形态学操作应用-提取水平与垂直线

VS2017&OPENCV4.0

#include <opencv2/opencv.hpp>
#include <iostream>
#include <opencv2\imgproc\types_c.h>

using namespace cv;
int main(int argc, char** argv) {
	Mat src, dst;
	src = imread("D:\\test.jpg");
	if (!src.data) {
		printf("could not load image...\n");
		return -1;
	}

	char INPUT_WIN[] = "input image";
	char OUTPUT_WIN[] = "result image";
	namedWindow(INPUT_WIN, WINDOW_AUTOSIZE);
	imshow(INPUT_WIN, src);

	Mat gray_src;
	cvtColor(src, gray_src, CV_BGR2GRAY);//改变颜色
	namedWindow("gray image", WINDOW_AUTOSIZE);
	imshow("gray image", gray_src);

	Mat binImg;
	adaptiveThreshold(~gray_src, binImg, 255, ADAPTIVE_THRESH_MEAN_C, THRESH_BINARY, 15, -2);// 转换为二值图像
	/*解析adaptiveThreshold函数：adaptiveThreshold(
Mat src, // 输入的灰度图像
Mat dest, // 二值图像
double maxValue, // 二值图像最大值
int adaptiveMethod // 自适应方法，只能其中之一 – 
		         // ADAPTIVE_THRESH_MEAN_C ， ADAPTIVE_THRESH_GAUSSIAN_C 
int thresholdType,// 阈值类型
int blockSize, // 块大小
double C // 常量C 可以是正数，0，负数
)
*/
	namedWindow("binary image", WINDOW_AUTOSIZE);
	imshow("binary image", binImg);

	// 水平结构元素
	Mat hline = getStructuringElement(MORPH_RECT, Size(src.cols / 16, 1), Point(-1, -1));
	// 垂直结构元素
	Mat vline = getStructuringElement(MORPH_RECT, Size(1, src.rows / 16), Point(-1, -1));
	// 矩形结构
	Mat kernel = getStructuringElement(MORPH_RECT, Size(3, 3), Point(-1, -1));
	
	Mat temp1;
	erode(binImg, temp1, hline);//腐蚀
	dilate(temp1, dst, hline);//膨胀，提取水平
	bitwise_not(dst, dst);
	namedWindow("Final Result1", WINDOW_AUTOSIZE);
	imshow("Final Result1", dst);

	Mat temp2;
	erode(binImg, temp2, vline);//腐蚀
	dilate(temp2, dst, vline);//膨胀，提取垂直
	bitwise_not(dst, dst);
	namedWindow("Final Result2", WINDOW_AUTOSIZE);
	imshow("Final Result2", dst);

	Mat temp3;
	erode(binImg, temp3, kernel);//腐蚀
	dilate(temp3, dst, kernel);//膨胀，去掉干扰项
	bitwise_not(dst, dst);
	namedWindow("Final Result3", WINDOW_AUTOSIZE);
	imshow("Final Result3", dst);

	waitKey(0);
	return 0;
}