python从url下载并打开tar.gz文件

• archive file

  An archive file is a file that is composed of one or more computer files along with metadata.

  Archive files are used to collect multiple data files together into a single file for easier portability and storage, or simply to compress files to use less storage space.

• tar

  GNU tar: an archiver tool

  In computing, tar is a computer software utility for collecting many files into one archive file, often referred to as a tarball, fordistribution or backup purposes.

• gzip

  www.gzip.org

  gzip is a file format and a software application used for file compression and decompression.

  gzip is based on the DEFLATE algorithm, which is a combuination of LZ&& and Huffman coding.

• tar.gz

  What is a tar.gz File, and How Do I Open It?

  Tar files are often compressed after being created, giving it the .tar.gz file extension.

  Technically these are TGZ files, but nearly everyone calls both .tar and .tar.gz files simple “tar files”.

• open a tar file

  tar -xzf tarfile # extract
  tar -czf tar.tar.gz tar # create
  

  -v enables verbose mode, showing the progress of the commna

  -x extract

  -c create

  -z uses gzip, omit this if you hust have a .tar

  -f specifies file input, rather than STDIN

• through python

  tarfile - Read and write tar archive files

  The tarfile module makes it possible to read and write tar archives, including those using gzip, bz2 and lzma compression.

  tarfile.ooen(name=None, mode='r', fileobj=None, bufsize=10240,**kwargs) return a TarFile object for the pathname name.

  TarFile = tarfile.open('path/file.tar.gz','r:gz')
  tf.list(verbose=False) # 查看文件内容
  tf.getnames() # 返回list,包内文件名
  tf.getmember(name) # 返回member
  tf.extract(member) # 提取文件
  tf.extractall() # 提取全部文件
  

• 下载tar.gz文件

  import requests
  r = request.get(url)
  with open(filepath, 'wb') as f:
      f.write(r.content)