struct*数组 初始化

遇到一次struct*数组忘记初始化的bug，记录一下。

原代码

下面是有问题的代码：

struct Res{
    int n;
    int *c,*id;
    Res(){
        n=0;c=id=nullptr;
    }
};
void task(struct Res *res){
    int n=10;
    int *c = new int[n];
    int *id = new int[n];
    for(int i=0;i<n;i++){
        c[i]=i;
        id[i]=2*i;
    }
    res->n = n;
    res->c = c;
    res->id = id;
}
int main()
{
    struct Res **r = new Res*[10];//并没有初始化
    task(r[0]);
    
    cout<<"n="<<r[0]->n<<"\n";
    for(int i=0;i<r[0]->n;i++)
        cout<<r[0]->c[i]<<" ";
    cout<<"\n";
    for (int i = 0; i < r[0]->n; i++)
        cout << r[0]->id[i] << " ";
    cout << "\n";

    for(int i=0;i<10;i++){
        delete[] r[i]->c;
        delete[] r[i]->id;
    }
    delete[] r;

    return 0;
}

问题

new Res*[10]创建的是指针，并没有创建struct，因此没有执行struct初始化

解决

方法一：创建struct*数组后初始化

struct Res{
    int n;
    int *c,*id;
    Res(){
        n=0;c=id=nullptr;
    }
};
void task(struct Res *res){
    int n=10;
    int *c = new int[n];
    int *id = new int[n];
    for(int i=0;i<n;i++){
        c[i]=i;
        id[i]=2*i;
    }
    res->n = n;
    res->c = c;
    res->id = id;
}
int main()
{
    struct Res **r = new Res*[10];//struct*数组
    for(int i=0;i<10;i++)r[i] = new Res(); // Initialize
    task(r[0]);
    
    cout<<"n="<<r[0]->n<<"\n";
    for(int i=0;i<r[0]->n;i++)
        cout<<r[0]->c[i]<<" ";
    cout<<"\n";
    for (int i = 0; i < r[0]->n; i++)
        cout << r[0]->id[i] << " ";
    cout << "\n";

    for(int i=0;i<10;i++){
        delete[] r[i]->c;
        delete[] r[i]->id;
        delete r[i]; // Deallocate each r[i] after deleting c and id
    }
    delete[] r;

    return 0;
}

方法二: 不要使用二重指针

struct Res{
    int n;
    int *c, *id;
    Res(){
        n = 0;
        c = nullptr;
        id = nullptr;
    }
};

void task(struct Res *res){
    int n = 10;
    int *c = new int[n];
    int *id = new int[n];
    for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
    {
        c[i] = i;
        id[i] = 2 * i;
    }
    res->n = n;
    res->c = c;
    res->id = id;
}

int main(){
    struct Res *r = new Res[10];//init struct
    task(&r[0]);
    cout << "n=" << r[0].n << "\n";
    for(int i = 0; i < r[0].n; i++){
        cout << r[0].c[i] << " ";
    }
    cout << "\n";
    for (int i = 0; i < r[0].n; i++){
        cout << r[0].id[i] << " ";
    }
    cout << "\n";

    for(int i = 0; i < 10; i++){
        delete[] r[i].c;
        delete[] r[i].id;
    }
    delete[] r;

    return 0;
}