《HeadFirst设计模式》学习笔记1-观察者模式

类图

注意问题

ConcreteSubject类内要维护一个Observer队列
ConcreteObserver类内要有一个Subject对象作为引用

代码

主题接口

public interface Subject { 
    public void registerObserver(Observer o); 
    public void removeObserver(Observer o); 
    public void notifyObservers(); 
}

观察者接口

public interface Observer { 
    public void update(float temp, float humidity, float pressure); 
}

布告板接口

public interface DisplayElement { 
    public void display(); 
}

WeatherData实现Subject接口

public class WeatherData implements Subject { 
    //维护一个观察者列表
    private ArrayList observers; 
    private float temperature; 
    private float humidity; 
    private float pressure; 

    public WeatherData() { 
        //为了记住观察者而维护的列表，类比于报刊发行部门的订阅者列表 
        observers = new ArrayList();
    }

    public void registerObserver(Observer o) { 
        observers.add(o); 
    }

    public void removeObserver(Observer o) { 
        int i = observers.indexOf(o); 
        if (i >= 0) { 
            observers.remove(i); 
        } 
    } 

    public void notifyObservers() {
        //这个方法对所有注册的观察者进行通知
        for (int i = 0; i < observers.size(); i++) { 
            Observer observer = (Observer)observers.get(i); 
            observer.update(temperature, humidity, pressure); //推数据 
        }
    } 

    public void measurementsChanged() {
        //这个方法是对notifyObservers的封装 
        notifyObservers(); 
    }

    public void setMeasurements(float temperature, float humidity, float pressure) { 
        this.temperature = temperature; 
        this.humidity = humidity; 
        this.pressure = pressure; 
        measurementsChanged();//这个方法会进而去通知所有的观察者 
    }

    // 其他方法 
    public float getTemperature() { 
        return temperature; 
    } 
    public float getHumidity() { 
        return humidity; 
    } 
    public float getPressure() { 
        return pressure; 
    } 
}

CurrentConditionsDisplay实现Observer和DisplayElement接口

public class CurrentConditionsDisplay implements Observer, DisplayElement { 
    private float temperature; 
    private float humidity; 
    private Subject weatherData;//维护一个主题的引用，注册观察者所用

    public CurrentConditionsDisplay(Subject weatherData) { 
        this.weatherData = weatherData;
        //创建的时候就注册
        //这里也可以不进行这个，而使用 WeatherData 的registerObserver公有方法
        weatherData.registerObserver(this); 
    }

    public void update(float temperature, float humidity, float pressure) {
        //观察者留出的推送接口 
        this.temperature = temperature; 
        this.humidity = humidity; 
        display(); 
    }

    public void display() { 
        System.out.println("Current conditions: " + temperature 
            + "F degrees and " + humidity + "% humidity"); 
    } 
}