一、UDF函数可以直接应用于select语句,对查询结构做格式化处理后,再输出内容。
二、编写UDF函数的时候需要注意一下几点:
a)自定义UDF需要继承org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.UDF。
b)需要实现evaluate函数,evaluate函数支持重载。
0.要继承org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.exec.UDF类实现evaluate 方法。
public class NationUDF extends UDF {
public static Map<String,String> nationMap = new HashMap<String,String>();
static{
nationMap.put("China", "中国");
nationMap.put("Japan", "小日本");
nationMap.put("USA", "美帝");
}
Text t = new Text();
//1000 sum(income)
//返回值:中国 getNation(nation)
public Text evaluate(Text nation){
String nation_e = nation.toString();
String name = nationMap.get(nation_e);
if(name == null){
name = "火星人";
}
t.set(name);
return t;
}
}
0.1打jar包
右键-->export-->java/jar file-->next-->勾选-->finish;
注:打jar包时,注意jdk版本的问题,centOS的hadoop框架下jdk可以向下兼容,也就说,hadoop框架的jdk版本>=UDFjar的版本。
四、自定义函数调用过程:1.添加jar包(在hive命令行里面执行)
hive> add jar /root/NUDF.jar;
2.创建临时函数(所谓的temporary,就是函数在本会话(此次hive客户端)有效)
hive> create temporary function getNation as 'com.heres.hive.NationUDF';
3.调用
hive> select id, name, getNation(nation) from beauties;
4.利用自定义函数查询结果
hive> select id,name,size,getNation(nation) from beauties order by size desc;
Launching Job 1 out of 1
Number of reduce tasks determined at compile time: 1
In order to change the average load for a reducer (in bytes):
set hive.exec.reducers.bytes.per.reducer=<number>
In order to limit the maximum number of reducers:
set hive.exec.reducers.max=<number>
In order to set a constant number of reducers:
set mapreduce.job.reduces=<number>
Starting Job = job_1494132664539_0002, Tracking URL = http://heres04:8088/proxy/application_1494132664539_0002/
Kill Command = /heres/hadoop-2.2.0/bin/hadoop job -kill job_1494132664539_0002
Hadoop job information for Stage-1: number of mappers: 1; number of reducers: 1
2017-05-07 13:03:37,424 Stage-1 map = 0%, reduce = 0%
2017-05-07 13:03:51,342 Stage-1 map = 100%, reduce = 0%, Cumulative CPU 2.57 sec
2017-05-07 13:04:00,996 Stage-1 map = 100%, reduce = 100%, Cumulative CPU 4.41 sec
MapReduce Total cumulative CPU time: 4 seconds 410 msec
Ended Job = job_1494132664539_0002
MapReduce Jobs Launched:
Job 0: Map: 1 Reduce: 1 Cumulative CPU: 4.41 sec HDFS Read: 328 HDFS Write: 160 SUCCESS
Total MapReduce CPU Time Spent: 4 seconds 410 msec
OK
1 bgyjy 56.6565 小日本
4 bing 56.56 火星人
3 liu 45.0 火星人
3 ewrwe 43.9 小日本
1 glm 34.0 火星人
2 lina 30.9 火星人
2 jzmb 23.232 小日本
Time taken: 37.869 seconds, Fetched: 7 row(s)
5、将查询结果保存到HDFS中
create table result row format delimited fields terminated by '\t' as select id, getNation(nation) from beauties;
6、销毁临时函数:
hive>DROP TEMPORARY FUNCTION getNation;