背景:
写了一个类(嵌套了很多其它类)来保存UI(可编辑)的现场数据。现在有一个需求,就是在UI程序关闭时将这些数据保存起来,等下次UI打开时自动加载这些保存的数据,即恢复UI上次关闭时的状态。即需要一个序列化和反序列化的工具,至于序列化成什么格式不关注,只要反序列化时能恢复当初被序列化对象的所有数据即可,考虑用System.Xml.Serialization.XmlSerializer。
实例说明:
1) 假设想要序列化的类想要序列化的类A包含一个B类对象,和一个C类对象List。其中C是抽象类,有C1和C2两个具体类实现了它。如下图所示:
2) 代码如下:
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Xml;
using System.Xml.Serialization;
using System.IO;
namespace XmlSerializer
{
class ClassDefine
{
}
public class A
{
//B类的属性类
public B B { get; set; }
C类的数组类
//public C[] CArray { get; set; }
public List<C> CList { get; set; }
}
public class B
{
//无参构造函数
public B()
{
}
//有参构造函数
public B(int value)
{
bInt = value;
}
//属性
int bInt;
public int BInt
{
get { return bInt; }
set { bInt = value; }
}
}
//
[System.Xml.Serialization.XmlInclude(typeof(C1)),
System.Xml.Serialization.XmlInclude(typeof(C2))]
public abstract class C
{
}
//抽象C类的实体类
public class C1 : C
{
public int C1_Int { get; set; }
}
public class C2 : C
{
public int C2_Int { get; set; }
}
}
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Xml;
using System.Xml.Serialization;
using System.IO;
namespace XmlSerializer
{
class Program
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
A a = new A();
B b = new B(4);
a.B = b;
List<C> cList = new List<C>();
C1 c1 = new C1();
c1.C1_Int = 6;
cList.Add(c1);
C2 c2 = new C2();
c2.C2_Int = 8;
cList.Add(c2);
a.CList = cList;
//a.CArray = cList.ToArray();
string FileNamePath=AppDomain.CurrentDomain.BaseDirectory + "test1.Bin";
//将a对象 序列化Bin文件
SerilizeAnObject(a, FileNamePath);
//将Bin文件内容反序列化读取
A DeA = new A();
DeA = (A)DeserializerAnOject(DeA.GetType(), FileNamePath);
//显示读取内容
Console.WriteLine("A.B.BInt={0}", DeA.B.BInt); ;
Console.WriteLine("A.CArray.C1.CInt={0}", ((C1)DeA.CList[0]).C1_Int);
Console.WriteLine("A.CArray.C2.CInt={0}", ((C2)DeA.CList[1]).C2_Int);
Console.ReadLine();
}
#region 序列化方法
//序列化对象
private static void SerilizeAnObject(Object obj, string path)
{
System.IO.FileStream fs = new FileStream(path, FileMode.Create);
try
{
System.Xml.Serialization.XmlSerializer xs = new System.Xml.Serialization.XmlSerializer(obj.GetType());
xs.Serialize(fs, obj);
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
Console.WriteLine("SerilizeAnObject Exception: {0}",ex.Message);
}
finally
{
fs.Close();
fs.Dispose();
}
}
#endregion
#region 反序列化方法
private static object DeserializerAnOject(Type type, string path)
{
object obj = null;
System.IO.FileStream fs = new FileStream(path, FileMode.Open);
try
{
System.Xml.XmlReader xr = new XmlTextReader(fs);
System.Xml.Serialization.XmlSerializer xs = new System.Xml.Serialization.XmlSerializer(type);
obj = xs.Deserialize(xr);
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
Console.WriteLine("DeserilizeAnObject Exception: {0}",ex.Message);
}
finally
{
fs.Close();
fs.Dispose();
}
return obj;
}
#endregion
}
}
注意:
1) CList或CArray成员:System.Xml.Serialization.XmlSerializer可以序列化List<>,也可以改用数组C [ ]。
2) 对每个需要被序列化的类,需要类提供无参构造函数。
3) 类C1和C2被序列化:要想序列化以其抽象类的形式出现的具体类,必须在抽象类定义的地方用Attribute:System.Xml.Serialization.XmlInclude来指明该序列化对象时识别类型。