1. 概述
libuv可通过uv_fs_*系列函数和 uv_fs_t 结构体进行操作。所有文件均提供同步和异步两种操作方式,在API函数使用过程中主要区别是函数回调是否为NULL,如果为NULL,则使用同步模式,其返回值则是文件描述符,否则则以异步方式调用,其返回值为libev错误码。
特别注意
- libev 文件异步操作与socket不同,socket异步操作是依靠操作系统提供的非阻塞接口,文件操作则通过线程池实现 *
2. Reading/Writing Files
2.1 打开及关闭文件文件
int uv_fs_open(uv_loop_t* loop, uv_fs_t* req, const char* path, int flags, int mode, uv_fs_cb cb)
int uv_fs_close(uv_loop_t* loop, uv_fs_t* req, uv_file file, uv_fs_cb cb)
void callback(uv_fs_t* req); //文件回调签名
flags 和 mode与unix中文件操作的flag和mode一致,libuv内部负责将其转化成与windows兼容的windows flags
2.2 读写文件
int uv_fs_read(uv_loop_t* loop,
uv_fs_t* req,
uv_file fd,
const uv_buf_t bufs[],
unsigned int nbufs,
int64_t offset,
uv_fs_cb cb)
int uv_fs_write(uv_loop_t* loop,
uv_fs_t* req,
uv_file fd,
const uv_buf_t bufs[],
unsigned int nbufs,
int64_t offset,
uv_fs_cb cb)
在读文件之前,应该传递一个初始化过的buffer参数,他将在callback调用之前被填充,libuv将POSIX函数与uv_fs_*函数建立映射,在文件操作中,如果触发EOF,uv_fs_t结构中result将会被置为0,若是操作stream或者pipe,UV_EOF将被用于传输操作的状态。
示例demo
#include <assert.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <uv.h>
void on_read(uv_fs_t *req);
uv_fs_t open_req;
uv_fs_t read_req;
uv_fs_t write_req;
static char buffer[1024];
static uv_buf_t iov;
void on_write(uv_fs_t *req) {
if (req->result < 0) {
fprintf(stderr, "Write error: %s\n", uv_strerror((int)req->result));
}
else {
uv_fs_read(uv_default_loop(), &read_req, open_req.result, &iov, 1, -1, on_read);
}
}
void on_read(uv_fs_t *req) {
if (req->result < 0) {
fprintf(stderr, "Read error: %s\n", uv_strerror(req->result));
}
else if (req->result == 0) {
uv_fs_t close_req;
// synchronous
uv_fs_close(uv_default_loop(), &close_req, open_req.result, NULL);
}
else if (req->result > 0) {
iov.len = req->result;
uv_fs_write(uv_default_loop(), &write_req, 1, &iov, 1, -1, on_write);
}
}
void on_open(uv_fs_t *req) {
// The request passed to the callback is the same as the one the call setup
// function was passed.
assert(req == &open_req);
if (req->result >= 0) {
iov = uv_buf_init(buffer, sizeof(buffer));
uv_fs_read(uv_default_loop(), &read_req, req->result,
&iov, 1, -1, on_read);
}
else {
fprintf(stderr, "error opening file: %s\n", uv_strerror((int)req->result));
}
}
int main(int argc, char **argv) {
uv_fs_open(uv_default_loop(), &open_req, argv[1], O_RDONLY, 0, on_open);
uv_run(uv_default_loop(), UV_RUN_DEFAULT);
uv_fs_req_cleanup(&open_req);
uv_fs_req_cleanup(&read_req);
uv_fs_req_cleanup(&write_req);
return 0;
}
filesystem 操作
所有unix标准文件你操作例如:unlink,rmdir,stat都支持异步操作并且和read/write有着相同的调用模式,返回值都是通过uv_fs_t.result获取的。
libuv提供的文件操作接口如下:
struct uv_dirent_s {
const char* name;
uv_dirent_type_t type;
};
UV_EXTERN char** uv_setup_args(int argc, char** argv);
UV_EXTERN int uv_get_process_title(char* buffer, size_t size);
UV_EXTERN int uv_set_process_title(const char* title);
UV_EXTERN int uv_resident_set_memory(size_t* rss);
UV_EXTERN int uv_uptime(double* uptime);
UV_EXTERN uv_os_fd_t uv_get_osfhandle(int fd);
UV_EXTERN int uv_open_osfhandle(uv_os_fd_t os_fd);
typedef struct {
long tv_sec;
long tv_usec;
} uv_timeval_t;
typedef struct {
int64_t tv_sec;
int32_t tv_usec;
} uv_timeval64_t;
typedef struct {
uv_timeval_t ru_utime; /* user CPU time used */
uv_timeval_t ru_stime; /* system CPU time used */
uint64_t ru_maxrss; /* maximum resident set size */
uint64_t ru_ixrss; /* integral shared memory size */
uint64_t ru_idrss; /* integral unshared data size */
uint64_t ru_isrss; /* integral unshared stack size */
uint64_t ru_minflt; /* page reclaims (soft page faults) */
uint64_t ru_majflt; /* page faults (hard page faults) */
uint64_t ru_nswap; /* swaps */
uint64_t ru_inblock; /* block input operations */
uint64_t ru_oublock; /* block output operations */
uint64_t ru_msgsnd; /* IPC messages sent */
uint64_t ru_msgrcv; /* IPC messages received */
uint64_t ru_nsignals; /* signals received */
uint64_t ru_nvcsw; /* voluntary context switches */
uint64_t ru_nivcsw; /* involuntary context switches */
} uv_rusage_t;
UV_EXTERN int uv_getrusage(uv_rusage_t* rusage);
UV_EXTERN int uv_os_homedir(char* buffer, size_t* size);
UV_EXTERN int uv_os_tmpdir(char* buffer, size_t* size);
UV_EXTERN int uv_os_get_passwd(uv_passwd_t* pwd);
UV_EXTERN void uv_os_free_passwd(uv_passwd_t* pwd);
UV_EXTERN uv_pid_t uv_os_getpid(void);
UV_EXTERN uv_pid_t uv_os_getppid(void);
#define UV_PRIORITY_LOW 19
#define UV_PRIORITY_BELOW_NORMAL 10
#define UV_PRIORITY_NORMAL 0
#define UV_PRIORITY_ABOVE_NORMAL -7
#define UV_PRIORITY_HIGH -14
#define UV_PRIORITY_HIGHEST -20
UV_EXTERN int uv_os_getpriority(uv_pid_t pid, int* priority);
UV_EXTERN int uv_os_setpriority(uv_pid_t pid, int priority);
UV_EXTERN int uv_cpu_info(uv_cpu_info_t** cpu_infos, int* count);
UV_EXTERN void uv_free_cpu_info(uv_cpu_info_t* cpu_infos, int count);
UV_EXTERN int uv_interface_addresses(uv_interface_address_t** addresses,
int* count);
UV_EXTERN void uv_free_interface_addresses(uv_interface_address_t* addresses,
int count);
UV_EXTERN int uv_os_getenv(const char* name, char* buffer, size_t* size);
UV_EXTERN int uv_os_setenv(const char* name, const char* value);
UV_EXTERN int uv_os_unsetenv(const char* name);
#ifdef MAXHOSTNAMELEN
# define UV_MAXHOSTNAMESIZE (MAXHOSTNAMELEN + 1)
#else
/*
Fallback for the maximum hostname size, including the null terminator. The
Windows gethostname() documentation states that 256 bytes will always be
large enough to hold the null-terminated hostname.
*/
# define UV_MAXHOSTNAMESIZE 256
#endif
UV_EXTERN int uv_os_gethostname(char* buffer, size_t* size);
UV_EXTERN int uv_os_uname(uv_utsname_t* buffer);
typedef enum {
UV_FS_UNKNOWN = -1,
UV_FS_CUSTOM,
UV_FS_OPEN,
UV_FS_CLOSE,
UV_FS_READ,
UV_FS_WRITE,
UV_FS_SENDFILE,
UV_FS_STAT,
UV_FS_LSTAT,
UV_FS_FSTAT,
UV_FS_FTRUNCATE,
UV_FS_UTIME,
UV_FS_FUTIME,
UV_FS_ACCESS,
UV_FS_CHMOD,
UV_FS_FCHMOD,
UV_FS_FSYNC,
UV_FS_FDATASYNC,
UV_FS_UNLINK,
UV_FS_RMDIR,
UV_FS_MKDIR,
UV_FS_MKDTEMP,
UV_FS_RENAME,
UV_FS_SCANDIR,
UV_FS_LINK,
UV_FS_SYMLINK,
UV_FS_READLINK,
UV_FS_CHOWN,
UV_FS_FCHOWN,
UV_FS_REALPATH,
UV_FS_COPYFILE,
UV_FS_LCHOWN,
UV_FS_OPENDIR,
UV_FS_READDIR,
UV_FS_CLOSEDIR
} uv_fs_type;
以上罗列了部分,更多课参考 uv.h(https://github.com/libuv/libuv/blob/v1.x/include/uv.h) 第1089行至1466行