Android 音频源码分析——音量调节流程

源码分析基于android9.0

一、声音类型

对于大多数手机用户来说，操作手机音量按键可以看到，声音类型分为四种：媒体、铃声、闹钟、通话，但是其系统内部则分为十几种类型。

声⾳类型用来区分不同播放用途及播放设备，包含11中类型

定义在 frameworks/base/media/java/android/media/AudioSystem.java中

/** Used to identify the default audio stream volume */
public static final int STREAM_DEFAULT = -1;
/** Used to identify the volume of audio streams for phone calls */
public static final int STREAM_VOICE_CALL = 0;
/** Used to identify the volume of audio streams for system sounds */
public static final int STREAM_SYSTEM = 1;
/** Used to identify the volume of audio streams for the phone ring and message alerts */
public static final int STREAM_RING = 2;
/** Used to identify the volume of audio streams for music playback */
public static final int STREAM_MUSIC = 3;
/** Used to identify the volume of audio streams for alarms */
public static final int STREAM_ALARM = 4;
/** Used to identify the volume of audio streams for notifications */
public static final int STREAM_NOTIFICATION = 5;
/** Used to identify the volume of audio streams for phone calls when connected on bluetooth */
public static final int STREAM_BLUETOOTH_SCO = 6;
/** Used to identify the volume of audio streams for enforced system sounds in certain
 * countries (e.g camera in Japan) */
public static final int STREAM_SYSTEM_ENFORCED = 7;
/** Used to identify the volume of audio streams for DTMF tones */
public static final int STREAM_DTMF = 8;
/** Used to identify the volume of audio streams exclusively transmitted through the
 *  speaker (TTS) of the device */
public static final int STREAM_TTS = 9;
/** Used to identify the volume of audio streams for accessibility prompts */
public static final int STREAM_ACCESSIBILITY = 10;

虽然是11种类型，但许多是使用相同的音量配置。

在 frameworks/base/services/core/java/com/android/server/audio/AudioService.java

定义声音类型的具体使用类型，通过调节几个类型，从而控制所有的声音的音量。

private final int[] STREAM_VOLUME_ALIAS_DEFAULT = new int[] {
   
    AudioSystem.STREAM_VOICE_CALL,      // STREAM_VOICE_CALL
    AudioSystem.STREAM_RING,            // STREAM_SYSTEM
    AudioSystem.STREAM_RING,            // STREAM_RING
    AudioSystem.STREAM_MUSIC,           // STREAM_MUSIC
    AudioSystem.STREAM_ALARM,           // STREAM_ALARM
    AudioSystem.STREAM_RING,            // STREAM_NOTIFICATION
    AudioSystem.STREAM_BLUETOOTH_SCO,   // STREAM_BLUETOOTH_SCO
    AudioSystem.STREAM_RING,            // STREAM_SYSTEM_ENFORCED
    AudioSystem.STREAM_RING,            // STREAM_DTMF
    AudioSystem.STREAM_MUSIC,           // STREAM_TTS
    AudioSystem.STREAM_MUSIC            // STREAM_ACCESSIBILITY
};

二、音量调节

Android调节音量主要有三种方式：

1. 系统音量按键调节，framework调用AudioService接口
2. 应用层通过AudioManager接口调节；
   adjustStreamVolume 和setStreamVolume等
3. AudioTrack调节音量，使用setVolume接口；

流程图如下：

这里分析下系统音量按键调节流程

framework层调节

PhoneWindowManager可以管理系统的一些按键事件：home键、返回键、Menu键、音量键等。

它接收到音量加减事件，如下函数：

private void dispatchDirectAudioEvent(KeyEvent event) {
   
    if (event.getAction() != KeyEvent.ACTION_DOWN) {
   
        return;
    }
    int keyCode = event.getKeyCode();
    int flags = AudioManager.FLAG_SHOW_UI | AudioManager.FLAG_PLAY_SOUND
            | AudioManager.FLAG_FROM_KEY;
    String pkgName = mContext.getOpPackageName();
    switch (keyCode) {
   
        case KeyEvent.KEYCODE_VOLUME_UP:
            try {
   
                getAudioService().adjustSuggestedStreamVolume(AudioManager.ADJUST_RAISE,
                        AudioManager.USE_DEFAULT_STREAM_TYPE, flags, pkgName, TAG);
            } catch (Exception e) {
   
                Log.e(TAG, "Error dispatching volume up in dispatchTvAudioEvent.", e);
            }
            break;
        case KeyEvent.KEYCODE_VOLUME_DOWN:
            try {
   
                getAudioService().adjustSuggestedStreamVolume(AudioManager.ADJUST_LOWER,
                        AudioManager.USE_DEFAULT_STREAM_TYPE, flags, pkgName, TAG);
            } catch (Exception e) {
   
                Log.e(TAG, "Error dispatching volume down in dispatchTvAudioEvent.", e);
            }
            break;
        case KeyEvent.KEYCODE_VOLUME_MUTE:
            try {
   
                if (event.getRepeatCount() == 0) {
   
                    getAudioService().adjustSuggestedStreamVolume(
                            AudioManager.ADJUST_TOGGLE_MUTE,
                            AudioManager.USE_DEFAULT_STREAM_TYPE, flags, pkgName, TAG);