Qt desigener + python 快速设计前端代码

最新推荐文章于 2024-05-15 08:08:28 发布

Vv____vV

最新推荐文章于 2024-05-15 08:08:28 发布

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文章标签： qt 开发语言

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/Vv____vV/article/details/123580004

版权

成果图：

1.下载QT designer

下载链接：https://build-system.fman.io/qt-designer-download

2.开始设计

2.1新建窗口，按默认设置，直接点击create即可，因为全都是可以调的，不用担心。

2.2创建组件，直接从左边拖拽组件到窗口界面即可

2.3修改组件属性

1)选中某个组件，右键，点击change styleSheet…

2)像写css一样编写即可，点击apply或者ok就可应用。

常用属性：

背景颜色	background-color: white;
边框粗细和颜色	border: 1px solid #A6A6A6;
边框圆角	border-radius:10px;
字体颜色	color: red;

样例一：

background-color: rgb(236,245,255);
color: #409EFF;
border: 1px solid rgb(179,216,255);
border-radius:12px;

样例二：

background-color:rgb(254,240,240);
border: 1px solid rgb(251,196,196);
border-radius:12px;
color: rgb(245,108,108);

样例三：

background-color: white;
color: black;
border: 1px solid #A6A6A6;
border-radius:12px;

样例四：

background-color:#3a9efd;
background-color:#3a9efd;
border:none;
border-radius:80px;

特殊需求：

1.设置透明度：background-color:rgb(250,250,250,160);第四个数设透明度

2.修改字体：选中组件后，在右边的工具栏找到font，点击…即可修改字体

最后保存，生成.ui文件。

3.ui文件转成py文件

把生成的ui文件放在工作文件夹下面，控制台直接运行（在pycharm的terminal中执行，如果直接cmd可能命令不太一样？我也不知道哦）：

pyuic5 -o xxx.py xxx.ui

如果没有pyuic5的命令，参考以下配置（其实我有点忘了，反正就一直百度Google总能搞出来了，我也不知道当时怎么配置好的，好像看的就是这篇）：

Python+PyQt5+QtDesigner+PyUic+PyRcc（最全安装教程）_sever默默的博客-CSDN博客_pyrcc

4.运行

注意，打开生成的py文件，加上主函数而且得import相应的组件：

from PyQt5 import QtCore, QtGui, QtWidgets
import sys
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import QApplication, QMainWindow, QLineEdit, QVBoxLayout

if __name__ == '__main__':
    app = QApplication(sys.argv)
    myWin = QMainWindow()
    ui = Ui_MainWindow() #Ui_MainWindow 即我们用Qt designer设计生成转化出来的类
    ui.setupUi(myWin)
    myWin.show()
    sys.exit(app.exec_())

5.重写窗口关闭函数

比如在关闭程序之前，我们要释放资源就需要重写关闭函数

class MyWindow(QMainWindow):
    def __init__(self):
        super(MyWindow, self).__init__()

    # 重写close槽函数
    def closeEvent(self,event):
        print("这里我们重写一下主窗口的close方法")
        '''这里可以调用自己的函数，在关闭窗口前会执行'''
        super(MyWindow, self).close()


if __name__ == '__main__':
    app = QApplication(sys.argv)
    myWin = MyWindow() #相应地改成我们重写的类
    ui = Ui_MainWindow()
    ui.setupUi(myWin)
    myWin.show()
    sys.exit(app.exec_())

6.多窗口之间互相调用

红色部分为在单页面基础上添加的内容，请注意加粗部分，多一个括号都会报错

myTip = '' #声明一个全局变量

class Ui_MainWindow(object):
    def setupUi(self, MainWindow): ……
    
    #定义一个点击函数，调用myTip的show方法
    def pop(self):
        global myTip
        myTip.show()

    def retranslateUi(self, MainWindow):
        _translate = QtCore.QCoreApplication.translate
        MainWindow.setWindowTitle(_translate("MainWindow", "MainWindow"))
        MainWindow.setToolTip(_translate("MainWindow", "<html><head/><body><p>hksakdahkjshkdjahskdaks</p></body></html>"))
        self.pushButton_3.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "生成结果"))
        self.pushButton_3.clicked.connect(self.pop)
        self.pushButton.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "选择输入文件"))
        self.pushButton_2.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "选择输出位置"))
        self.label.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "<html><head/><body><p>正在处理中，请稍等……</p></body></html>"))

#下面是我们新设计的窗口类（同Ui_MainWindow一样的方法创建，只要把类名改掉即可）
class Ui_Tip(object):
    def setupUi(self, Form):……
        
    def retranslateUi(self, Form):……
        

class MyWindow(QMainWindow):
    def __init__(self):
        super(MyWindow, self).__init__()

    # 重写close槽函数
    def close(self):
        print("这里我们重写一下主窗口的close方法")
        super(MyWindow, self).close()


if __name__ == '__main__':
    app = QApplication(sys.argv)
    myWin = MyWindow()
    ui = Ui_MainWindow()
    ui.setupUi(myWin)
    myWin.show()

    #创建时不调用show函数，点击才调用
    myTip = MyWindow()
    tip = Ui_Tip()
    tip.setupUi(myTip)
    sys.exit(app.exec_())

7.给窗口添加图标和标题

import PyQt5.QtGui as qg

class Ui_Tip(object):
    def setupUi(self, Form):……

    def retranslateUi(self, Form):
        _translate = QtCore.QCoreApplication.translate
        Form.setWindowIcon(qg.QIcon('error.png')) #图片放在py同级目录下即可
        Form.setWindowTitle(_translate("Form", "填写任意名称"))
        self.label.setText(_translate("Form",
                                      "<html><head/><body><p align=\"center\"><span style=\" font-size:10pt; font-weight:600; color:#ff0000;\">您所选择的目录不存在或为空！</span></p></body></html>"))

完整代码，可直接运行：

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

# Form implementation generated from reading ui file 'hhh.ui'
#
# Created by: PyQt5 UI code generator 5.11.3
#
# WARNING! All changes made in this file will be lost!

from PyQt5 import QtCore, QtGui, QtWidgets
import sys
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import QApplication, QMainWindow, QLineEdit, QVBoxLayout
import PyQt5.QtGui as qg

myTip = ''

class Ui_MainWindow(object):
    def setupUi(self, MainWindow):
        MainWindow.setObjectName("MainWindow")
        MainWindow.resize(612, 391)
        MainWindow.setStyleSheet("background-color:white;")
        self.centralwidget = QtWidgets.QWidget(MainWindow)
        self.centralwidget.setObjectName("centralwidget")
        self.graphicsView = QtWidgets.QGraphicsView(self.centralwidget)
        self.graphicsView.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(-20, -50, 221, 221))
        self.graphicsView.setStyleSheet("background-color:#3a9efd;\n"
"background-color:#3a9efd;\n"
"border:none;\n"
"border-radius:110px;\n"
"\n"
"")
        self.graphicsView.setObjectName("graphicsView")
        self.pushButton_3 = QtWidgets.QPushButton(self.centralwidget)
        self.pushButton_3.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(250, 250, 111, 31))
        font = QtGui.QFont()
        font.setFamily("微软雅黑")
        font.setPointSize(10)
        font.setBold(False)
        font.setWeight(50)
        self.pushButton_3.setFont(font)
        self.pushButton_3.setStyleSheet("background-color: white;\n"
"color: black;\n"
"border: 1px solid #A6A6A6;\n"
"border-radius:12px;\n"
"")
        self.pushButton_3.setObjectName("pushButton_3")
        self.pushButton = QtWidgets.QPushButton(self.centralwidget)
        self.pushButton.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(80, 140, 121, 31))
        font = QtGui.QFont()
        font.setFamily("微软雅黑")
        font.setPointSize(10)
        font.setBold(False)
        font.setWeight(50)
        self.pushButton.setFont(font)
        self.pushButton.setStyleSheet("background-color: white;\n"
"border: 1px solid #A6A6A6;\n"
"border-radius:10px;\n"
"")
        self.pushButton.setObjectName("pushButton")
        self.pushButton_2 = QtWidgets.QPushButton(self.centralwidget)
        self.pushButton_2.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(80, 190, 121, 31))
        font = QtGui.QFont()
        font.setFamily("微软雅黑")
        font.setPointSize(10)
        font.setBold(False)
        font.setWeight(50)
        self.pushButton_2.setFont(font)
        self.pushButton_2.setStyleSheet("background-color: white;\n"
"border: 1px solid #A6A6A6;\n"
"border-radius:10px;\n"
"")
        self.pushButton_2.setObjectName("pushButton_2")
        self.graphicsView_2 = QtWidgets.QGraphicsView(self.centralwidget)
        self.graphicsView_2.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(-10, -70, 641, 541))
        self.graphicsView_2.setStyleSheet("background-color:rgb(250,250,250,160);\n"
"\n"
"border: 1px solid #A6A6A6;\n"
"border-radius:10px;\n"
"")
        self.graphicsView_2.setObjectName("graphicsView_2")
        self.graphicsView_4 = QtWidgets.QGraphicsView(self.centralwidget)
        self.graphicsView_4.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(-40, 30, 121, 121))
        self.graphicsView_4.setStyleSheet("background-color:#00BFFF;\n"
"border:none;\n"
"border-radius:60px;\n"
"\n"
"")
        self.graphicsView_4.setObjectName("graphicsView_4")
        self.graphicsView_5 = QtWidgets.QGraphicsView(self.centralwidget)
        self.graphicsView_5.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(490, 260, 161, 161))
        self.graphicsView_5.setStyleSheet("background-color:#3a9efd;\n"
"background-color:#3a9efd;\n"
"border:none;\n"
"border-radius:80px;\n"
"\n"
"")
        self.graphicsView_5.setObjectName("graphicsView_5")
        self.graphicsView_6 = QtWidgets.QGraphicsView(self.centralwidget)
        self.graphicsView_6.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(150, -10, 81, 81))
        self.graphicsView_6.setStyleSheet("background-color:#C6E2FF;\n"
"border:none;\n"
"border-radius:40px;\n"
"\n"
"")
        self.graphicsView_6.setObjectName("graphicsView_6")
        self.lineEdit = QtWidgets.QLineEdit(self.centralwidget)
        self.lineEdit.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(210, 140, 321, 31))
        self.lineEdit.setStyleSheet("background-color: white;\n"
"border: 1px solid #A6A6A6;\n"
"border-radius:10px;\n"
"")
        self.lineEdit.setText("")
        self.lineEdit.setObjectName("lineEdit")
        self.lineEdit_2 = QtWidgets.QLineEdit(self.centralwidget)
        self.lineEdit_2.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(210, 190, 321, 31))
        self.lineEdit_2.setStyleSheet("background-color: white;\n"
"border: 1px solid #A6A6A6;\n"
"border-radius:10px;\n"
"")
        self.lineEdit_2.setText("")
        self.lineEdit_2.setObjectName("lineEdit_2")
        self.label = QtWidgets.QLabel(self.centralwidget)
        self.label.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(90, 300, 401, 21))
        font = QtGui.QFont()
        font.setFamily("微软雅黑")
        self.label.setFont(font)
        self.label.setObjectName("label")
        self.graphicsView_2.raise_()
        self.pushButton_3.raise_()
        self.pushButton_2.raise_()
        self.graphicsView.raise_()
        self.graphicsView_4.raise_()
        self.graphicsView_6.raise_()
        self.pushButton.raise_()
        self.graphicsView_5.raise_()
        self.lineEdit.raise_()
        self.lineEdit_2.raise_()
        self.label.raise_()
        MainWindow.setCentralWidget(self.centralwidget)
        self.menubar = QtWidgets.QMenuBar(MainWindow)
        self.menubar.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(0, 0, 612, 26))
        self.menubar.setObjectName("menubar")
        MainWindow.setMenuBar(self.menubar)
        self.statusbar = QtWidgets.QStatusBar(MainWindow)
        self.statusbar.setObjectName("statusbar")
        MainWindow.setStatusBar(self.statusbar)

        self.retranslateUi(MainWindow)
        QtCore.QMetaObject.connectSlotsByName(MainWindow)

    def pop(self):
        global myTip
        myTip.show()

    def retranslateUi(self, MainWindow):
        _translate = QtCore.QCoreApplication.translate
        MainWindow.setWindowTitle(_translate("MainWindow", "MainWindow"))
        MainWindow.setToolTip(_translate("MainWindow", "<html><head/><body><p>hksakdahkjshkdjahskdaks</p></body></html>"))
        self.pushButton_3.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "生成结果"))
        self.pushButton_3.clicked.connect(self.pop)
        self.pushButton.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "选择输入文件"))
        self.pushButton_2.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "选择输出位置"))
        self.label.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "<html><head/><body><p>正在处理中，请稍等……</p></body></html>"))

class Ui_Tip(object):
    def setupUi(self, Form):
        Form.setObjectName("Form")
        Form.resize(283, 104)
        Form.setStyleSheet("background-color:white")
        self.label = QtWidgets.QLabel(Form)
        self.label.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(30, 40, 241, 31))
        font = QtGui.QFont()
        font.setFamily("微软雅黑")
        self.label.setFont(font)
        self.label.setStyleSheet("QFont font(\"Microsoft YaHei\", 10, 75);")
        self.label.setObjectName("label")

        self.retranslateUi(Form)
        QtCore.QMetaObject.connectSlotsByName(Form)

    def retranslateUi(self, Form):
        _translate = QtCore.QCoreApplication.translate
        Form.setWindowIcon(qg.QIcon('error.png'))
        Form.setWindowTitle(_translate("Form", "Error"))
        self.label.setText(_translate("Form",
                                      "<html><head/><body><p align=\"center\"><span style=\" font-size:10pt; font-weight:600; color:#ff0000;\">您所选择的目录不存在或为空！</span></p></body></html>"))



class MyWindow(QMainWindow):
    def __init__(self):
        super(MyWindow, self).__init__()

    # 重写close槽函数
    def close(self):
        print("这里我们重写一下主窗口的close方法")
        super(MyWindow, self).close()


if __name__ == '__main__':
    app = QApplication(sys.argv)
    myWin = MyWindow()
    ui = Ui_MainWindow()
    ui.setupUi(myWin)
    myWin.show()

    myTip = MyWindow()
    tip = Ui_Tip()
    tip.setupUi(myTip)
    sys.exit(app.exec_())

*界面卡顿，出现无响应，变白

请使用多线程编程！

来源：Python3 多线程 | 菜鸟教程

简单方法：

#!/usr/bin/python3

import _thread
import time

# 为线程定义一个函数
def print_time( threadName, delay):
   count = 0
   while count < 5:
      time.sleep(delay)
      count += 1
      print ("%s: %s" % ( threadName, time.ctime(time.time()) ))

# 创建两个线程
try:
   _thread.start_new_thread( print_time, ("Thread-1", 2, ) )
   _thread.start_new_thread( print_time, ("Thread-2", 4, ) )
except:
   print ("Error: 无法启动线程")

while 1:
   pass

实用方法（简单方法可能没办法终止线程）：

import threading

#自定义一个类，名字自己起，定义下面三个函数（函数名不可改）
class DownThread:
    def __init__(self):
        self._running = True

    def terminate(self):
        self._running = False

    def run(self):
        while self._running:
            '''方法'''
            #self._running = False（这句话看实际需要）

#创建线程方法：
c = DownThread()
t = threading.Thread(target=c.run, args=())
t.start()

#终止线程方法
c.terminate()