以下脚本已经是在ubuntu下测试的
demo持续更新中。。。
1、for 循环测试，，，Ping 局域网
#!/bin/bash
i=1
for i in {1..254}
do
# 每隔0.3s Ping 一次，每次超时时间3s，Ping的结果直接废弃
ping-w 3 -i 0.3 192.168.110.$i > /dev/null
if [ $? -eq 0 ];then
echo "192.168.120.$i is rechable"
else
echo "192.168.120.$i is unrechable"
fi
#let i++
done
2、批量添加用户
#!/bin/bash
user=$(cat /opt/user.txt)
for i in $user
do
echo "$i"
useradd "$i"
echo $i:$i | chpasswd
#echo "1234" | passwd --stdin $i
done
注意点：
- ubuntu 不支持--stdin，要用echo 和 chpasswd结合使用
- 在ubuntu 上要使用$(cat /opt/user.txt)，而不是$`cat /opt/user.txt`, 否则通过for 循环遍历时，第一个数据老是给加上$，比如user.txt第一行的数据是user1,它会变成$user1,
有批量添加，就有批量删除
#!/bin/bash
user=$(cat /opt/user.txt)
for i in $user
do
userdel -f $i
done3、将1-100中的奇数放入数组
#!/bin/bash
for((i=0;i<=100;i++))
do
if [ $[i%2] -eq 1 ];then
array[$[$[$i-1]/2]]=$i
fi
done
#echo ${array[0]}
echo ${array[*]}
运行结果
1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23 25 27 29 31 33 35 37 39 41 43 45 47 49 51 53 55 57 59 61 63 65 67 69 71 73 75 77 79 81 83 85 87 89 91 93 95 97 99
知识点：
- $[] 是用来进行数学运算的，支持+、-、*、%、/。效果同$(())
- $[] 中括号里引用的变量可以不用加$符号，比如上面的 $[i%2]
- $[i%2]等同于$((i%2))
- array[*] 表示获取数组中的所有数据
4、创建任意数字及长度的数组，自定义元素
#!/bin/bash
i=0
while true
do
read -p "input? yes or no:" operate
if [ $operate = no ];then
break
fi
read -p "input the value：" value
array[$i]=$value
let i++
done
echo ${array[*]}知识点：
- [ $doing = no ] 等价于[ $doing = "no" ] , = 是判断字符串的，对于纯字符串所以加不加引号都可
5、将数组中的数小于60的变成60，高于60的不操作
#!/bin/bash
array=(61 62 63 50 59 64)
count=${#array[*]}
echo before:${array[*]}
for((i=0;i<$count;i++))
do
if [ ${array[$i]} -lt 60 ] ; then
array[$i]=60
fi
done
echo after:${array[*]}
知识点：
- 数组的定义中的元素之间用空格分开，不要用逗号（,）
- 数组的长度用 ${#array[*]} 或 ${#array[@]} 获取
- 数组元素的获取用 ${array[0]} , 赋值的时候不用加$ {}
6、判断数组中最大的数
#!/bin/bash
max=0
array=(1 2 5 3 7 9)
count=${#array[*]}
for((i=0;i<$count;i++))
do
if [ ${array[$i]} -gt $max ];then
max=${array[$i]}
fi
done
echo "the max num of array is ${max}"
知识点：
- 在取变量的时候需要加$，比如：$max, ${array[0]}，再给变量赋值的时候不需要加$比如：max=1, array[0]=1
7、猜数字
#!/bin/bash
seed=(0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9)
len=${#seed[*]}
random=$[RANDOM%$len]
guess=${seed[$random]}
while :
do
read -p "0-9? you guess which one? " doing
if [ $doing -eq $guess ]; then
echo "bingo"
exit 0
elif [ $doing -gt $guess ]; then
echo "oops, too big"
else
echo "oops, too small"
fi
done
知识点
- $RANDOM 的范围是 [0, 32767]
- ：空语句相当于true，即 while : 相当于 while true
8、删除数组中小于60的元素（unset）
#!/bin/bash
num=(58 59 60 61 62)
i=0
for p in ${num[*]}
do
if [ $p -lt 60 ]; then
unset num[$i]
fi
let i++
done
echo the final result is ${num[*]}
exit 0知识点：
- unset 为 shell 内建指令，用于删除定义的可读可写的shell变量（包括环境变量）和shell函数。不能对只读操作。
tt=1
echo $tt
unset tt
echo $tt
9、求1...100的和
#!/bin/bash
sum=0
for i in {1..100}
do
sum=$[$sum+$i]
done
echo the result is ${sum}
exit 0
10、求1...50的和（until）
#!/bin/bash
sum=0
i=0
until [ $i -gt 50 ]
do
#sum=$[$sum+$i]
let sum+=$i
let i++
done
echo the result is ${sum}知识点：
- let 命令是 BASH 中用于计算的工具，用于执行一个或多个表达式，变量计算中不需要加上 $ 来表示变量。如果表达式中包含了空格或其他特殊字符，则必须引起来。
11、石头,剪刀,布
#!/bin/bash
game=(rock paper sissor)
random=$[$RANDOM%3]
scriptResult=${game[$random]}
echo $scriptResult
echo "choose your result:"
echo "1.rock"
echo "2.paper"
echo "3.sissor"
read -p "choose 1, 2 or 3: " choice
case $choice in
1)
if [ $[$random+1] -eq 1 ]; then
echo "equal"
elif [ $[$random+1] -eq 2 ]; then
echo "you lose"
else
echo "you win"
fi
;;
2)
if [ $[$random+1] -eq 1 ]; then
echo "you win"
elif [ $[$random+1] -eq 2 ]; then
echo "equal"
else
echo "you lose"
fi
;;
3)
if [ $[$random+1] -eq 1 ]; then
echo "you lose"
elif [ $[$random+1] -eq 2 ]; then
echo "you win"
else
echo "equal"
fi
;;
*)
echo "wrong number"
;;
esac
exit 0
12、成绩计算（小于60 不及格 85以上优秀）
#!/bin/bash
while :
do
read -p "input score: " score
if [ $score -le 100 ] && [ $score -gt 85 ]
then
echo "great"
elif [[ $score -lt 85 && $score -ge 60 ]]; then
echo "normal"
else
echo "failed"
fi
done
exit 0
知识点：
- [ $score -le 100 ] && [ $score -gt 85 ] 等价于 [[ $score -le 100 && $score -gt 85 ]] ,双中括号之间不要有空格，[[ ]] 是shell中的关键字，不是命令，单中括号[]，是test命令
-
[[ ]] 不需要注意某些细枝末节，比[]功能强大
-
[[ ]] 支持逻辑运算
-
[[ ]] 支持正则表达式
13、计算当前的内存使用百分比
#!/bin/bash
mem_line=$(free -m | grep "Mem")
memory_total=$(echo $mem_line | awk '{print $2}')
memory_used=$(echo $mem_line | awk '{print $3}')
echo "total memory: $memory_total MiB"
echo "used memory: $memory_used MiB"
#echo "usage rate: $[$memory_used/$memory_total * 100]%"
echo "usage rate:" $(echo $mem_line | awk '{printf("%0.2f%", $3 / $2 * 100)}')
exit 0知识点：
1、free -m 命令以MiB为单位打印
1 MiB = 1024KiB, 1MB=1000KiB
man free
-m, --mebi Display the amount of memory in mebibytes. total used free shared buff/cache available
Mem: 3876 1182 1518 3 1175 2428
Swap: 923 0 923
grep "Mem" 会将第二行（Mem开头的那行）抽取出来
2、awk 会进行文本处理, 利用printf函数处理小数
awk '{printf("%0.2f%", $3 / $2 * 100)}'14、过滤出本机ether网卡的MAC地址
#!/bin/bash
eth=$(ifconfig | grep "ether" | awk '{print $2}')
echo $eth
exit 0
思路也简单，通过ifconfig 获取ether所在行，通过awk获取对应行的第二个参数$2
ens37: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 1500
inet6 fe80::5e0a:f1cf:cbf8:4c2d prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x20<link>
ether 00:0c:29:f6:b6:99 txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet)
RX packets 87 bytes 10378 (10.3 KB)
RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 3992 bytes 720667 (720.6 KB)
TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0lo: flags=73<UP,LOOPBACK,RUNNING> mtu 65536
inet 127.0.0.1 netmask 255.0.0.0
inet6 ::1 prefixlen 128 scopeid 0x10<host>
loop txqueuelen 1000 (Local Loopback)
RX packets 68614 bytes 4911600 (4.9 MB)
RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 68614 bytes 4911600 (4.9 MB)
TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0
15、统计/var/log有多少个文件，并显示这些文件名
#!/bin/bash
count=0
for file in $(ls /var/log)
do
echo $file
if [ -f "/var/log/${file}" ]
then
let count++
echo "file name: $file"
else
echo "no file"
fi
done
echo "the count of files is: ${count}"
echo "the count of files is:" `find /var/log -maxdepth 1 -type f |wc -l`
exit 0
知识点：
- 如果上述脚本中写成 if [ -f $file ],就算是文件也会判断失败， file要写成路径的形式，单纯一个名字都会失败，其它文档中写的没有路径，这个注意下
16、打印字母数小于8的单词
for e in `cat ./nowcoder.txt`
do
if [ ${#e} -lt 8 ];then
echo ${e}
fi
done
exit 0知识点
- ${#} 用于获取字符串或数组的长度，${#var}：字符串长度, ${#array[*]}：数组长度
17、统计所有进程占用内存百分比的和
统计所有进程占用内存百分比的和_牛客题霸_牛客网 (nowcoder.com)
#!/bin/bash
sum=0
i=0
for m in `awk '{print $4}' ./nowcoder.txt`
do
if [ $i -eq 0 ];then
let i++
continue
fi
r=$(echo $m | bc)
sum=$(echo $r + $sum | bc)
done
echo $sum | bc
exit 0
知识点：
- 利用bc处理小数，这里是利用的+，，$(echo $r + $sum | bc)
18、统计每个单词出现的个数
打印无顺序（利用字典）
#!/bin/bash
declare -A dic
for word in `cat nowcoder.txt`
do
if [ $word = "" ];then
continue
fi
if [ -v dic[$word] ]; then
r=${dic[$word]}
dic[$word]=`expr $r + 1`
else
dic[$word]=1
fi
done
for key in `echo ${!dic[*]}`
do
echo "$key ${dic[$key]}"
done
exit 0
利用文件处理顺序
#!/bin/bash
declare -A dic
for word in `cat nowcoder.txt`
do
if [ $word = "" ];then
continue
fi
if [ -v dic[$word] ]; then
r=${dic[$word]}
dic[$word]=`expr $r + 1`
else
dic[$word]=1
fi
done
rm tmp.txt
touch tmp.txt
for key in `echo ${!dic[*]}`
do
echo "${dic[$key]} $key" >> tmp.txt
done
cat tmp.txt | sort -n |awk '{print $2,$1}'
exit 0
知识点：
1、字典声明用declare -A dic
2、字典赋值dic[key]=value
3、获取所有key , ${!dic[*]}
4、获取所有value, ${dic[*]}
linux 程序设计 第四版 shell 脚本
已调试，大致没问题，想学习的复制拿去
#!/bin/sh
menu_choice=""
current_cd=""
title_file="title.cdb"
tracks_file="tracks.cdb"
temp_file=/tmp/cdb.$$
trap 'rm -f $temp_file' EXIT
get_return() {
echo "Please return \c"
read x
return 0
}
get_confirm() {
echo -e "Are you sure? \c"
while true
do
read x
case "$x" in
y | yes|Y|Yes|YES) return 0;;
n | no|N|No|NO)
echo
echo "Cancelled"
return 1;;
*) echo "Please enter yes or no";;
esac
done
}
set_menu_choice() {
clear
echo "Options : -"
echo
echo " a) Add new CD"
echo " f) Find CD"
echo " c) Cont the CDs and tracks in the catalog"
if [ "$cdcatnum" != "" ]; then
echo " l) List track on $cdtitle"
echo " r) Remove $cdtitle"
echo " u) Update track information for $cdtitle"
fi
echo " q) Quit"
echo
echo "Please enter choice then press return \c"
read menu_choice
return
}
insert_title() {
echo $* >> $title_file
return
}
insert_track() {
echo $* >> $tracks_file
return
}
add_record_tracks() {
echo "Enter track information for this CD"
echo "When no more tracks enter q"
cdtrack=1
cdtitle=""
while [ "$cdtitle" != "q" ]
do
echo "Track $cdtrack, track title? \c"
read tmp
cdtitle=${tmp%%, *}
echo ${tmp}======
echo ${cdtitle}-------
if [ "$tmp" != "$cdtitle" ]; then
echo "Sorry, no commas allowed"
continue
fi
if [ -n "$cdtitle" ]; then
echo enter
echo ${cdtitle}-------
if [ "${cdtitle}" != "q" ]; then
echo enter1
insert_track $cdcatnum, $cdtrack, $cdtitle
fi
else
cdtrack=$((cdtrack-1))
fi
cdtrack=$((cdtrack+1))
done
}
add_records() {
echo "Enter catalog name \c"
read tmp;
cdcatnum=${tmp%%, *}
echo "Enter title \c"
read tmp
cdtitle=${tmp%%, *}
echo "Enter type \c"
read tmp
cdtype=${tmp%%, *}
echo "Enter artist/composer \c"
read tmp
cdac=${tmp%%, *}
echo About to add new entry
echo "$cdcatnum $cdtitle $cdtype $cdac"
if get_confirm; then
insert_title $cdcatnum, $cdtitle, $cdtype, $cdac
add_record_tracks
else
remove_records
fi
return
}
find_cd() {
if [ "$1" = "n" ] ; then
asklist=n
else
asklist=y
fi
cdcatnu=""
echo -e "Enter a string to search for in the CD titles \c"
read searchstr
if [ "$searchstr" = "" ] ; then
return 0
fi
grep "$searchstr" $title_file > $temp_file
set $(wc -l $temp_file)
linesfound=$1
case "$linesfound" in
0) echo "Sorry, nothing found"
get_return
return 0;;
1) ;;
2) echo "Sorry, not unique"
echo "Found the following"
cat $temp_file
get_return
return 0
esac
IFS=","
read cdcatnum cdtitle cdtype cdac < $temp_file
IFS=" "
if [ -z "$cdcatnum" ]; then
echo "Sorry, cound not extract catalog field from $temp_file"
get_return
return 0
fi
echo
echo Catalog num: $cdcatnum
echo Title: $cdtitle
echo TYPe: $cdtype
echo Artist: $cdac
echo
get_return
if [ "$asklist" = "y" ]; then
echo -e "View tracks for this CD? \c"
if [ "$x" = "y" ]; then
echo
list_tracks
echo
fi
fi
return 1
}
update_cd() {
if [ -z "$cdcatnum" ]; then
echo "You must select a CD first"
find_cd n
fi
if [ -n "$cdcatnum" ]; then
echo "Current tracks are: -"
list_tracks
echo
echo "This will re_enter the tracks for $cdtitle"
get_confirm && {
grep -v "^${cdcatnum}," $tracks_file > $temp_file
mv $temp_file $tracks_file
echo
add_record_tracks
}
fi
return
}
count_cds() {
set $(wc -l $title_file)
num_titles=$1
set $(wc -l $tracks_file)
num_tracks=$1
echo found $num_title CDs, with a total of $num_tracks tracks
get_return
return
}
remove_records() {
if [ -z "$cdcatnum" ]; then
echo You must select a CD first
find_cd n
fi
if [ -n "$cdcatnum" ]; then
echo "You are about to delete $cdtitle"
get_confirm && {
grep -v "^${cdcatnum}," $title_file > $temp_file
mv $temp_file $title_file
grep -v "^${cdcatnum}," $tracks_file > $temp_file
mv $temp_file $tracks_file
cdcatnum=""
echo Entry removed
}
get_return
fi
return
}
list_tracks() {
if [ "$cdcatnum" = "" ]; then
echo no CD selected yet
return
else
grep "^${cdcatnum}," $tracks_file > $temp_file
num_tracks=$(wc -l $temp_file)
if [ "$num_tracks" = "0" ]; then
echo no tracks found for $cdtitle
else {
echo
echo "$cdtitle :-"
echo
cut -f 2- -d, $temp_file
} | ${PAGER:-more}
fi
fi
get_return
return
}
rm -f $temp_file
if [ ! -f $title_file ];then
touch $title_file
fi
if [ ! -f $title_file ]; then
touch $tracks_file
fi
clear
echo
echo
echo "Mini CD manager"
sleep 1
quit=n
while [ "$quit" != "y" ];
do
set_menu_choice
case "$menu_choice" in
a) add_records;;
r) remove_records;;
f) find_cd y;;
u) update_cd;;
c) count_cds;;
l) list_tracks;;
b)
echo
more $title_file
echo
get_return
;;
q|Q) quit=y;;
*) echo "Sorry, choice not recognized";;
esac
done
rm -f $temp_file
echo "Finished"
exit 0
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