【学习记录】c++中volatile关键字的作用测试

个人学习记录，仅作参考。

// Example program
#include <iostream>
#include <string>

int main()
{
 
  int const volatile a = 10;	//volatile key word
  std::cout << "===[a = 10]===" << std::endl;
  std::cout << " a : " << a << std::endl;
  std::cout << "&a : " << (int *)&a << std::endl; 
  
  int *p = const_cast<int *>(&a);
  *p = 20;
  std::cout << "===[*p = 20]==="<< std::endl;
  std::cout << " a : " << a << std::endl;    // a can be modified by pointer p if use volatile
  std::cout << "&a : " << (int *)&a << std::endl;
  std::cout << "*p : " << *p << std::endl;
  std::cout << " p : " << p << std::endl;
   
  int &r = const_cast<int &>(a);
  r = 30;
  std::cout << "===[r = 30]==="<< std::endl;
  std::cout << " a : " << a << std::endl;   // a can be modified by reference r if use volatile
  std::cout << "&a : " << (int *)&a << std::endl;
  std::cout << "*p : " << *p << std::endl;
  std::cout << " p : " << p << std::endl;
  std::cout << " r : " << r << std::endl;
  std::cout << "&r : " << (int *)&r << std::endl;
  
}

C++在线编译测试

C++中：

1.如果不用volatile关键字修饰const常量，即int const a = 10;，后续访问取自寄存器（默认优化导致）。

• 输出：

===[a = 10]===
 a : 10
&a : 0x7d37b0eabdbc
===[*p = 20]===
 a : 10
&a : 0x7d37b0eabdbc
*p : 20
 p : 0x7d37b0eabdbc
===[r = 30]===
 a : 10
&a : 0x7d37b0eabdbc
*p : 30
 p : 0x7d37b0eabdbc
 r : 30
&r : 0x7d37b0eabdbc

2.如果使用volatile关键字修饰const常量，即int const volatile a = 10;，后续访问取自内存。

• 输出：

===[a = 10]===
 a : 10
&a : 0x7493aadc141c
===[*p = 20]===
 a : 20
&a : 0x7493aadc141c
*p : 20
 p : 0x7493aadc141c
===[r = 30]===
 a : 30
&a : 0x7493aadc141c
*p : 30
 p : 0x7493aadc141c
 r : 30
&r : 0x7493aadc141c