Mysterious Light

题目描述

Snuke is conducting an optical experiment using mirrors and his new invention, the rifle of Mysterious Light.

Three mirrors of length N are set so that they form an equilateral triangle. Let the vertices of the triangle be a,b and c.

Inside the triangle, the rifle is placed at the point p on segment ab such that ap=X. (The size of the rifle is negligible.) Now, the rifle is about to fire a ray of Mysterious Light in the direction of bc.

The ray of Mysterious Light will travel in a straight line, and will be reflected by mirrors, in the same ways as "ordinary" light. There is one major difference, though: it will be also reflected by its own trajectory as if it is a mirror! When the ray comes back to the rifle, the ray will be absorbed.

The following image shows the ray's trajectory where N=5 and X=2.

It can be shown that the ray eventually comes back to the rifle and is absorbed, regardless of the values of N and X. Find the total length of the ray's trajectory.

Constraints
2≦N≦10¹²
1≦X≦N−1
N and X are integers.
Partial Points
300 points will be awarded for passing the test set satisfying N≦1000.
Another 200 points will be awarded for passing the test set without additional constraints.

输入

The input is given from Standard Input in the following format:N X

输出

Print the total length of the ray's trajectory.

样例输入

5 2

样例输出

12

提示

Refer to the image in the Problem Statement section. The total length of the trajectory is 2+3+2+2+1+1+1=12.

题意：射进一束光，光在一个全等三角形中反射。并且走过的光路也会对光形成反射，求光束离开三角形时走的路径。

分析：从进入三角形到第二次反射时走过的路程一定n，接下来的过程就是来回反射画三角形，在长度为n的线上画边长为x的三角形（这里n，x是在变化的），每次分别求一下最多能画几个三角形也就是n/x，走过的路径长就是n/x*x*2（k个三角形*三角形边长x*要走三角形的两条边*2），这样一直递归求解，知道n%x==0时则证明三角形出去了。

#include<stdio.h>
typedef long long ll;
ll solve(ll x,ll n)
{
    ll ans;
    if(n%x==0)
        return n*2-x;
    ans=n/x*x*2+solve(n%x,x);
    return ans;
}
int main()
{
    ll n,x;
    ll ans;

    scanf("%lld%lld",&n,&x);
    ans=solve(x,n-x)+n;
    printf("%lld\n",ans);
    return 0;
}