Python数据分析处理库pandas的基本使用

本内容均来自此学习视频https://www.bilibili.com/video/av30300809/?p=8，更详细的内容可直接前往此网站学习。(注：以下代码运行环境为python 2.7)

read_csv()

import pandas
food_info = pandas.read_csv("food_info.csv")
#print(type(food_info))
print food_info.dtypes
'''
NDB_No               int64
Shrt_Desc           object
Water_(g)          float64
Energ_Kcal           int64
Protein_(g)        float64
Lipid_Tot_(g)      float64
Ash_(g)            float64
Carbohydrt_(g)     float64
Fiber_TD_(g)       float64
Sugar_Tot_(g)      float64
Calcium_(mg)       float64
Iron_(mg)          float64
Magnesium_(mg)     float64
Phosphorus_(mg)    float64
Potassium_(mg)     float64
Sodium_(mg)        float64
Zinc_(mg)          float64
Copper_(mg)        float64
Manganese_(mg)     float64
Selenium_(mcg)     float64
Vit_C_(mg)         float64
Thiamin_(mg)       float64
Riboflavin_(mg)    float64
Niacin_(mg)        float64
Vit_B6_(mg)        float64
Vit_B12_(mcg)      float64
Vit_A_IU           float64
Vit_A_RAE          float64
Vit_E_(mg)         float64
Vit_D_mcg          float64
Vit_D_IU           float64
Vit_K_(mcg)        float64
FA_Sat_(g)         float64
FA_Mono_(g)        float64
FA_Poly_(g)        float64
Cholestrl_(mg)     float64
dtype: object
'''
#first_rows = food_info.head()
#print first_rows
#print(food_info.head(3))
#print food_info.columns
print food_info.shape		# (8618, 36)

loc[ ]

#pandas uses zero-indexing
#Series object representing the row at index 0.
#print food_info.loc[0]

# Series object representing the seventh row.
#food_info.loc[6]

# Will throw an error: "KeyError: 'the label [8620] is not in the [index]'"
#food_info.loc[8620]
#The object dtype is equivalent to a string in Python

dtypes

#object - For string values
#int - For integer values
#float - For float values
#datetime - For time values
#bool - For Boolean values
#print(food_info.dtypes)

loc

# Returns a DataFrame containing the rows at indexes 3, 4, 5, and 6.
#food_info.loc[3:6]

# Returns a DataFrame containing the rows at indexes 2, 5, and 10. Either of the following approaches will work.
# Method 1
#two_five_ten = [2,5,10] 
#food_info.loc[two_five_ten]

# Method 2
food_info.loc[[2,5,10]]

# Series object representing the "NDB_No" column.
#ndb_col = food_info["NDB_No"]
#print ndb_col
# Alternatively, you can access a column by passing in a string variable.
#col_name = "NDB_No"
#ndb_col = food_info[col_name]

#columns = ["Zinc_(mg)", "Copper_(mg)"]
#zinc_copper = food_info[columns]
#print zinc_copper
#print zinc_copper
# Skipping the assignment.
#zinc_copper = food_info[["Zinc_(mg)", "Copper_(mg)"]]

#print(food_info.columns)
#print(food_info.head(2))
col_names = food_info.columns.tolist()
#print col_names
gram_columns = []

for c in col_names:
    if c.endswith("(g)"):
        gram_columns.append(c)
gram_df = food_info[gram_columns]
print(gram_df.head(3))
'''
   Water_(g)  Protein_(g)  Lipid_Tot_(g)  Ash_(g)  Carbohydrt_(g)  \
0      15.87         0.85          81.11     2.11            0.06   
1      15.87         0.85          81.11     2.11            0.06   
2       0.24         0.28          99.48     0.00            0.00   

   Fiber_TD_(g)  Sugar_Tot_(g)  FA_Sat_(g)  FA_Mono_(g)  FA_Poly_(g)  
0           0.0           0.06      51.368       21.021        3.043  
1           0.0           0.06      50.489       23.426        3.012  
2           0.0           0.00      61.924       28.732        3.694  
'''

tolist()

import pandas
food_info = pandas.read_csv("food_info.csv")
col_names = food_info.columns.tolist()
print(col_names)
print(food_info.head(3))
'''
['NDB_No', 'Shrt_Desc', 'Water_(g)', 'Energ_Kcal', 'Protein_(g)', 'Lipid_Tot_(g)', 'Ash_(g)', 'Carbohydrt_(g)', 'Fiber_TD_(g)', 'Sugar_Tot_(g)', 'Calcium_(mg)', 'Iron_(mg)', 'Magnesium_(mg)', 'Phosphorus_(mg)', 'Potassium_(mg)', 'Sodium_(mg)', 'Zinc_(mg)', 'Copper_(mg)', 'Manganese_(mg)', 'Selenium_(mcg)', 'Vit_C_(mg)', 'Thiamin_(mg)', 'Riboflavin_(mg)', 'Niacin_(mg)', 'Vit_B6_(mg)', 'Vit_B12_(mcg)', 'Vit_A_IU', 'Vit_A_RAE', 'Vit_E_(mg)', 'Vit_D_mcg', 'Vit_D_IU', 'Vit_K_(mcg)', 'FA_Sat_(g)', 'FA_Mono_(g)', 'FA_Poly_(g)', 'Cholestrl_(mg)']
   NDB_No                 Shrt_Desc  Water_(g)  Energ_Kcal  Protein_(g)  \
0    1001          BUTTER WITH SALT      15.87         717         0.85   
1    1002  BUTTER WHIPPED WITH SALT      15.87         717         0.85   
2    1003      BUTTER OIL ANHYDROUS       0.24         876         0.28   

   Lipid_Tot_(g)  Ash_(g)  Carbohydrt_(g)  Fiber_TD_(g)  Sugar_Tot_(g)  \
0          81.11     2.11            0.06           0.0           0.06   
1          81.11     2.11            0.06           0.0           0.06   
2          99.48     0.00            0.00           0.0           0.00   

        ...        Vit_A_IU  Vit_A_RAE  Vit_E_(mg)  Vit_D_mcg  Vit_D_IU  \
0       ...          2499.0      684.0        2.32        1.5      60.0   
1       ...          2499.0      684.0        2.32        1.5      60.0   
2       ...          3069.0      840.0        2.80        1.8      73.0   

   Vit_K_(mcg)  FA_Sat_(g)  FA_Mono_(g)  FA_Poly_(g)  Cholestrl_(mg)  
0          7.0      51.368       21.021        3.043           215.0  
1          7.0      50.489       23.426        3.012           219.0  
2          8.6      61.924       28.732        3.694           256.0  

[3 rows x 36 columns]
'''