其他istream类方法(get(),getline(),ignore())

get(char&) 和 get()

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简介：

代码：

#include <iostream>

using namespace std;

int main(int argc, char const *argv[])
{
    /*
    get(char&) 将输入的字符赋给其参数（不会跳过空字符————空格、制表符、换行符）
    */
    char c1, c2, c3;
    cin.get(c1).get(c2).get(c3);
    cout << c1 << c2 << c3 << endl; //可以拼接使用

    /*
    get(void) 将输入字符转换为整型（通常是int）
    注意：get(void)的返回值不是cin，而是int，因此不能拼接使用
    */
    int i;
    i = cin.get();
    cout << i << endl;
    i = cin.get(c1).get(c2).get(c3).get(); //valid get()虽然不能拼接使用，但是它可以放在最后
    cout << c1 << c2 << c3 << i << endl;
    cout << EOF;
    return 0;
}

输出：

ABCDEFGH
ABC
68
EFG72
-1

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getline()和get()

• istream & get(char *, int, char);
• istream & get(char *, int);
• istream & getline(char *, int, char);
• istream & getline(char *, int);

两者的区别：get()将分界字符留在输入队列中，而getline()不保留

代码：

#include <iostream>

using namespace std;

int main(int argc, char const *argv[])
{
    const int Limit = 255;

    char input[Limit];

    cout << "Enter a string for getline() processing:\n";
    cin.getline(input, Limit, '#');
    cout << "Here is your input:\n";
    cout << input << "\nDone with phase 1\n";

    char ch;
    cin.get(ch);
    cout << "The next input character is " << ch << endl;//getline()函数将丢弃输入中的分界字符#

    if (ch != '\n')
        // 读取并丢弃接下来的Limit个字符或直到到达第一个换行符 
        // 默认参数(1,EOF)
        cin.ignore(Limit, '\n'); 

    cout << "Enter a string for get() processing:\n";
    cin.get(input, Limit, '#');
    cout << "Here is your input:\n";
    cout << input << "\nDone with phase 2\n";

    cin.get(ch);
    cout << "The next input character is " << ch << endl;//get()函数不会丢弃输入中的分界字符#

    return 0;
}

输出：

Enter a string for getline() processing:
I am a handsome boy!
you know? #hhhh
Here is your input:
I am a handsome boy!
you know?
Done with phase 1
The next input character is h
Enter a string for get() processing:
I am a handsome boy!
you know? #hhhh
Here is your input:
I am a handsome boy!
you know?
Done with phase 2
The next input character is #