数学表达式魔训作业Day5

14. 决策表

Patient	Headache	Temperature	Lymphocyte	Leukocyte	Eosinophil	Heartbeat	Flu
$x_1$	Yes	High	High	High	High	Normal	Yes
$x_2$	Yes	High	Normal	High	High	Abnormal	Yes
$x_3$	Yes	High	High	High	Normal	Abnormal	Yes
$x_4$	No	High	Normal	Normal	Normal	Normal	No
$x_5$	Yes	Normal	Normal	Low	High	Abnormal	No
$x_6$	Yes	Normal	Low	High	Normal	Abnormal	No
$x_7$	Yes	Low	Low	High	Normal	Normal	Yes

Definition 4. A decision system is a 5-tuple $S=(\mathbf{U},\mathbf{C},\mathbf{D},\mathbf{V},I)$, where

• U = { x 1 , x 2 , … , x n } \mathbf{U} = \{x_1, x_2, \dots, x_n\} U={x1​,x2​,…,xn​} is the set of instances,
• C = { a 1 , a 2 , … , a m } \mathbf{C} = \{a_1, a_2, \dots, a_m\} C={a1​,a2​,…,am​} is the set of conditions attributes,
• D = { d 1 , d 2 , … , d l } \mathbf{D} = \{d_1, d_2, \dots, d_l\} D={d1​,d2​,…,dl​} is the set of decisional attributes,
• $\mathbf{V}={\bigcup }_{a\in \mathbf{C}\cup \mathbf{D}}{\mathbf{V}}_a$,
• ${\mathbf{V}}_a$ is the domain of $a\in \mathbf{C}\cup \mathbf{D}$,
• $I:\mathbf{U}\times (\mathbf{C}\cup \mathbf{D})\to \mathbf{V}$ is the information function.

作业：

写出本例中的$\mathbf{U},\mathbf{C},\mathbf{D}和\mathbf{V}$. 注: 最后两个属性为决策属性.
$I$ 是怎么表示的?

U = { x 1 , x 2 , x 3 , x 4 , x 5 , x 6 , x 7 } \mathbf{U} = \{x_1, x_2, x_3, x_4, x_5, x_6, x_7\} U={x1​,x2​,x3​,x4​,x5​,x6​,x7​}
$\mathbf{C}$ = { \{ {Patient, Headache, Temperature, Lymphocyte, Leukocyte, Eosinophil$\}$;
$\mathbf{D}$ = { \{ {Heartbeat, Flu$\}$;
$\mathbf{V}$ = { \{ {Yes, No, High, Low, Abnormal, Normal$\}$.

I ( x 1 , { I(x_1, \{ I(x1​,{yes, High, High, High, High } ) = { \} ) = \{ })={Normal, Yes$\}$.
I ( x 2 , { I(x_2, \{ I(x2​,{yes, High, Normal, High, High } ) = { \} ) = \{ })={Abnormal, Yes$\}$.

定义一个标签分布系统, 即各标签的值不是 0/1, 而是 $[0,1]$ 区间的实数, 且同一对象的标签和为 1.

A label distributes system is a tuple $L=(\mathbf{X},\mathbf{Y})$, where
$\mathbf{X}={\left[x_{ij}\right]}_{n\times m}\in {\mathbb{R}}^{n\times m}$ is the data matrix;
$\mathbf{Y}={\left[y_{ik}\right]}_{n\times l}\in [0,1]$ is the label matrix and ${\sum }_{k=1}^l{y}_{ik}=1$;
$n$ is the number of instances, $m$ is the number of features and $l$ is the number of labels.