高数习题8.4

1. ${\iint }_S(2x+\frac{4}{3}y+z)dS$，S为平面$\frac{x}{2}+\frac{y}{3}+\frac{z}{4}=1$在第一卦限中的部分.
   解：S在$xOy$面的投影：$D:0\le \frac{x}{2}+\frac{y}{3}\le 1$，且$z=4-2x-\frac{4y}{3}$
   $\begin{array}{rl}{\iint }_S(2x+\frac{4}{3}y+z)dS& ={\iint }_{D}4\sqrt{1+(-2{)}^2+(-\frac{4}{3}{)}^2}d\sigma \\ & =\frac{4\sqrt{61}}{3}{\iint }_{D}d\sigma \\ & =\frac{4\sqrt{61}}{3}\ast \frac{2\ast 3}{2}\\ & =4\sqrt{61}\end{array}$
2. ${\iint }_S(y+z)dS$，其中S为平面$y+z=1,x=2$，以及三个坐标平面所围成之立体的表面.
   解：
   画图：
   
   S在$xOy$面的投影：$D_1:0\le y\le 1,0\le x\le 2$，在$yOz$面的投影：$D_2:y+z\le 1,y\ge 0,z\ge 0$，在$xOz$面的投影$D_3:0\le x\le 2,0\le z\le 1$，且$z=1-y$
   将S分成$\{\begin{array}{l}{S}_1:y+z=1,0\le x\le 2,0\le y\le 1\\ S_2:y=0,0\le x\le 2,0\le z\le 1\\ S_3:z=0,0\le y\le 1,0\le x\le 2\\ S_4:x=0,z+y\le 1,y\ge 0,z\ge 0\\ S_5:x=2,z+y\le 1,y\ge 0,z\ge 0\end{array}$
   $\begin{array}{rl}{\iint }_S(y+z)dS& ={\iint }_{S_1}(y+z)dS+{\iint }_{S_2}(y+z)dS+{\iint }_{S_3}(y+z)dS+{\iint }_{S_4}(y+z)dS+{\iint }_{S_5}(y+z)dS\\ & ={\iint }_{D_1}\sqrt{2}d\sigma +{\iint }_{D_3}zd\sigma +{\iint }_{D_1}yd\sigma +{\iint }_{D_2}(y+z)d\sigma +{\iint }_{D_2}(y+z)d\sigma \\ & =2\sqrt{2}+{\int }_0^{2}dx{\int }_0^{1}zdz+{\int }_0^{2}dx{\int }_0^{1}ydy+2{\int }_0^{1}dz{\int }_0^{1-z}(y+z)dy\\ & =2\sqrt{2}+1+1+\frac{2}{3}\\ & =2\sqrt{2}+\frac{8}{3}\end{array}$
3. ${\iint }_S(x+y+z)dS$，S为上半球面$z=\sqrt{a^2-x^2-y^2}$.
   解：S在$xOy$面的投影：$D:x^2+y^2\le a^2$
   $\begin{array}{rl}{\iint }_S(x+y+z)dS& ={\iint }_D(x+y+\sqrt{a^2-x^2-y^2})\sqrt{1+(\frac{-x}{\sqrt{a^2-x^2-y^2}}{)}^2+(\frac{-y}{\sqrt{a^2-x^2-y^2}}{)}^2}d\sigma \\ & ={\iint }_D\frac{a(x+y+\sqrt{a^2-x^2-y^2})}{\sqrt{a^2-x^2-y^2}}d\sigma \\ & ={\iint }_D\frac{ax}{\sqrt{a^2-x^2-y^2}}d\sigma +{\iint }_D\frac{ay}{\sqrt{a^2-x^2-y^2}}d\sigma +{\iint }_{D}ad\sigma \\ & =0+0+{\int }_0^{2\pi }d\theta {\int }_0^{a}ardr\\ & =a^3\pi \end{array}$
4. $\iint (xy+z{)}^{2}dS$，S为球面$x^2+y^2+z^2=R^2$.
   解：S在$xOy$面的投影： D : x 2 + y 2 ≤ R 2 D:x^2+y^2\leq R^2 D:x2+y2≤R2</