RHCS:
1.du&dh
du:统计文件系统，用户层面(文加目录|链接等)
df:读磁盘块
2.读取大小相同的一个大文件和多个小文件所需要的时间哪个快
3.ospf|lvs(4层)
4.kvm|qemu|libvirtd 工具的区别和差异
kvm:CPU|内存
qemu：IO
libvirtd:虚拟化管理器
5.ls -S 按照大小排序
6.怎么看内存使用量：free -m(解释参数|buff：写缓存|cache：读缓存 )高可用
作用:解决单点故障RHCS|Pacemaker
1.RHCS
http://wzlinux.blog.51cto.com/8021085/1725373
conga->luci(manager) web https://ip:8084 | ricci:1111(agent)
#配置yum源
[root@server1 ~]# cat /etc/yum.repos.d/rhel-source.repo
[Server]
name=Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server
baseurl=http://172.25.66.250/rhel6.5
gpgcheck=0
[HighAvailability]
name=Red Hat Enterprise Linux HighAvailability
baseurl=http://172.25.66.250/rhel6.5/HighAvailability
gpgcheck=0
[LoadBalancer]
name=Red Hat Enterprise Linux LoadBalancer
baseurl=http://172.25.66.250/rhel6.5/LoadBalancer
gpgcheck=0
[ResilientStorage]
name=Red Hat Enterprise Linux ResilientStorage
baseurl=http://172.25.66.250/rhel6.5/ResilientStorage
gpgcheck=0
[ScalableFileSystem]
name=Red Hat Enterprise Linux ScalableFileSystem
baseurl=http://172.25.66.250/rhel6.5/ScalableFileSystem
gpgcheck=0
[root@server1 ~]#
***scp到server2
#server1|server2同步安装ricci|设置开机自启动|初始化密码
[root@server1 ~]# yum install ricci -y
[root@server1 ~]# chkconfig ricci --list
ricci 0:off 1:off 2:off 3:off 4:off 5:off 6:off
[root@server1 ~]# chkconfig ricci on #设置开机自起
[root@server1 ~]# chkconfig ricci --list
ricci 0:off 1:off 2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off
[root@server1 ~]#
[root@server1 ~]# echo westos | passwd --stdin ricci #初始化密码
Changing password for user ricci.
passwd: all authentication tokens updated successfully.
[root@server1 ~]# /etc/init.d/ricci start
Starting system message bus: [ OK ]
Starting oddjobd: [ OK ]
generating SSL certificates... done
Generating NSS database... done
Starting ricci: [ OK ]
[root@server1 ~]#
#server1|server2随便一个节点安装luci
[root@server1 ~]# yum install luci -y
[root@server1 ~]# /etc/init.d/luci start
Adding following auto-detected host IDs (IP addresses/domain names), corresponding to `server1' address, to the configuration of self-managed certificate `/var/lib/luci/etc/cacert.config' (you can change them by editing `/var/lib/luci/etc/cacert.config', removing the generated certificate `/var/lib/luci/certs/host.pem' and restarting luci):
(none suitable found, you can still do it manually as mentioned above)
Generating a 2048 bit RSA private key
writing new private key to '/var/lib/luci/certs/host.pem'
Start luci... [ OK ]
Point your web browser to https://server1:8084 (or equivalent) to access luci
[root@server1 ~]# chkconfig --list luci
luci 0:off 1:off 2:off 3:off 4:off 5:off 6:off
[root@server1 ~]# chkconfig luci on
[root@server1 ~]# chkconfig --list luci
luci 0:off 1:off 2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off
[root@server1 ~]#
****浏览器添加集群服务(Node)
https://server1:8084(此时需要有本地解析)
参考图|或者文档6.5
#查看集群信息
[root@server1 ~]# clustat #安装完成之后，才有此命令
Cluster Status for lucci @ Sat Sep 23 10:43:53 2017
Member Status: Quorate
Member Name ID Status
------ ---- ---- ------
server1 1 Online, Local
server2 2 Online
[root@server1 ~]# Fence Device
emc存储|isasi|nfs
NFS|Fence|IOE
Fence:主要解决脑裂
#物理机上配置fence
[root@foundation66 ~]# rpm -qa|grep fence
fence-virtd-multicast-0.3.2-2.el7.x86_64
fence-virtd-libvirt-0.3.2-2.el7.x86_64
fence-virtd-0.3.2-2.el7.x86_64
[root@foundation66 ~]# ll -d /etc/cluster/
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 26 May 23 14:58 /etc/cluster/
[root@foundation66 ~]# fence_virtd -c
[root@foundation66 ~]# dd if=/dev/urandom of=/etc/cluster/fence_xvm.key bs=128 count=1
1+0 records in
1+0 records out
128 bytes (128 B) copied, 0.00142596 s, 89.8 kB/s
[root@foundation66 ~]# file /etc/cluster/fence_xvm.key
/etc/cluster/fence_xvm.key: data
[root@foundation66 ~]# systemctl restart fence_virtd.service
[root@foundation66 ~]# netstat -anulp | grep :1229
udp 0 0 0.0.0.0:1229 0.0.0.0:* 14721/fence_virtd
[root@foundation66 ~]# scp /etc/cluster/fence_xvm.key root@172.25.66.1:/etc/cluster/
[root@foundation66 ~]# scp /etc/cluster/fence_xvm.key root@172.25.66.2:/etc/cluster/
[root@foundation66 ~]#
*****图形给server1|server2添加fence
先添加fence device
然后给server1|server2添加fence
#虚拟机
[root@server1 cluster]# cat /etc/cluster/cluster.conf #查看fence信息
[root@server1 ~]# fence_node server2 #踢掉server2
fence server2 success
[root@server1 ~]# *****Failover Domains|Resources|Service group
测试
关闭掉两端httpd|集群生效后，自动启动
**会自动添加VIP，自动开启httpd(根据在apache里面定义的资源顺序，决定哪个优先)
[root@server1 ~]# clustat
Cluster Status for lucci @ Sat Sep 23 14:09:28 2017
Member Status: Quorate
Member Name ID Status
------ ---- ---- ------
server1 1 Online, Local, rgmanager
server2 2 Online, rgmanager
Service Name Owner (Last) State
------- ---- ----- ------ -----
service:Apache server1 started
[root@server1 ~]# /etc/init.d/httpd stop
Stopping httpd: [ OK ]
[root@server1 ~]# clustat
Cluster Status for lucci @ Sat Sep 23 14:11:18 2017
Member Status: Quorate
Member Name ID Status
------ ---- ---- ------
server1 1 Online, Local, rgmanager
server2 2 Online, rgmanager
Service Name Owner (Last) State
------- ---- ----- ------ -----
service:Apache server2 started
[root@server2 ~]# ip addr
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 16436 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN
link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
inet6 ::1/128 scope host
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: eth1: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000
link/ether 52:54:00:61:92:98 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 172.25.66.2/24 brd 172.25.66.255 scope global eth1
inet 172.25.66.100/24 scope global secondary eth1
inet6 fe80::5054:ff:fe61:9298/64 scope link
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
[root@server2 ~]#
***当其中一个宕机之后，会发生VIP和服务自动迁移，但是需要一点点时间添加共享存储
开启Server3，添加虚拟磁盘
*服务端
[root@server3 ~]# fdisk -l
[root@server3 ~]# yum install scsi-* -y
[root@server3 tgt]# vim /etc/tgt/targets.conf
…
38
Server1|Server2上
[root@server1 ~]# yum install iscsi-* -y
[root@server1 ~]# /etc/init.d/iscsi start
[root@server1 ~]# iscsiadm -m discovery -t st -p 172.25.66.3
Starting iscsid: [ OK ]
172.25.66.3:3260,1 iqn.2017-09.com.example:server.target1
[root@server1 ~]# iscsiadm -m node -l
Logging in to [iface: default, target: iqn.2017-09.com.example:server.target1, portal: 172.25.66.3,3260] (multiple)
Login to [iface: default, target: iqn.2017-09.com.example:server.target1, portal: 172.25.66.3,3260] successful.
[root@server1 ~]# fdisk -l
*如果导入错误重新修改之后，需要重启客户端iscsi
ext4本地文件系统，不支持集群化，节点不同步LV集群化
[root@server2 ~]# pvcreate /dev/sda
Physical volume "/dev/sda" successfully created
[root@server2 ~]# vgcreate md0 /dev/sda
Clustered volume group "md0" successfully created
[root@server2 ~]# lvcreate -L 2G -n lv0 md0
Logical volume "lv0" created
[root@server2 ~]# lvextend -L +2G /dev/md0/lv0
Extending logical volume lv0 to 4.00 GiB
Logical volume lv0 successfully resized
[root@server2 ~]#
#查看同步
[root@server1 ~]# pvs
PV VG Fmt Attr PSize PFree
/dev/vda2 VolGroup lvm2 a-- 8.51g 0
[root@server1 ~]# pvs
PV VG Fmt Attr PSize PFree
/dev/sda md0 lvm2 a-- 8.00g 8.00g
/dev/vda2 VolGroup lvm2 a-- 8.51g 0
[root@server1 ~]# pvs
PV VG Fmt Attr PSize PFree
/dev/sda md0 lvm2 a-- 8.00g 6.00g
/dev/vda2 VolGroup lvm2 a-- 8.51g 0
[root@server1 ~]# lvs
LV VG Attr LSize Pool Origin Data% Move Log Cpy%Sync Convert
lv_root VolGroup -wi-ao---- 7.61g
lv_swap VolGroup -wi-ao---- 920.00m
lv0 md0 -wi-a----- 2.00g
[root@server1 ~]# lvs
LV VG Attr LSize Pool Origin Data% Move Log Cpy%Sync Convert
lv_root VolGroup -wi-ao---- 7.61g
lv_swap VolGroup -wi-ao---- 920.00m
lv0 md0 -wi-a----- 4.00g
[root@server1 ~]#
***本地文件系统
#两边同时格式化，然后挂载查看
[root@server2 ~]# mkfs.ext4 /dev/md0/lv0 resource添加共享资源
先禁用apache---添加虚拟IP--添加共享存储--添加httpa
[root@server1 ~]# clusvcadm -d Apache
Local machine disabling service:Apache...Success
[root@server1 ~]# clusvcadm -e Apache
Local machine trying to enable service:Apache...Success
service:Apache is now running on server1
[root@server1 ~]# df
Filesystem 1K-blocks Used Available Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/VolGroup-lv_root 7853764 1092548 6362268 15% /
tmpfs 510200 25656 484544 6% /dev/shm
/dev/vda1 495844 33469 436775 8% /boot
/dev/mapper/md0-lv0 4128448 139256 3779480 4% /var/www/html
[root@server1 ~]# vim /var/www/html/index.html
[root@server1 ~]# clustat
Cluster Status for lucci @ Sat Sep 23 16:31:14 2017
Member Status: Quorate
Member Name ID Status
------ ---- ---- ------
server1 1 Online, Local, rgmanager
server2 2 Online, rgmanager
Service Name Owner (Last) State
------- ---- ----- ------ -----
service:Apache server1 started
[root@server1 ~]# ifdown eth0共享存储实现
[root@server2 ~]# clustat
Cluster Status for lucci @ Sat Sep 23 16:31:43 2017
Member Status: Quorate
Member Name ID Status
------ ---- ---- ------
server1 1 Offline
server2 2 Online, Local, rgmanager
Service Name Owner (Last) State
------- ---- ----- ------ -----
service:Apache server2 starting
[root@server2 ~]# gfs2集群文件系统
先移除本地文件系统(先在组里面remove，然后再移除)
[root@server1 ~]# mkfs.gfs2 -j 3 -p lock_dlm -t lucci:mygfs2 /dev/md0/lv0
This will destroy any data on /dev/md0/lv0.
It appears to contain: symbolic link to `../dm-2'
Are you sure you want to proceed? [y/n] y
Device: /dev/md0/lv0
Blocksize: 4096
Device Size 4.00 GB (1048576 blocks)
Filesystem Size: 4.00 GB (1048575 blocks)
Journals: 3
Resource Groups: 16
Locking Protocol: "lock_dlm"
Lock Table: "lucci:mygfs2"
UUID: 69d19ccc-1022-1c13-6c10-852a0e46a1a7
[root@server1 ~]# mount /dev/md0/lv0 /mnt/
[root@server1 mnt]# df
Filesystem 1K-blocks Used Available Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/VolGroup-lv_root 7853764 1090504 6364312 15% /
tmpfs 510200 31816 478384 7% /dev/shm
/dev/vda1 495844 33469 436775 8% /boot
/dev/mapper/md0-lv0 4193856 397148 3796708 10% /mnt正常关闭集群
leave
clustat
delete
会删除配置文件并且屏蔽掉开机自启动项
iscsiadm -m node -u
iscsadm -m node -o delete
删除配置文件
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