《python编程从入门到实践》第八章摘要

1.让实参变成可选的

#让实参变成可选的

def get_formatted_name(first_name,last_name,middle_name = ''):
    """"返回整洁的姓名"""
    if middle_name:
        full_name = first_name +' '+ middle_name + ' ' + last_name
    else:
        full_name = first_name + ' ' + last_name
    return full_name.title()

musician = get_formatted_name('li','ming')
print(musician)

musician = get_formatted_name('li','ming','da')
print(musician)

并不是所有人都有中间名，故把中间名的形参放到最后一个。这样不影响默认的位置传递实参。而在返回值（return）把中间名放到中间，不至于出现输出位置顺序混乱的情况。

2.返回字典

#让实参变成可选的

def get_formatted_name(first_name,last_name,middle_name = ''):
    """"返回整洁的姓名"""
    if middle_name:
        full_name = {'first_name:':first_name ,'middle_name: ':middle_name,' last_name : ':last_name}
    else:
        full_name = {'first_name:':first_name ,' last_name : ':last_name}
    return full_name

musician = get_formatted_name('li','ming')
print(musician)

musician = get_formatted_name('li','ming','da')
print(musician)

返回值可以是字典、列表等任意内容。

3.使用任意数量的关键字实参

def build_profile(first,last,**user_info):
    """"创建一个字典，其中包含我们知道的有关用户的一切"""
    profile = {}
    profile['first_name'] = first
    profile['last_name'] = last
    for key,value in user_info.items():
        profile[key] = value
    return profile#返回值还是一个字典

user_profile = build_profile('albert','einstein',
                             location = 'beijing',
                             filed = 'physics')
print(user_profile)