1、静态申请字符类设备号
目的:静态申请字符类设备号
头文件:include/linux/fs.h
(1)静态申请字符设备编号:int register_chrdev_region(dev_t, unsigned, const char *);
* 参数一dev_t // 设备号
* 参数二unsigned // 次设备号的数量
* 参数三char * // 设备名称
其中dev_t设备号:
* 头文件:include/linux/cdev.h
* cdev类型是是字符设备描述的结构
* 其中的设备号必须用“dev_t”类型来描述,高12位为主设备号,低20位为次设备号
* 在include/linux/kdev_t.h头文件中有一系列设备号处理的宏命令,用于处理各种设备号相关的数据,如MKDEV
(2)卸载驱动时使用:void unregister_chrdev_region(dev_t, unsigned);
* 参数一dev_t // 设备号
* 参数二unsigned // 次设备号的数量
加载运行:
使用命令“cat /proc/devices”查看已经被注册的主设备
insmod module_cdev.ko numdev_major=9 numdev_minor=0
rmmod request_cdev_num numdev_major=9 numdev_minor=0
相关代码:
#include <linux/init.h>
#include <linux/module.h>
#include <linux/moduleparam.h>
#include <linux/stat.h>
#include <linux/fs.h>
#include <linux/kdev_t.h>
#include <linux/cdev.h>
#define DEVICE_NAME "scdev"
#define DEVICE_MINOR_NUM 2
#define DEV_MAJOR 0
#define DEV_MINIOR 0
MODULE_LICENSE("Dual BSD/GPL");
MODULE_AUTHOR("LSQ");
int numdev_major = DEV_MAJOR;
int numdev_minor = DEV_MINIOR;
module_param(numdev_major, int, S_IRUSR);
module_param(numdev_minor, int, S_IRUSR);
static int scdev_init(void)
{
int ret = 0;
dev_t num_dev;
printk(KERN_EMERG "numdev_major is %d\n",numdev_major);
printk(KERN_EMERG "numdev_minor is %d\n",numdev_minor);
if(numdev_major)
{
num_dev = MKDEV(numdev_major, numdev_minor);
ret = register_chrdev_region(num_dev, DEVICE_MINOR_NUM, DEVICE_NAME);
printk(KERN_EMERG "num_dev is %d\n", num_dev);
}
else
{
printk(KERN_EMERG "numdev_major %d is failed!\n",numdev_major);
}
if(ret < 0)
{
printk(KERN_EMERG "register_chrdev_region req %d is failed!\n", numdev_major);
}
printk(KERN_EMERG "scdev enter!\n");
return 0;
}
static void scdev_exit(void)
{
printk(KERN_EMERG "scdev exit!\n");
unregister_chrdev_region(MKDEV(numdev_major, numdev_minor), DEVICE_MINOR_NUM);
}
module_init(scdev_init);
module_exit(scdev_exit);
2、动态申请字符类设备号
目的:动态申请字符类设备号
头文件:include/linux/fs.h
(1)动态分配主次设备号:int alloc_chrdev_region(dev_t *, unsigned, unsigned, const char *);
* 参数一dev_t // 存放设备号地址
* 参数二unsigned // 次设备号
* 参数三unsigned // 次设备号的数量
* 参数四char * // 设备名称
*可用宏定义MAJOR提取dev_t数据中的主设备号
(2)卸载驱动时使用:void unregister_chrdev_region(dev_t, unsigned);
* 参数一dev_t // 设备号
* 参数二unsigned // 次设备号的数量
加载运行:
使用命令“cat /proc/devices”查看已经被注册的主设备
动态加载模块之后再查看设备号
相关代码:(根据上面静态申请修改,所以还有静态申请)
#include <linux/init.h>
#include <linux/module.h>
#include <linux/moduleparam.h>
#include <linux/stat.h>
#include <linux/fs.h>
#include <linux/kdev_t.h>
#include <linux/cdev.h>
#define DEVICE_NAME "ascdev"
#define DEVICE_MINOR_NUM 2
#define DEV_MAJOR 0
#define DEV_MINIOR 0
MODULE_LICENSE("Dual BSD/GPL");
MODULE_AUTHOR("LSQ");
int numdev_major = DEV_MAJOR;
int numdev_minor = DEV_MINIOR;
module_param(numdev_major, int, S_IRUSR);
module_param(numdev_minor, int, S_IRUSR);
static int scdev_init(void)
{
int ret = 0;
dev_t num_dev;
printk(KERN_EMERG "numdev_major is %d\n",numdev_major);
printk(KERN_EMERG "numdev_minor is %d\n",numdev_minor);
if(numdev_major)
{
// static
num_dev = MKDEV(numdev_major, numdev_minor);
ret = register_chrdev_region(num_dev, DEVICE_MINOR_NUM, DEVICE_NAME);
printk(KERN_EMERG "num_dev is %d\n", num_dev);
}
else
{
// alloc
ret = alloc_chrdev_region(&num_dev, numdev_minor, DEVICE_MINOR_NUM, DEVICE_NAME);
numdev_major = MAJOR(num_dev);
printk(KERN_EMERG "adev_region req %d !\n", numdev_major);
}
if(ret < 0)
{
printk(KERN_EMERG "register_chrdev_region req %d is failed!\n", numdev_major);
}
printk(KERN_EMERG "scdev enter!\n");
return 0;
}
static void scdev_exit(void)
{
printk(KERN_EMERG "scdev exit!\n");
unregister_chrdev_region(MKDEV(numdev_major, numdev_minor), DEVICE_MINOR_NUM);
}
module_init(scdev_init);
module_exit(scdev_exit);