时数字为0，否则再次发送延迟消息更新UI
                if (countMin > 0) {
                    Message message = mActivity.handler.obtainMessage();
                    message.what = COUNT_OUT_FLAG;
                    countMin = countMin - 1;
                    mActivity.handler.sendMessageDelayed(message, COUNT_OUT);
                }
            }
        }
    }

---

用Handler来实现打地鼠的小程序

public class Diglett extends AppCompatActivity {
    public static final String TAG = "diglett";
    public static final int RANDOM_TOME = 1000;
    public static final int Flag = 1009;
    public int mRandomTime =2000;
    public int mRandomPosition =0;
    public int mClickNumber = 0;
    public static final int MAX_COUNT= 10;
    private DigletttHandler mHandler;
    /**
     * 打地鼠游戏:
     * 创建一个二位数组代表随即的地鼠xy位置
     * 点击地鼠图片后隐藏图片，发送延迟消息 更换图片的位置 显示图片 同时记录打到地鼠的最大数目
     */

    private TextView mTextView;
    private Button mStartGame;

    private ImageView mImageView;
    //代表地鼠将要出现的位置 一维x轴坐标 二维y轴坐标
    private int[][] mPositions = new int[][] {
            {123,323},{142,245},
            {323,123},{52,382},
            {323,155},{32,85},
            {223,223},{242,45},
            {379,146},{442,55}
    };

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_diglett);
        initView();
        initData();
        initListener();
    }

    private void initView() {
        mTextView = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.text_view);
        mStartGame = (Button) findViewById(R.id.start_game);
        mImageView = (ImageView) findViewById(R.id.imageView);
    }

    private void initData() {
        mHandler = new DigletttHandler(Diglett.this);
        Log.i(TAG,"mposition = "+mPositions.length);
    }
    private void initListener(){
        mStartGame.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View v) {
                Log.i(TAG,"开始游戏111");
                //开始打地鼠
                start(mRandomTime);
                mStartGame.setVisibility(View.GONE);
                mTextView.setVisibility(View.VISIBLE);
                Log.i(TAG,"开始游戏222");
            }
        });

        mImageView.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View v) {
                //只有点击过图片才自增
                mClickNumber++;
                mImageView.setX(mPositions[mRandomPosition][0]);
                mImageView.setY(mPositions[mRandomPosition][1]);
                mImageView.setVisibility(View.VISIBLE);
                //同时更改TextView显示打了多少个地鼠
                mTextView.setText("打了"+mClickNumber+"只地鼠");
                next(mRandomTime);
            }
        });
    }



    /**
     *  开始打地鼠,显示地鼠 给个随即地址 把Button隐藏
     */
    private void start(int delayed) {
        mImageView.setX(mPositions[0][mRandomPosition]);
        mImageView.setY(mPositions[1][mRandomPosition]);
        mImageView.setVisibility(View.VISIBLE);
        //发送延迟消息
        Message message = mHandler.obtainMessage();
        mHandler.sendMessageDelayed(message,delayed);

    }
    Random random ;
    private void next(int delayed) {
        if(random ==null){
            random = new Random();
        }
        mRandomTime = random.nextInt(RANDOM_TOME)+ RANDOM_TOME;
        //显示地鼠，随即生成一个位置，判断是否打到最大数目 否则一直循环发送延迟消息
        if(mClickNumber<MAX_COUNT){
            //发送消息
            Message message = mHandler.obtainMessage();
            message.what = Flag;
            message.arg1 = random.nextInt(10);
            mHandler.sendMessageDelayed(message,delayed);

        }else{
            //重新开始游戏按钮
            mStartGame.setVisibility(View.VISIBLE);
            //重置当前打过多少地鼠
            mClickNumber = 0;
            mImageView.setVisibility(View.GONE);
            mTextView.setText("很棒，打完拉，点击重新开始游戏");
            return;

        }
    }

     static class DigletttHandler extends Handler{
        WeakReference weakReference ;
         public DigletttHandler(Diglett activity) {
             weakReference = new WeakReference<>(activity);
         }

         @Override
         public void handleMessage(Message msg) {
             super.handleMessage(msg);
             //获取当前的上下文
             Diglett mActivity = (Diglett) weakReference.get();
             //处理开始游戏的消息, 未点击地鼠的话,同样执行next()。不记录当前点击的数量
             Log.i(TAG,"clickNumber = "+mActivity.mClickNumber);

             if(msg.what == Flag){
                 int position  =msg.arg1 ;
                 mActivity.mImageView.setX(mActivity.mPositions[position][0]);
                 mActivity.mImageView.setY(mActivity.mPositions[position][1])
                 ;mActivity.next(mActivity.mRandomTime);
             }
         }
     }
}
还有几个问题没解决，地鼠打完消息还在发送，打地鼠的时候，越打速度越快，等几天修改。