企业网三层架构实验

一、实验拓扑

 二、实验要求

1. 内网IP地址172.16.0.0/16合理分配
2. SW1/2之间互为备份
3. VRRP/STP/VLAN/TRUNK均使用
4. 所有PC通过DHCP获取地址

三、实验步骤

1. Eth-Trunk通道（将多个接口逻辑的整合成一个接口，实现带宽叠加的作用）

SW1和SW2起eth-trunk，并划入接口

[sw1]interface Eth-Trunk 0
[sw1-Eth-Trunk0]int g0/0/3
[sw1-GigabitEthernet0/0/3]eth-trunk 0
[sw1-GigabitEthernet0/0/3]int g0/0/4	
[sw1-GigabitEthernet0/0/4]eth-trunk 0

sw2同上

2. 创建VLAN

[sw1]vlan 2
[sw2]vlan 2
[sw3]vlan 2
[sw4]vlan 2

3. trunk干道

[sw1]port-group group-member Eth-Trunk 0 GigabitEthernet 0/0/1 to GigabitEthernet 0/0/2	
[sw1-port-group]port link-type trunk 
[sw1-Eth-Trunk0]port link-type trunk 
[sw1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]port link-type trunk 
[sw1-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]port link-type trunk 
[sw1-port-group]port trunk allow-pass vlan 2
[sw1-Eth-Trunk0]port trunk allow-pass vlan 2
[sw1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]port trunk allow-pass vlan 2
[sw1-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]port trunk allow-pass vlan 2

sw2同上

[sw3]port-group group-member GigabitEthernet 0/0/1 to GigabitEthernet 0/0/2
[sw3-port-group]port link-type trunk 
[sw3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]port link-type trunk 
[sw3-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]port link-type trunk 
[sw3-port-group]port trunk allow-pass vlan 2
[sw3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]port trunk allow-pass vlan 2
[sw3-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]port trunk allow-pass vlan 2

sw4同上

4. 接口划入VLAN

[sw3]int Ethernet0/0/3
[sw3-Ethernet0/0/3]port link-type access 
[sw3-Ethernet0/0/3]port default vlan 1	
[sw3]int Ethernet0/0/4	
[sw3-Ethernet0/0/4]port link-type access 	
[sw3-Ethernet0/0/4]port default vlan 2

sw4同上

5. 配置STP

[sw1]stp enable 	
[sw1]stp region-configuration 
[sw1-mst-region]region-name a
[sw1-mst-region]instance 1 vlan 1	
[sw1-mst-region]instance 2 vlan 2	
[sw1-mst-region]active region-configuration 

sw2/3/4同上

我们需要调整根网桥的位置，让SW1成为组1的主根，组2的备份根，让SW2成为组1的备份根，组2的主根

[sw1]stp instance 1 root primary 
[sw1]stp instance 2 root secondary 

[sw2]stp instance 1 root secondary 
[sw2]stp instance 2 root primary 

在连接终端的接口上设置边缘端口，可以加速

[sw3]int eth0/0/3
[sw3-Ethernet0/0/3]stp edged-port enable 
[sw3-Ethernet0/0/3]int eth0/0/4
[sw3-Ethernet0/0/4]stp edged-port enable 
 
[sw4]int eth0/0/3
[sw4-Ethernet0/0/3]stp edged-port enable 
[sw4-Ethernet0/0/3]int eth0/0/4
[sw4-Ethernet0/0/4]stp edged-port enable 

6. 在sw1和sw2中创建vlan1和vlan2的svi

[sw1]int Vlanif1
[sw1-Vlanif1]ip add 172.16.1.11 24
[sw1]int Vlanif2
[sw1-Vlanif1]ip add 172.16.2.11 24
 
[sw2]int Vlanif1
[sw2-Vlanif1]ip add 172.16.1.12 24
[sw2]int Vlanif2
[sw2-Vlanif1]ip add 172.16.2.12 24

测试

 7. 使用VRRP 协议配置虚拟网关和定义主备设备

[sw1]int Vlanif 1
[sw1-Vlanif1]vrrp vrid 1 virtual-ip 172.16.1.110
[sw1-Vlanif1]vrrp vrid 1 priority 11
[sw1-Vlanif1]vrrp vrid 1 track interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/5 reduced 10
[sw1-Vlanif1]q
[sw1]int Vlanif 2	
[sw1-Vlanif2]vrrp vrid 1 virtual-ip 172.16.2.110

[sw2]int Vlanif 1	
[sw2-Vlanif1]vrrp vrid 1 virtual-ip 172.16.1.110
[sw2-Vlanif1]q
[sw2]int Vlanif 2
[sw2-Vlanif2]vrrp vrid 2 virtual-ip 172.16.2.110
[sw2-Vlanif2]vrrp vrid 2 priority 11
[sw2-Vlanif2]vrrp vrid 2 track interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/5 reduced 10

 

 8. DHCP

[sw1]dhcp enable
[sw1]ip pool v1
[sw1-ip-pool-v1]network 172.16.1.0 mask 24
[sw1-ip-pool-v1]gateway-list 172.16.1.110
[sw1-ip-pool-v1]q	
[sw1]int Vlanif 1	
[sw1-Vlanif1]dhcp select global 
[sw1]int Vlanif 2
[sw1]ip pool v2
[sw1-ip-pool-v2]network 172.16.2.0 mask 24
[sw1-ip-pool-v2]gateway-list 172.16.2.110
[sw1-ip-pool-v2]q	
[sw1]int Vlanif 2
[sw1-Vlanif2]dhcp select global  

[sw2]dhcp enable 
[sw2]ip pool v1
[sw2-ip-pool-v1]network 172.16.1.0 mask 24	
[sw2-ip-pool-v1]gateway-list 172.16.1.110
[sw2-ip-pool-v1]q
[sw2]int Vlanif 1
[sw2-Vlanif1]dhcp select global 
[sw2-Vlanif1]q
[sw2]ip pool v2
[sw2-ip-pool-v2]network 172.16.2.0 mask 24
[sw2-ip-pool-v2]gateway-list 172.16.2.110
[sw2-ip-pool-v2]q	
[sw2]int Vlanif 2
[sw2-Vlanif2]dhcp select global

 

9. 配置路由接口IP 

配公网IP

[r2]int g0/0/0
[r2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 12.1.1.1 24
[r2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int lo0
[r2-LoopBack0]ip add 2.2.2.2 24
[r1]int g0/0/2
[r1-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ip add 12.1.1.2 24

 配私网IP

[r1-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]int g0/0/0
[r1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 172.16.0.1 30
[r1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
[r1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 172.16.0.5 30

10. 使用svi给sw1和sw2的上行链路g0/0/1接口配置ip

[sw1]vlan 3
[sw1-vlan3]q
[sw1]int Vlanif 3
[sw1-Vlanif3]ip add 172.16.0.2 30
[sw1-Vlanif3]int g0/0/5
[sw1-GigabitEthernet0/0/5]port link-type access 
[sw1-GigabitEthernet0/0/5]port default vlan 3

[sw2]vlan 3
[sw2-vlan3]q
[sw2]int Vlanif 3
[sw2-Vlanif3]ip address 172.16.0.6 30
[sw2-Vlanif3]int g0/0/5
[sw2-GigabitEthernet0/0/5]port link-type access 
[sw2-GigabitEthernet0/0/5]port default vlan 3

11. SW1/2和r1启用ospf获取路由

[r1]ospf 1 router-id 1.1.1.1
[r1-ospf-1]ar 0
[r1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255

[sw1]ospf 1 router-id 3.3.3.3
[sw1-ospf-1]ar 0
[sw1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]ne	
[sw1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.0.2 0.0.0.0
[sw1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]q
[sw1-ospf-1]ar 1
[sw1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]network 172.16.1.0 0.0.0.255
[sw1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]network 172.16.2.0 0.0.0.255

[sw2]ospf 1 router-id 4.4.4.4
[sw2-ospf-1]ar 0
[sw2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.0.6 0.0.0.0
[sw2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]q
[sw2-ospf-1]ar 1
[sw2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]network 172.16.1.0 0.0.0.255
[sw2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]network 172.16.2.0 0.0.0.255

 把仅接收不发送路由协议信息的接口调成沉默接口

[sw1-ospf-1]silent-interface g0/0/1
[sw1-ospf-1]silent-interface g0/0/2
[sw1-ospf-1]silent-interface Vlanif 2
 
[sw2-ospf-1]silent-interface g0/0/1
[sw2-ospf-1]silent-interface g0/0/2
[sw2-ospf-1]silent-interface Vlanif 2

 边界路由器需要手动在R1上写一条到达ISP的缺省路由，然后向内网下放一条缺省

[r1]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 12.1.1.1
[r1]ospf 1	
[r1-ospf-1]default-route-advertise

 12. NAT地址转换测试

[r1]acl 2000	
[r1-acl-basic-2000]rule permit source 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255
[r1-acl-basic-2000]q
[r1]int g0/0/2
[r1-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]nat outbound 2000

13. 测试