KATEX公式编辑器符号大全-CSDN的Mardown公式支持

KATEX公式编辑器符号大全-CSDN的Mardown公式支持

  博主最近可烦恼了,CSDN的Mardown支持的是KATEX公式编辑器,虽然和Latex支持的部分符号的命令不支持(需要变换),大部分还是支持的。

  举个例子对于 ∂ \partial 符号,KATEX不支持’\part’而是完整的\partical,有些博文用支持Latex语法的软件打公式复到CSDN就老是要换。

  所以做这个博文的目的是让自己有个参考,某些特殊符号还是以标准的KATEX符号为主。

  要在Mardown中使用KATEX的语法,则使用’$$'包围就成,因为编写分了很多阶段和时间,有错误的地方欢迎指出

强调符号(上标与下标)

效果命令效果命令效果命令
a ′ a' aa' a ~ \tilde{a} a~\tilde{a} g ˚ \mathring{g} g˚\mathring{g}
a ′ ′ a'' aa'' a c ~ \widetilde{ac} ac \widetilde{ac} A B undefined \overgroup{AB} AB \overgroup{AB}
a ′ a^{\prime} aa^{\prime} A B ~ \utilde{AB} AB\utilde{AB} A B undefined \undergroup{AB} AB\undergroup{AB}
a ˊ \acute{a} aˊ\acute{a} F ⃗ \vec{F} F \vec{F} A B ⇒ \Overrightarrow{AB} AB \Overrightarrow{AB}
y ˉ \bar{y} yˉ\bar{y} A B ← \overleftarrow{AB} AB \overleftarrow{AB} A B → \overrightarrow{AB} AB \overrightarrow{AB}
a ˘ \breve{a} a˘\breve{a} A B ← \underleftarrow{AB} AB\underleftarrow{AB} A B → \underrightarrow{AB} AB\underrightarrow{AB}
a ˇ \check{a} aˇ\check{a} a c ↼ \overleftharpoon{ac} ac \overleftharpoon{ac} a c ⇀ \overrightharpoon{ac} ac \overrightharpoon{ac}
a ˙ \dot{a} a˙\dot{a} A B ↔ \overleftrightarrow{AB} AB \overleftrightarrow{AB} A B ⏞ \overbrace{AB} AB \overbrace{AB}
a ¨ \ddot{a} a¨\ddot{a} A B ↔ \underleftrightarrow{AB} AB\underleftrightarrow{AB} A B ⎵ \underbrace{AB} AB\underbrace{AB}
a ˋ \grave{a} aˋ\grave{a} A B ‾ \overline{AB} AB\overline{AB} A B undefined \overlinesegment{AB} AB \overlinesegment{AB}
θ ^ \hat{\theta} θ^\hat{\theta} A B ‾ \underline{AB} AB\underline{AB} A B undefined \underlinesegment{AB} AB\underlinesegment{AB}
a c ^ \widehat{ac} ac \widehat{ac} a c ˇ \widecheck{ac} ac \widecheck{ac}

分界符(括号和箭头)

效果命令效果命令效果命令
( ) ( ) ()( ) ⌈ ⌉ ⌈ ⌉ ⌈ ⌉ [ ] [ ] [][ ]
⌊ ⌋ ⌊ ⌋ ⌊ ⌋ { } \{ \} {}\{ \} ⟨ ⟩ ⟨ ⟩ ⟨ ⟩
| ∥ \| \| ⎰ ⎱ ⎰⎱ ⎰⎱
⟮ ⟯ ⟮ ⟯ ⟮ ⟯ ┌ ┐ ┌ ┐ ┌ ┐ └ ┘ └ ┘ └ ┘
\left. \right. ⟦ ⟧ ⟦ ⟧ ⟦ ⟧ ∣ ∣ \lvert \rvert \lvert \rvert
⟨ ⟩ \lang \rang \lang \rang [ ] \lbrack \rbrack []\lbrack \rbrack { } \lbrace \rbrace {}\lbrace \rbrace
⟨ ⟩ \langle\rangle \langle\rangle ∣ \vert \vert ∥ \Vert \Vert
∥ ∥ \lVert \rVert \lVert \rVert &lt; &gt; \lt \gt <>\lt \gt ⌈ ⌉ \lceil \rceil \lceil \rceil
⌊ ⌋ \lfloor \rfloor \lfloor \rfloor ⎰ ⎱ \lmoustache\rmoustache \lmoustache\rmoustache ⟮ ⟯ \lgroup\rgroup \lgroup\rgroup
┌ ┐ \ulcorner\urcorner \ulcorner\urcorner └ ┘ \llcorner\lrcorner \llcorner\lrcorner ↑ \uparrow \uparrow
↓ \downarrow \downarrow ↕ \updownarrow \updownarrow ⇑ \Uparrow \Uparrow
⇓ \Downarrow \Downarrow ⇕ \Updownarrow \Updownarrow \ \backslash \\backslash

分界符的大小(控制括号的大小)

( A B ) \left(\LARGE{AB}\right) (AB) \left(\LARGE{AB}\right)
( ( ( ( ( ( \big( \Big( \bigg( \Bigg( (((((( \big( \Big( \bigg( \Bigg(

  括号的大小其实很重要,而且KATEX其实本质还算是Latex,只不过目前某些命令不是很支持,但有一个很重要的特性,数学公式可以大得惊人,无论KATEX还是Latex都可以生成不断增大的符号。例如

\sqrt{1+\sqrt{1+\sqrt{1+\sqrt{1+\sqrt{1+\sqrt{1+\sqrt{1+x}}}}}}}

  我没有进行任何的标注变大,然而它随着公式的变大而变大,主要是内容扩展的问题,要将所包含内容,全都包括。

1 + 1 + 1 + 1 + 1 + 1 + 1 + x \sqrt{1+\sqrt{1+\sqrt{1+\sqrt{1+\sqrt{1+\sqrt{1+\sqrt{1+x}}}}}}} 1+1+1+1+1+1+1+x
  对于分界符,也就是括号之类,例如,括号最小是用\scriptstyle修饰。

\displaystyle
\Biggl(\biggl(\Bigl(\bigl(({\scriptstyle({\scriptscriptstyle(\hskip3pt
)})})\bigr)\Bigr)\biggr)\Biggr),
\Biggl\{\biggl\{\Bigl\{\bigl\{\{{\scriptstyle\{{\scriptscriptstyle\{\hskip3pt\}}\}}\}\bigr\}\Bigr\}\biggr\}\Biggr\}

( ( ( ( ( ( ( ) ) ) ) ) ) ) , { { { { { { { } } } } } } } \displaystyle \Biggl(\biggl(\Bigl(\bigl(({\scriptstyle({\scriptscriptstyle(\hskip3pt )})})\bigr)\Bigr)\biggr)\Biggr), \Biggl\{\biggl\{\Bigl\{\bigl\{\{{\scriptstyle\{{\scriptscriptstyle\{\hskip3pt\}}\}}\}\bigr\}\Bigr\}\biggr\}\Biggr\} ((((((())))))),{{{{{{{}}}}}}}

位置单描述左大小描述中大小描述右大小描述
\left\big\bigl\bigm\bigr
\middle\Big\Bigl\Bigm\Bigr
\right\bigg\biggl\biggm\biggr
\Bigg\Biggl\Biggm\Biggr

  \big 分界符只比普通的要大得足以感觉到不同, 但是还是足够小得可在段落的文本中使用,下面是普通与\big的比较。

(\,)\,[\,]\,\{\,\}\,\lfloor\,\rfloor\,\lceil\,\rceil\,\langle\,\rangle
  \,/\,\backslash\,\vert\,\Vert\,\uparrow\,\Uparrow\,\downarrow\,\Downarrow
  \,\updownarrow\,\Updownarrow,\\ \big(\,\big)\,\big[\,\big]\,\big\{\,\big\}\,\big\lfloor
  \,\big\rfloor\,\big\lceil\,\big\rceil\,\big\langle\,\big\rangle
  \,\big/\,\big\backslash\,\big\vert\,\big\Vert\,\big\uparrow\,\big\Uparrow
 \,\big\downarrow\,\big\Downarrow\,\big\updownarrow\,\big\Updownarrow

( &ThinSpace; ) &ThinSpace; [ &ThinSpace; ] &ThinSpace; { &ThinSpace; } &ThinSpace; ⌊ &ThinSpace; ⌋ &ThinSpace; ⌈ &ThinSpace; ⌉ &ThinSpace; ⟨ &ThinSpace; ⟩ &ThinSpace; / &ThinSpace; \ &ThinSpace; ∣ &ThinSpace; ∥ &ThinSpace; ↑ &ThinSpace; ⇑ &ThinSpace; ↓ &ThinSpace; ⇓ &ThinSpace; ↕ &ThinSpace; ⇕ , ( &ThinSpace; ) &ThinSpace; [ &ThinSpace; ] &ThinSpace; { &ThinSpace; } &ThinSpace; ⌊ &ThinSpace; ⌋ &ThinSpace; ⌈ &ThinSpace; ⌉ &ThinSpace; ⟨ &ThinSpace; ⟩ &ThinSpace; / &ThinSpace; \ &ThinSpace; ∣ &ThinSpace; ∥ &ThinSpace; ↑ &ThinSpace; ⇑ &ThinSpace; ↓ &ThinSpace; ⇓ &ThinSpace; ↕ &ThinSpace; ⇕ (\,)\,[\,]\,\{\,\}\,\lfloor\,\rfloor\,\lceil\,\rceil\,\langle\,\rangle \,/\,\backslash\,\vert\,\Vert\,\uparrow\,\Uparrow\,\downarrow\,\Downarrow \,\updownarrow\,\Updownarrow,\\ \big(\,\big)\,\big[\,\big]\,\big\{\,\big\}\,\big\lfloor \,\big\rfloor\,\big\lceil\,\big\rceil\,\big\langle\,\big\rangle \,\big/\,\big\backslash\,\big\vert\,\big\Vert\,\big\uparrow\,\big\Uparrow \,\big\downarrow\,\big\Downarrow\,\big\updownarrow\,\big\Updownarrow ()[]{}/\,()[]{}/\

  通过\Bigl\Bigr 来得到列表公式中的适当大小的符号:,它们比\big 符号大50%。

\Bigl(\,\Bigr)\,\Bigl[\,\Bigr]\,\Bigl\{\,\Bigr\}\,\Bigl\lfloor
  \,\Bigr\rfloor\,\Bigl\lceil\,\Bigr\rceil\,\Bigl\langle\,\Bigr\rangle
  \,\Big/\,\Big\backslash\,\Big\vert\,\Big\Vert\,\Bigm\uparrow\,\Bigm\Uparrow
  \,\Bigm\downarrow\,\Bigm\Downarrow\,\Bigm\updownarrow\,\Bigm\Updownarrow

( &ThinSpace; ) &ThinSpace; [ &ThinSpace; ] &ThinSpace; { &ThinSpace; } &ThinSpace; ⌊ &ThinSpace; ⌋ &ThinSpace; ⌈ &ThinSpace; ⌉ &ThinSpace; ⟨ &ThinSpace; ⟩ &ThinSpace; / &ThinSpace; \ &ThinSpace; ∣ &ThinSpace; ∥ &ThinSpace; ↑ &ThinSpace; ⇑ &ThinSpace; ↓ &ThinSpace; ⇓ &ThinSpace; ↕ &ThinSpace; ⇕ \Bigl(\,\Bigr)\,\Bigl[\,\Bigr]\,\Bigl\{\,\Bigr\}\,\Bigl\lfloor \,\Bigr\rfloor\,\Bigl\lceil\,\Bigr\rceil\,\Bigl\langle\,\Bigr\rangle \,\Big/\,\Big\backslash\,\Big\vert\,\Big\Vert\,\Bigm\uparrow\,\Bigm\Uparrow \,\Bigm\downarrow\,\Bigm\Downarrow\,\Bigm\updownarrow\,\Bigm\Updownarrow ()[]{}/\

  最经常使用的分界符甚至更高(\big 尺寸的两倍); 这样的分界符由\biggl\biggr 构造。

\biggl(\,\biggr)\,\biggl[\,\biggr]\,\biggl\{\,\biggr\}\,\biggl\lfloor
  \,\biggr\rfloor\,\biggl\lceil\,\biggr\rceil\,\biggl\langle\,\biggr\rangle
  \,\bigg/\,\bigg\backslash\,\bigg\vert\,\bigg\Vert\,\biggm\uparrow
  \,\biggm\Uparrow\,\biggm\downarrow\,\biggm\Downarrow\,\biggm\updownarrow
  \,\biggm\Updownarrow

( &ThinSpace; ) &ThinSpace; [ &ThinSpace; ] &ThinSpace; { &ThinSpace; } &ThinSpace; ⌊ &ThinSpace; ⌋ &ThinSpace; ⌈ &ThinSpace; ⌉ &ThinSpace; ⟨ &ThinSpace; ⟩ &ThinSpace; / &ThinSpace; \ &ThinSpace; ∣ &ThinSpace; ∥ &ThinSpace; ↑ &ThinSpace; ⇑ &ThinSpace; ↓ &ThinSpace; ⇓ &ThinSpace; ↕ &ThinSpace; ⇕ \biggl(\,\biggr)\,\biggl[\,\biggr]\,\biggl\{\,\biggr\}\,\biggl\lfloor \,\biggr\rfloor\,\biggl\lceil\,\biggr\rceil\,\biggl\langle\,\biggr\rangle \,\bigg/\,\bigg\backslash\,\bigg\vert\,\bigg\Vert\,\biggm\uparrow \,\biggm\Uparrow\,\biggm\downarrow\,\biggm\Downarrow\,\biggm\updownarrow \,\biggm\Updownarrow ()[]{}/\

  \Biggl\Biggr 的分界符是\bigl\bigr 的2.5 倍。

\Biggl(\,\Biggr)\,\Biggl[\,\Biggr]\,\Biggl\{\,\Biggr\}\,\Biggl\lfloor
  \,\Biggr\rfloor\,\Biggl\lceil\,\Biggr\rceil\,\Biggl\langle\,\Biggr\rangle
  \,\Bigg/\,\Bigg\backslash\,\Bigg\vert\,\Bigg\Vert\,\Biggm\uparrow
  \,\Biggm\Uparrow\,\Biggm\downarrow\,\Biggm\Downarrow\,\Biggm\updownarrow
  \,\Biggm\Updownarrow

( &ThinSpace; ) &ThinSpace; [ &ThinSpace; ] &ThinSpace; { &ThinSpace; } &ThinSpace; ⌊ &ThinSpace; ⌋ &ThinSpace; ⌈ &ThinSpace; ⌉ &ThinSpace; ⟨ &ThinSpace; ⟩ &ThinSpace; / &ThinSpace; \ &ThinSpace; ∣ &ThinSpace; ∥ &ThinSpace; ↑ &ThinSpace; ⇑ &ThinSpace; ↓ &ThinSpace; ⇓ &ThinSpace; ↕ &ThinSpace; ⇕ \Biggl(\,\Biggr)\,\Biggl[\,\Biggr]\,\Biggl\{\,\Biggr\}\,\Biggl\lfloor \,\Biggr\rfloor\,\Biggl\lceil\,\Biggr\rceil\,\Biggl\langle\,\Biggr\rangle \,\Bigg/\,\Bigg\backslash\,\Bigg\vert\,\Bigg\Vert\,\Biggm\uparrow \,\Biggm\Uparrow\,\Biggm\downarrow\,\Biggm\Downarrow\,\Biggm\updownarrow \,\Biggm\Updownarrow ()[]{}/\

  \big\bigg 分界符比\Big\Bigg 分界符更常用。因为超过一行高的公式通常是两行高,而不是 1 1 2 1\over2 21 或 2 1 2 1\over2 21行高。

  \bigm, \Bigm, \biggm\Biggm 分界符, 它们用在公式中央; 这样的分界符起着表示关系的作用, 类似于等号, 所以它两边都有一点间距。

\bigl(x\in A(n)|x\in B(n)\bigr)
\bigl(x\in A(n)\bigm|x\in B(n)\bigr)

( x ∈ A ( n ) ∣ x ∈ B ( n ) ) \bigl(x\in A(n)|x\in B(n)\bigr) (xA(n)xB(n)) ( x ∈ A ( n ) ∣ x ∈ B ( n ) ) \bigl(x\in A(n)\bigm|x\in B(n)\bigr) (xA(n)xB(n))
  没有这个修饰符,可以看见公式中的|一般过矮,如果公式中行占据过高,那么必须用\bigm, \Bigm, \biggm\Biggm|给变高,而且相对美观。

矩阵和多行列式

效果命令效果命令
a b c d \begin{matrix}a &amp; b \\c &amp; d\end{matrix} acbd\begin{matrix}
a & b \\
c & d
\end{matrix}
a b c d \begin{array}{cc}a &amp; b \\c &amp; d\end{array} acbd\begin{array}{cc}
a & b \\
c & d
\end{array}
( a b c d ) \begin{pmatrix} a &amp; b \\c &amp; d\end{pmatrix} (acbd)\begin{pmatrix}
a & b \\
c & d
\end{pmatrix}
[ a b c d ] \begin{bmatrix} a &amp; b \\ c &amp; d\end{bmatrix} [acbd]\begin{bmatrix}
a & b \\
c & d
\end{bmatrix}
∣ a b c d ∣ \begin{vmatrix} a &amp; b \\ c &amp; d\end{vmatrix} acbd\begin{vmatrix}
a & b \\
c & d
\end{vmatrix}
∥ a b c d ∥ \begin{Vmatrix} a &amp; b \\ c &amp; d\end{Vmatrix} acbd\begin{Vmatrix}
a & b \\
c & d
\end{Vmatrix}
[ 0 ⋯ 0 ⋮ ⋱ ⋮ 0 ⋯ 0 ] \begin{bmatrix}0 &amp; \cdots &amp; 0 \\\vdots &amp; \ddots &amp; \vdots \\0 &amp; \cdots &amp; 0\end{bmatrix} 0000\begin{bmatrix}
0 & \cdots & 0 \\
\vdots & \ddots & \vdots \\
0 & \cdots & 0
\end{bmatrix}
( x 11 x 12 … x 21 x 22 … ⋮ ⋮ ⋱ ) \left( \begin{array}{ccc}x_{11} &amp; x_{12} &amp; \ldots \\x_{21} &amp; x_{22} &amp; \ldots \\\vdots &amp; \vdots &amp; \ddots\end{array} \right) x11x21x12x22\left( \begin{array}{ccc}
x_{11} & x_{12} & \ldots \\
x_{21} & x_{22} & \ldots \\
\vdots & \vdots & \ddots
\end{array} \right)
{ a b c d } \begin{Bmatrix} a &amp; b \\ c &amp; d\end{Bmatrix} {acbd}\begin{Bmatrix}
a & b \\
c & d
\end{Bmatrix}
a b c d e f g h i \def\arraystretch{1.5}\begin{array}{c:c:c}a &amp; b &amp; c \\ \hline d &amp; e &amp; f \\\hdashline g &amp; h &amp; i\end{array} adgbehcfi\def\arraystretch{1.5}
\begin{array}{c:c:c}
a & b & c \\ \hline
d & e & f \\
\hdashline
g & h & i
\end{array}
a = b + c d + e = f \begin{aligned}a&amp;=b+c \\d+e&amp;=f\end{aligned} ad+e=b+c=f\begin{aligned}
a&=b+c \\
d+e&=f
\end{aligned}
10 x + 3 y = 2 3 x + 13 y = 4 \begin{alignedat}{2}10&amp;x+ &amp;3&amp;y = 2 \\3&amp;x+&amp;13&amp;y = 4\end{alignedat} 103x+x+313y=2y=4\begin{alignedat}{2}
10&x+ &3&y = 2 \\
3&x+&13&y = 4
\end{alignedat}
a = b e = b + c \begin{gathered}a=b \\e=b+c\end{gathered} a=be=b+c\begin{gathered}
a=b \\
e=b+c
\end{gathered}
x = { a if  b c if  d x = \begin{cases}a &amp;\text{if } b \\c &amp;\text{if } d\end{cases} x={acif bif dx = \begin{cases}
a &\text{if } b \\
c &\text{if } d
\end{cases}
x = { a if  b c if  d x =\begin{dcases}a &amp;\text{if } b \\c &amp;\text{if } d\end{dcases} x={acif bif dx = \begin{dcases}
a &\text{if } b \\
c &\text{if } d
\end{dcases}
a b c d \begin{darray}{cc}a &amp; b \\c &amp; d\end{darray} acbd\begin{darray}{cc}
a & b \\
c & d
\end{darray}

dcasescases在显示 \frac\dfrac不同,例如:
{ 1 2 ( x − 1 ) , x &gt; 1 Γ ( x ) 2 x − 1 , 0 &lt; x &lt; 1 \begin{cases}\frac{1}{2(x-1)}, &amp; x&gt;1 \\\frac{\Gamma(x)}{2^{x-1}}, &amp; 0&lt;x&lt;1\end{cases} {2(x1)1,2x1Γ(x),x>10<x<1 { 1 2 ( x − 1 ) , x &gt; 1 Γ ( x ) 2 x − 1 , 0 &lt; x &lt; 1 \begin{dcases}\frac{1}{2(x-1)}, &amp; x&gt;1 \\\frac{\Gamma(x)}{2^{x-1}}, &amp; 0&lt;x&lt;1\end{dcases} 2(x1)1,2x1Γ(x),x>10<x<1
前缀d 意味着 display
类似的,darrayarray 在显示 \frac\dfrac不同,例如:
1 2 ( x − 1 ) Γ ( x ) 2 x − 1 c d \begin{array}{cc}\frac{1}{2(x-1)} &amp; \frac{\Gamma(x)}{2^{x-1}} \\c &amp; d\end{array} 2(x1)1c2x1Γ(x)d 1 2 ( x − 1 ) Γ ( x ) 2 x − 1 c d \begin{darray}{cc}\frac{1}{2(x-1)} &amp; \frac{\Gamma(x)}{2^{x-1}} \\c &amp; d\end{darray} 2(x1)1c2x1Γ(x)d

矩阵说明

array接受参数在 { } \{\} {},针对每列操作,可以用 ∣ | : : :进行分隔。

\begin{array}{col1 col2 … coln}
item11 & item12 … & item1n\\
item21 & item22 … & item2n\\

...
itemm1 & itemm2 … & itemmn
\end{array}

举个例子。

\begin{array}{c |c|c|c}
a& b&c& d\\
a& b&c& d\\
a& b&c& d
\end{array}

这样每列元素是中间对齐( c ),用 ∣ | 分隔。
a b c d a b c d a b c d \begin{array}{c |c|c|c}a&amp; b&amp;c&amp; d\\a&amp; b&amp;c&amp; d\\a&amp; b&amp;c&amp; d\end{array} aaabbbcccddd
这样每列元素是中间对齐( c ),用 : : :分隔,即虚线。

\begin{array}{c:c:c:c}
a& b&c& d\\
a& b&c& d\\
a& b&c& d
\end{array}

a b c d a b c d a b c d \begin{array}{c:c:c:c}a&amp; b&amp;c&amp; d\\a&amp; b&amp;c&amp; d\\a&amp; b&amp;c&amp; d\end{array} aaabbbcccddd
除此之外,还支持水平线\hline

\begin{array}{|l|cr}
left1 & center1 & right1\\
\hline
d & e & f
\end{array}

l e f t 1 c e n t e r 1 r i g h t 1 d e f \begin{array}{|l|cr}left1 &amp; center1 &amp; right1\\ \hline d &amp; e &amp; f \end{array} left1dcenter1eright1f

除此之外,还支持虚线\hdashline

\begin{array}{|l|cr}left1 & center1 & right1\\
\hdashline
d & e & f
\end{array}

l e f t 1 c e n t e r 1 r i g h t 1 d e f \begin{array}{|l|cr}left1 &amp; center1 &amp; right1\\ \hdashline d &amp; e &amp; f \end{array} left1dcenter1eright1f
对于每列元素排列,分为left-align, center,和right align,分别在 { } \{\} {}中缩写为l,c,r

字母

大写希腊字母

效果命令效果命令效果命令效果命令
A \Alpha A\Alpha B \Beta B\Beta Γ \Gamma Γ\Gamma Δ \Delta Δ\Delta
E \Epsilon E\Epsilon Z \Zeta Z\Zeta H \Eta H\Eta Θ \Theta Θ\Theta
I \Iota I\Iota K \Kappa K\Kappa Λ \Lambda Λ\Lambda M \Mu M\Mu
N \Nu N\Nu Ξ \Xi Ξ\Xi O \Omicron O\Omicron Π \Pi Π\Pi
R \Rho R\Rho Σ \Sigma Σ\Sigma T \Tau T\Tau Υ \Upsilon Υ\Upsilon
Φ \Phi Φ\Phi X \Chi X\Chi Ψ \Psi Ψ\Psi Ω \Omega Ω\Omega
Γ \varGamma Γ\varGamma Δ \varDelta Δ\varDelta Θ \varTheta Θ\varTheta Λ \varLambda Λ\varLambda
Ξ \varXi Ξ\varXi Π \varPi Π\varPi Σ \varSigma Σ\varSigma Υ \varUpsilon Υ\varUpsilon
Φ \varPhi Φ\varPhi Ψ \varPsi Ψ\varPsi Ω \varOmega Ω\varOmega

小写希腊字母

斜体小写希腊字母一般用于在方程中显示变量。

效果命令效果命令效果命令效果命令
α \alpha α\alpha β \beta β\beta γ \gamma γ\gamma δ \delta δ\delta
ϵ \epsilon ϵ\epsilon ζ \zeta ζ\zeta η \eta η\eta θ \theta θ\theta
ι \iota ι\iota κ \kappa κ\kappa λ \lambda λ\lambda μ \mu μ\mu
ν \nu ν\nu ξ \xi ξ\xi ο \omicron ο\omicron π \pi π\pi
ρ \rho ρ\rho σ \sigma σ\sigma τ \tau τ\tau υ \upsilon υ\upsilon
ϕ \phi ϕ\phi χ \chi χ\chi ψ \psi ψ\psi ω \omega ω\omega
ε \varepsilon ε\varepsilon ϰ \varkappa ϰ\varkappa ϑ \vartheta ϑ\vartheta ϑ \thetasym ϑ\thetasym
ϖ \varpi ϖ\varpi ϱ \varrho ϱ\varrho ς \varsigma ς\varsigma φ \varphi φ\varphi
ϝ \digamma ϝ\digamma

其他字母

效果命令效果命令效果命令效果命令
ı \imath ı\imath ∇ \nabla \nabla ℑ \Im \Im R \Reals R\Reals
ȷ \jmath ȷ\jmath ∂ \partial \partial ℑ \image \image ℘ \wp \wp
ℵ \aleph \aleph ⅁ \Game \Game k \Bbbk k\Bbbk ℘ \weierp \weierp
ℵ \alef \alef Ⅎ \Finv \Finv N \N N\N Z \Z Z\Z
ℵ \alefsym \alefsym C \cnums C\cnums N \natnums N\natnums ℶ \beth \beth
R \R R\R C \Complex C\Complex ℷ \gimel \gimel ℓ \ell \ell
ℜ \Re \Re ℜ \real \real ℏ \hbar \hbar ℸ \daleth \daleth
ð \eth ð\eth ℏ \hslash \hslash R \reals R\reals
Œ \text{\OE} Œ\text{\OE} ø \text{\o} ø\text{\o} Ø \text{\O} Ø\text{\O} ß \text{\ss} ß\text{\ss}
ı \text{\i} ı\text{\i} ȷ \text{\j} ȷ\text{\j} A ˚ \text{\AA} A˚\text{\AA} æ \text{\ae} æ\text{\ae}
Æ \text{\AE} Æ\text{\AE} œ \text{\oe} œ\text{\oe}

Unicode数学字母数字符号

默认字体(normal)

命令

\textnormal{ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ}
\textnormal{a,b,c,d,e,f,g,h,i,j,k,l,m,n,o,p,q,r,s,t,u,v,w,x,y,z}
\textnormal{0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9}

显示

ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ \textnormal{ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ} ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ
a,b,c,d,e,f,g,h,i,j,k,l,m,n,o,p,q,r,s,t,u,v,w,x,y,z \textnormal{a,b,c,d,e,f,g,h,i,j,k,l,m,n,o,p,q,r,s,t,u,v,w,x,y,z} a,b,c,d,e,f,g,h,i,j,k,l,m,n,o,p,q,r,s,t,u,v,w,x,y,z
0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9 \textnormal{0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9} 0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9

CSDN的KATEX定制不支持mathnormal,原始KATEX并不支持\normal

roman(罗马体)

命令

\mathrm{ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ}
\textrm{ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ}
\rm{ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ}
\operatorname{ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ}
\mathrm{a,b,c,d,e,f,g,h,i,j,k,l,m,n,o,p,q,r,s,t,u,v,w,x,y,z}
\textrm{a,b,c,d,e,f,g,h,i,j,k,l,m,n,o,p,q,r,s,t,u,v,w,x,y,z}
\rm{a,b,c,d,e,f,g,h,i,j,k,l,m,n,o,p,q,r,s,t,u,v,w,x,y,z}
\operatorname{a,b,c,d,e,f,g,h,i,j,k,l,m,n,o,p,q,r,s,t,u,v,w,x,y,z}
\mathrm{0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9}
\textrm{0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9}
\rm{0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9}
\operatorname{0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9}

显示
A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z \mathrm{ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ} ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ
a,b,c,d,e,f,g,h,i,j,k,l,m,n,o,p,q,r,s,t,u,v,w,x,y,z ⁡ \operatorname{a,b,c,d,e,f,g,h,i,j,k,l,m,n,o,p,q,r,s,t,u,v,w,x,y,z} a,b,c,d,e,f,g,h,i,j,k,l,m,n,o,p,q,r,s,t,u,v,w,x,y,z
0 , 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 \rm{0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9} 0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9

  如果想用罗马字体排版方程中的一部分,不要使用\textrm命令,因为当\textrm 暂时脱离文本模式时字体大小交换机制不起作用。这时可以使用\mathrm 来确保字体大小交换机制起作用。但是需要注意的是,\mathrm 只对于较短的项才起作用。空格仍然不起作用,并且重音字符也不起作用。

Double-struck(双重大写,黑板粗体)

命令

\mathbb{A,B,C,D,E,F,G,H,I,J,K,L,M,N,O,P,Q,R,S,T,U,V,W,X,Y,Z}
\N,\R,\Z,\cnums,\Complex
\mathbb{k},\Bbb k
\Bbb{A,B,C,D,E,F,G,H,I,J,K,L,M,N,O,P,Q,R,S,T,U,V,W,X,Y,Z}

显示
A , B , C , D , E , F , G , H , I , J , K , L , M , N , O , P , Q , R , S , T , U , V , W , X , Y , Z \mathbb{A,B,C,D,E,F,G,H,I,J,K,L,M,N,O,P,Q,R,S,T,U,V,W,X,Y,Z} A,B,C,D,E,F,G,H,I,J,K,L,M,N,O,P,Q,R,S,T,U,V,W,X,Y,Z
N , R , Z , C , C \N,\R,\Z,\cnums,\Complex N,R,Z,C,C
k , k \mathbb{k},\Bbb k k,k

Italic(斜体.意大利斜体)

命令

\mathit{A,B,C,D,E,F,G,H,I,J,K,L,M,N,O,P,Q,R,S,T,U,V,W,X,Y,Z}
\mathit{a,b,c,d,e,f,g,h,i,j,k,l,m,n,o,p,q,r,s,t,u,v,w,x,y,z}
\mathit{0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9}
\textit{A,B,C,D,E,F,G,H,I,J,K,L,M,N,O,P,Q,R,S,T,U,V,W,X,Y,Z}
\textit{a,b,c,d,e,f,g,h,i,j,k,l,m,n,o,p,q,r,s,t,u,v,w,x,y,z}
\textit{0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9}

显示
A , B , C , D , E , F , G , H , I , J , K , L , M , N , O , P , Q , R , S , T , U , V , W , X , Y , Z \mathit{A,B,C,D,E,F,G,H,I,J,K,L,M,N,O,P,Q,R,S,T,U,V,W,X,Y,Z} A,B,C,D,E,F,G,H,I,J,K,L,M,N,O,P,Q,R,S,T,U,V,W,X,Y,Z
a , b , c , d , e , f , g , h , i , j , k , l , m , n , o , p , q , r , s , t , u , v , w , x , y , z \mathit{a,b,c,d,e,f,g,h,i,j,k,l,m,n,o,p,q,r,s,t,u,v,w,x,y,z} a,b,c,d,e,f,g,h,i,j,k,l,m,n,o,p,q,r,s,t,u,v,w,x,y,z
0 , 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 \mathit{0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9} 0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9

Sans serif(无衬线体)

命令

\mathsf{A,B,C,D,E,F,G,H,I,J,K,L,M,N,O,P,Q,R,S,T,U,V,W,X,Y,Z}
\mathsf{a,b,c,d,e,f,g,h,i,j,k,l,m,n,o,p,q,r,s,t,u,v,w,x,y,z}
\textsf{A,B,C,D,E,F,G,H,I,J,K,L,M,N,O,P,Q,R,S,T,U,V,W,X,Y,Z}
\textsf{a,b,c,d,e,f,g,h,i,j,k,l,m,n,o,p,q,r,s,t,u,v,w,x,y,z}

显示
A , B , C , D , E , F , G , H , I , J , K , L , M , N , O , P , Q , R , S , T , U , V , W , X , Y , Z \mathsf{A,B,C,D,E,F,G,H,I,J,K,L,M,N,O,P,Q,R,S,T,U,V,W,X,Y,Z} A,B,C,D,E,F,G,H,I,J,K,L,M,N,O,P,Q,R,S,T,U,V,W,X,Y,Z
a , b , c , d , e , f , g , h , i , j , k , l , m , n , o , p , q , r , s , t , u , v , w , x , y , z \mathsf{a,b,c,d,e,f,g,h,i,j,k,l,m,n,o,p,q,r,s,t,u,v,w,x,y,z} a,b,c,d,e,f,g,h,i,j,k,l,m,n,o,p,q,r,s,t,u,v,w,x,y,z

Bold Italic(粗斜体)

命令

\textbf{\textit{A,B,C,D,E,F,G,H,I,J,K,L,M,N,O,P,Q,R,S,T,U,V,W,X,Y,Z}}
\textit{\textbf{A,B,C,D,E,F,G,H,I,J,K,L,M,N,O,P,Q,R,S,T,U,V,W,X,Y,Z}}
\boldsymbol{A,B,C,D,E,F,G,H,I,J,K,L,M,N,O,P,Q,R,S,T,U,V,W,X,Y,Z}
\bm{A,B,C,D,E,F,G,H,I,J,K,L,M,N,O,P,Q,R,S,T,U,V,W,X,Y,Z}
\textit{\textbf{a,b,c,d,e,f,g,h,i,j,k,l,m,n,o,p,q,r,s,t,u,v,w,x,y,z}}
\textit{\textbf{a,b,c,d,e,f,g,h,i,j,k,l,m,n,o,p,q,r,s,t,u,v,w,x,y,z}}
\boldsymbol{a,b,c,d,e,f,g,h,i,j,k,l,m,n,o,p,q,r,s,t,u,v,w,x,y,z}
\bm{a,b,c,d,e,f,g,h,i,j,k,l,m,n,o,p,q,r,s,t,u,v,w,x,y,z}
\boldsymbol{\alpha,\beta,\gamma,\delta,\epsilon,\zeta,\eta,\theta,\iota,\kappa,\lambda,\mu,\nu,\xi,\omicron,\pi,\rho,\sigma,\tau,\upsilon,\phi,\chi,\psi,\omega,...}
\bm{\alpha,\beta,\gamma,\delta,\epsilon,\zeta,\eta,\theta,\iota,\kappa,\lambda,\mu,\nu,\xi,\omicron,\pi,\rho,\sigma,\tau,\upsilon,\phi,\chi,\psi,\omega,...}

显示
A,B,C,D,E,F,G,H,I,J,K,L,M,N,O,P,Q,R,S,T,U,V,W,X,Y,Z \textbf{\textit{A,B,C,D,E,F,G,H,I,J,K,L,M,N,O,P,Q,R,S,T,U,V,W,X,Y,Z}} A,B,C,D,E,F,G,H,I,J,K,L,M,N,O,P,Q,R,S,T,U,V,W,X,Y,Z
a , b , c , d , e , f , g , h , i , j , k , l , m , n , o , p , q , r , s , t , u , v , w , x , y , z \bm{a,b,c,d,e,f,g,h,i,j,k,l,m,n,o,p,q,r,s,t,u,v,w,x,y,z} a,b,c,d,e,f,g,h,i,j,k,l,m,n,o,p,q,r,s,t,u,v,w,x,y,z
α , β , γ , δ , ϵ , ζ , η , θ , ι , κ , λ , μ , ν , ξ , ο , π , ρ , σ , τ , υ , ϕ , χ , ψ , ω , . . . \bm{\alpha,\beta,\gamma,\delta,\epsilon,\zeta,\eta,\theta,\iota,\kappa,\lambda,\mu,\nu,\xi,\omicron,\pi,\rho,\sigma,\tau,\upsilon,\phi,\chi,\psi,\omega,...} α,β,γ,δ,ϵ,ζ,η,θ,ι,κ,λ,μ,ν,ξ,ο,π,ρ,σ,τ,υ,ϕ,χ,ψ,ω,...

使用\boldsymbol{}\bm{}可以加粗所有合法的符号。

typewriter(打字机体)

命令

\mathtt{ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ}
\texttt{ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ}
\mathtt{a,b,c,d,e,f,g,h,i,j,k,l,m,n,o,p,q,r,s,t,u,v,w,x,y,z}
\texttt{a,b,c,d,e,f,g,h,i,j,k,l,m,n,o,p,q,r,s,t,u,v,w,x,y,z}

显示
A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z \mathtt{ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ} ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ
a,b,c,d,e,f,g,h,i,j,k,l,m,n,o,p,q,r,s,t,u,v,w,x,y,z \texttt{a,b,c,d,e,f,g,h,i,j,k,l,m,n,o,p,q,r,s,t,u,v,w,x,y,z} a,b,c,d,e,f,g,h,i,j,k,l,m,n,o,p,q,r,s,t,u,v,w,x,y,z

calligraphic(书写体)

仅对大写字母有效

\mathcal{ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ}

显示
A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z \mathcal{ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ} ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ

script(手写体)

仅对大写字母有效

\mathscr{ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ}

显示
A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z \mathscr{ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ} ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ

fraktur(哥特体)

命令

\mathfrak{ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ}
\mathfrak{a,b,c,d,e,f,g,h,i,j,k,l,m,n,o,p,q,r,s,t,u,v,w,x,y,z}
\mathfrak{0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9}

显示
A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z \mathfrak{ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ} ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ
a , b , c , d , e , f , g , h , i , j , k , l , m , n , o , p , q , r , s , t , u , v , w , x , y , z \mathfrak{a,b,c,d,e,f,g,h,i,j,k,l,m,n,o,p,q,r,s,t,u,v,w,x,y,z} a,b,c,d,e,f,g,h,i,j,k,l,m,n,o,p,q,r,s,t,u,v,w,x,y,z
0 , 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 \mathfrak{0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9} 0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9

boldface(黑粗体,正粗体)

命令

\mathbf{ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ}
\mathbf{a,b,c,d,e,f,g,h,i,j,k,l,m,n,o,p,q,r,s,t,u,v,w,x,y,z}
\mathbf{0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9}
\bold{A,B,C,D,E,F,G,H,I,J,K,L,M,N,O,P,Q,R,S,T,U,V,W,X,Y,Z}
\bold{0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9}
\bold{a,b,c,d,e,f,g,h,i,j,k,l,m,n,o,p,q,r,s,t,u,v,w,x,y,z}
\textbf{ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ}
\textbf{a,b,c,d,e,f,g,h,i,j,k,l,m,n,o,p,q,r,s,t,u,v,w,x,y,z}
\textbf{0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9}

ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ \textbf{ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ} ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ
a,b,c,d,e,f,g,h,i,j,k,l,m,n,o,p,q,r,s,t,u,v,w,x,y,z \textbf{a,b,c,d,e,f,g,h,i,j,k,l,m,n,o,p,q,r,s,t,u,v,w,x,y,z} a,b,c,d,e,f,g,h,i,j,k,l,m,n,o,p,q,r,s,t,u,v,w,x,y,z
0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9 \textbf{0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9} 0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9

布局(公式或字母上下左右中间关系)

标注符号

效果命令效果命令
A B C \cancel{ABC} ABC \cancel{ABC} a + b + c ⏞ note \overbrace{a+b+c}^{\text{note}} a+b+c note\overbrace{a+b+c}^{\text{note}}
A B C \bcancel{ABC} ABC \bcancel{ABC} a + b + c ⎵ note \underbrace{a+b+c}_{\text{note}} note a+b+c\underbrace{a+b+c}_{\text{note}}
A B C \xcancel{ABC} ABC \xcancel{ABC} ̸ = \not = ̸=\not =
A B C \sout{ABC} ABC\xcancel{ABC} π = c d \boxed{\pi=\frac c d} π=dc\boxed{\pi=\frac c d}

公式编号

公式标注(下面的两个示例,需要左右分别两个$包围)

\tag{hi} x+y^{2x}
 x+y^{2x}\tag{hi}
\tag*{hi} x+y^{2x}

(hi) x + y 2 x \tag{hi} x+y^{2x} x+y2x(hi)
hi x + y 2 x \tag*{hi} x+y^{2x} x+y2xhi

使用\tag给公式编号,在公式前和后都不影响!
\nonumber可以阻止生成编号。

公式换行

当有两个公式,需要换行,可以使用\\\newline

\frac{a}{b}=c\\\frac{d}{e}=f\newline\frac{g}{h}=k

a b = c d e = f g h = k \frac{a}{b}=c\\\frac{d}{e}=f\newline\frac{g}{h}=k ba=ced=fhg=k

垂直布局

效果命令效果命令效果命令效果命令
x n x_n xnx_n a b c a\raisebox{0.25em}{b}c abca\raisebox{0.25em}{b}c u o _u^o uo_u^o = ! \stackrel{!}{=} =!\stackrel{!}{=}
e x e^x exe^x a b a \atop b baa \atop b = ! \underset{!}{=} !=\underset{!}{=} = ! \overset{!}{=} =!\overset{!}{=}

\raisebox的第二个参数可以包含数学,例如\raisebox{0.25em}{$\frac a b$}
a a b b a\raisebox{0.25em}{$\frac a b$}b abab

重叠

效果命令效果命令
= / &ThinSpace; {=}\mathllap{/\,} =/{=}\mathllap{/\,} ( x 2 ) \left(x^{\smash{2}}\right) (x2)\left(x^{\smash{2}}\right)
&ThinSpace; / = \mathrlap{\,/}{=} /=\mathrlap{\,/}{=} y \sqrt{\smash[b]{y}} y \sqrt{\smash[b]{y}}
\sum_{\mathclap{1\le i\le j\le n}} x_{ij}

∑ 1 ≤ i ≤ j ≤ n x i j \sum_{\mathclap{1\le i\le j\le n}} x_{ij} 1ijnxij

\llap, \rlap, 和 \clap仅用于文字,不用于数学公式

间距(字母间空格)

效果命令间隔大小
a &ThinSpace; b a\,b aba\,b³∕₁₈ em space
a &ThinSpace; b a\thinspace b aba\,b³∕₁₈ em space
a &MediumSpace; b a \: b aba\:b⁴∕₁₈ em space
a &MediumSpace; b a \medspace b aba\medspace b⁴∕₁₈ em space
a &ThickSpace; b a\; b aba\; b⁵∕₁₈ em space
a &ThickSpace; b a\thickspace b aba\thickspace b⁵∕₁₈ em space
a b a\enspace b aba\enspace b½ em space
a b a\quad b aba\quad b1 em space
a b a\qquad b aba\qquad b2 em space
a   b a~ b a ba~ b插入不换行空格
a   b a\ b a ba\<space> b插入空格
a   b a\space b a ba\space b空格
a   b a\nobreakspace b a ba\nobreakspace b插入不换行空格
a &NegativeThinSpace; b a\! b aba\! b– ³∕₁₈ em space
a &NegativeThinSpace; b a\negthinspace b aba\negthinspace b– ³∕₁₈ em space
a &NegativeMediumSpace; b a\negmedspace b aba\negmedspace b– ⁴∕₁₈ em space
a &NegativeThickSpace; b a\negthickspace b aba\negthickspace b– ⁵∕₁₈ em space
a b a\kern1em b aba\kern{distance} bspace, width =distance
a b a\mkern1em b aba\mkern{distance} bspace, width =distance
a b a\mskip1em b aba\mskip{distance} bspace, width =distance
a b a\hskip1em b aba\hskip{distance} bspace, width =distance
a b a\hspace1em b aba\hspace{distance} bspace, width =distance
a b a\hspace*1em b aba\hspace*{distance} bspace, width =distance
a x x x x b a\phantom{xxxx} b axxxxba\phantom{xxxx} bspace, width =x的个数
a x x x x b a\hphantom{xxxx} b axxxxba\hphantom{xxxx} bspace, width =x的个数
a x b a\vphantom{x} b axba\vphantom{z} bspace, width =x的高度

distance是距离单位,比如 e m em em

距离单位
效果命令距离大小单位
a b a\kern2em b aba\kern2em b2 emem
a b a\kern3em b aba\kern3em b3 emem
a b a\kern1em b aba\kern1em b1 emem
a b a\kern1ex b aba\kern1ex b1 exex
a &VeryThinSpace; b a\kern1mu b aba\kern1mu b1/18 emem
a b a\kern1pt b aba\kern1pt b1/72.27 inch × F × Gpt
a b a\kern1mm b aba\kern1mm b1 mm × F × Gmm
a b a\kern1cm b aba\kern1cm b1 cm × F × Gcm
a b a\kern1in b aba\kern1in b1 inch × F × Gin
a b a\kern1bp b aba\kern1bp b1/72​ inch × F × Gbp
a b a\kern1pc b aba\kern1pc b12 KaTeX ptpc
a b a\kern1dd b aba\kern1dd b1238/1157​ KaTeX ptdd
a b a\kern1cc b aba\kern1cc b14856/1157 KaTeX ptcc
a b a\kern1nd b aba\kern1nd b685/642 KaTeX ptnd
a b a\kern1nc b aba\kern1nc b1370/107​ KaTeX ptnc
a b a\kern1sp b aba\kern1sp b1/65536 KaTeX ptsp

注意

  • F = (周围HTML文本的字体大小)/(10 pt)
  • G默认是周围字体大小的1.21倍。

单位缩写列表

缩写全称备注
ptpoint
pcpica 1 &ThickSpace; p c = 12 &ThickSpace; p t 1\;pc = 12\;pt 1pc=12pt
ininch 1 &ThickSpace; i n = 72.27 &ThickSpace; p t 1\;in = 72.27\;pt 1in=72.27pt
bpbig point 1 &ThickSpace; i n = 72.27 &ThickSpace; p t 1\;in = 72.27\;pt 1in=72.27pt
cmcentimeter 2.54 &ThickSpace; c m = 1 &ThickSpace; i n 2.54\;cm = 1\;in 2.54cm=1in
mmmillimeter 10 &ThickSpace; m m = 1 &ThickSpace; c m 10\;mm = 1\;cm 10mm=1cm
dddidot point 1157 &ThickSpace; d d = 1238 &ThickSpace; p t 1157\;dd = 1238\;pt 1157dd=1238pt
cccicero 1 &ThickSpace; c c = 12 &ThickSpace; d d 1\;cc = 12\;dd 1cc=12dd
spscaled point 65536 &ThickSpace; s p = 1 &ThickSpace; p t 65536\;sp = 1\;pt 65536sp=1pt

逻辑与集合论符号

效果命令效果命令效果命令效果命令
∀ \forall \forall ∁ \complement \complement ∴ \therefore \therefore ∅ \emptyset \emptyset
∃ \exists \exists ⊂ \subset \subset ∵ \because \because ∅ \empty \empty
∃ \exist \exist ⊃ \supset \supset ↦ \mapsto \mapsto ∅ \varnothing \varnothing
∄ \nexists \nexists ∣ \mid \mid → \to \to &ThickSpace; ⟹ &ThickSpace; \implies \implies
∈ \in \in ∧ \land \land ← \gets \gets &ThickSpace; ⟸ &ThickSpace; \impliedby \impliedby
∈ \isin \isin ∨ \lor \lor ↔ \leftrightarrow \leftrightarrow &ThickSpace; ⟺ &ThickSpace; \iff \iff
∉ \notin /\notin ∋ \ni \ni ∌ \notni ̸\notni ¬ \neg ¬\neg\lnot

运算符

巨符号(积分求和等)

效果命令效果命令效果命令效果命令
∑ \sum \sum ∏ \prod \prod ⨂ \bigotimes \bigotimes ⋁ \bigvee \bigvee
∫ \int \int ∐ \coprod \coprod ⨁ \bigoplus \bigoplus ⋀ \bigwedge \bigwedge
∬ \iint \iint ∫ \intop \intop ⨀ \bigodot \bigodot ⋂ \bigcap \bigcap
∭ \iiint \iiint ∫ \smallint \smallint ⨄ \biguplus \biguplus ⋃ \bigcup \bigcup
∮ \oint \oint ∯ \oiint \oiint ∰ \oiiint \oiiint ⨆ \bigsqcup \bigsqcup

二元运算符

效果命令效果命令效果命令效果命令
+ + ++ ⋅ \cdot \cdot ⋗ \gtrdot \gtrdot x ( m o d a ) x \pmod a x(moda)\bigvee
− - - ⋅ \cdotp \cdotp ⊺ \intercal \intercal x ( a ) x \pod a x(a)x \pod a
/ / // ⋅ \centerdot \centerdot ∧ \land \land ⊳ \rhd \rhd
∗ * * ∘ \circ \circ ⋋ \leftthreetimes \leftthreetimes ⋌ \rightthreetimes \rightthreetimes
⨿ \amalg ⨿\amalg ⊛ \circledast \circledast . \ldotp .\ldotp ⋊ \rtimes \rtimes
&amp; \And &\And ⊚ \circledcirc \circledcirc ∨ \lor \lor ∖ \setminus \setminus
∗ \ast \ast ⊝ \circleddash \circleddash ⋖ \lessdot \lessdot ∖ \smallsetminus \smallsetminus
⊼ \barwedge \barwedge ⋓ \Cup \Cup ⊲ \lhd \lhd ⊓ \sqcap \sqcap
◯ \bigcirc \bigcirc ∪ \cup \cup ⋉ \ltimes \ltimes ⊔ \sqcup \sqcup
&VeryThinSpace; m o d &VeryThinSpace; \bmod mod\bmod ⋎ \curlyvee \curlyvee x m o d &ThinSpace;&ThinSpace; a x\mod a xmodax\mod a × \times ×\times
⊡ \boxdot \boxdot ⋏ \curlywedge \curlywedge ∓ \mp \mp ⊴ \unlhd \unlhd
⊟ \boxminus \boxminus ÷ \div ÷\div ⊙ \odot \odot ⊵ \unrhd \unrhd
⊠ \boxtimes \boxtimes ∔ \dotplus \dotplus ⊕ \oplus \oplus ∨ \vee \vee
∙ \bullet \bullet ⩞ \doublebarwedge \doublebarwedge ⊗ \otimes \otimes ⊻ \veebar \veebar
⋒ \Cap \Cap ⋒ \doublecap \doublecap ⊘ \oslash \oslash ∧ \wedge \wedge
∩ \cap \cap ⋓ \doublecup \doublecup ± \pm ±\pmplusmn ≀ \wr \wr

分数和二项式

效果命令效果命令效果命令
a b \frac{a}{b} ba\frac{a}{b} a b \tfrac{a}{b} ba\tfrac{a}{b} ( a a + 1 ] \genfrac ( ] {2pt}{1}a{a+1} (a+1a]\genfrac ( ] {2pt}{1}a{a+1}
a b {a \over b} ba{a \over b} a b \dfrac{a}{b} ba\dfrac{a}{b} a b + 1 {a \above{2pt} b+1} b+1a{a \above{2pt} b+1}
a / b a/b a/ba/b a 1 + 1 b \cfrac{a}{1 + \cfrac{1}{b}} 1+b1a\cfrac{a}{1 + \cfrac{1}{b}}
( n k ) \binom{n}{k} (kn)\binom{n}{k} ( n k ) \dbinom{n}{k} (kn)\dbinom{n}{k} \{ n k \} {n\brace k} {kn}{n\brace k}
( n k ) {n \choose k} (kn){n \choose k} ( n k ) \tbinom{n}{k} (kn)\tbinom{n}{k} [ n k ] {n\brack k} [kn]{n\brack k}

数学运算符(三角函数等)

效果命令效果命令效果命令效果命令
arcsin ⁡ \arcsin arcsin\arcsin cotg ⁡ \cotg cotg\cotg ln ⁡ \ln ln\ln det ⁡ \det det\det
arccos ⁡ \arccos arccos\arccos coth ⁡ \coth coth\coth log ⁡ \log log\log gcd ⁡ \gcd gcd\gcd
arctan ⁡ \arctan arctan\arctan csc ⁡ \csc csc\csc sec ⁡ \sec sec\sec inf ⁡ \inf inf\inf
arctg ⁡ \arctg arctg\arctg cth ⁡ \cth cth\cth sinh ⁡ \sinh sinh\sinh lim&ThinSpace;inf ⁡ \liminf liminf\liminf
arg ⁡ \arg arg\arg deg ⁡ \deg deg\deg sh ⁡ \sh sh\sh lim&ThinSpace;sup ⁡ \limsup limsup\limsup
ch ⁡ \ch ch\ch dim ⁡ \dim dim\dim tan ⁡ \tan tan\tan max ⁡ \max max\max
cos ⁡ \cos cos\cos exp ⁡ \exp exp\exp tanh ⁡ \tanh tanh\tanh min ⁡ \min min\min
cosec ⁡ \cosec cosec\cosec hom ⁡ \hom hom\hom tg ⁡ \tg tg\tg Pr ⁡ \Pr Pr\Pr
cosh ⁡ \cosh cosh\cosh ker ⁡ \ker ker\ker th ⁡ \th th\th sup ⁡ \sup sup\sup
cot ⁡ \cot cot\cot lg ⁡ \lg lg\lg f ⁡ \operatorname{f} f\operatorname{f} arg ⁡ min ⁡ \arg\min argmin\arg\min
arg ⁡ min ⁡ \arg\min argmin\arg\min

此表右列的函数可以采用\limits
根号

\sqrt{x},\sqrt[3]{x}

x \sqrt{x} x , x 3 \sqrt[3]{x} 3x

关系运算符(大于等于符号等)

效果命令效果命令效果命令效果命令
= = == ≖ \eqcirc \eqcirc ⋚ \lesseqgtr \lesseqgtr ⊐ \sqsupset \sqsupset
&lt; &lt; << − : \eqcolon :\eqcolon ⪋ \lesseqqgtr \lesseqqgtr ⊒ \sqsupseteq \sqsupseteq
&gt; &gt; >> − : : \Eqcolon ::\Eqcolon ≶ \lessgtr \lessgtr ⋐ \Subset \Subset
: : :: = : \eqqcolon =:\eqqcolon ≲ \lesssim \lesssim ⊂ \subset \subset\sub
≈ \approx \approx = : : \Eqqcolon =::\Eqqcolon ≪ \ll \ll ⊆ \subseteq \subseteq\sube
≊ \approxeq \approxeq ≂ \eqsim \eqsim ⋘ \lll \lll ⫅ \subseteqq \subseteqq
≍ \asymp \asymp ⪖ \eqslantgtr \eqslantgtr ⋘ \llless \llless ≻ \succ \succ
∍ \backepsilon \backepsilon ⪕ \eqslantless \eqslantless &lt; \lt <\lt ⪸ \succapprox \succapprox
∽ \backsim \backsim ≡ \equiv \equiv ∣ \mid \mid ≽ \succcurlyeq \succcurlyeq
⋍ \backsimeq \backsimeq ≒ \fallingdotseq \fallingdotseq ⊨ \models \models ⪰ \succeq \succeq
≬ \between \between ⌢ \frown \frown ⊸ \multimap \multimap ≿ \succsim \succsim
⋈ \bowtie \bowtie ≥ \ge \ge ∋ \owns \owns ⋑ \Supset \Supset
≏ \bumpeq \bumpeq ≥ \geq \geq ∥ \parallel \parallel ⊃ \supset \supset
≎ \Bumpeq \Bumpeq ≧ \geqq \geqq ⊥ \perp \perp ⊇ \supseteq \supseteq\supe
≗ \circeq \circeq ⩾ \geqslant \geqslant ⋔ \pitchfork \pitchfork ⫆ \supseteqq \supseteqq
: ≈ \colonapprox :\colonapprox ≫ \gg \gg ≺ \prec \prec ≈ \thickapprox \thickapprox
: : ≈ \Colonapprox ::\Colonapprox ⋙ \ggg \ggg ⪷ \precapprox \precapprox ∼ \thicksim \thicksim
: − \coloneq :\coloneq ⋙ \gggtr \gggtr ≼ \preccurlyeq \preccurlyeq ⊴ \trianglelefteq \trianglelefteq
: : − \Coloneq ::\Coloneq &gt; \gt >\gt ⪯ \preceq \preceq ≜ \triangleq \triangleq
: = \coloneqq :=\coloneqq ⪆ \gtrapprox \gtrapprox ≾ \precsim \precsim ⊵ \trianglerighteq \trianglerighteq
: : = \Coloneqq ::=\Coloneqq ⋛ \gtreqless \gtreqless ∝ \propto \propto ∝ \varpropto \varpropto
: ∼ \colonsim :\colonsim ⪌ \gtreqqless \gtreqqless ≓ \risingdotseq \risingdotseq △ \vartriangle \vartriangle
: : ∼ \Colonsim ::\Colonsim ≷ \gtrless \gtrless ∣ \shortmid \shortmid ⊲ \vartriangleleft \vartriangleleft
≅ \cong \cong ≳ \gtrsim \gtrsim ∥ \shortparallel \shortparallel ⊳ \vartriangleright \vartriangleright
⋞ \curlyeqprec \curlyeqprec ∈ \in \in\isin ∼ \sim \sim : \vcentcolon :\vcentcolon
⋟ \curlyeqsucc \curlyeqsucc ⋈ \Join \Join ≃ \simeq \simeq ⊢ \vdash \vdash
⊣ \dashv \dashv ≤ \le \le ⌢ \smallfrown \smallfrown ⊨ \vDash \vDash
: : \dblcolon ::\dblcolon ≤ \leq \leq ⌣ \smallsmile \smallsmile ⊩ \Vdash \Vdash
≐ \doteq \doteq ≦ \leqq \leqq ⌣ \smile \smile ⊪ \Vvdash \Vvdash
≑ \Doteq \Doteq ⩽ \leqslant \leqslant ⊏ \sqsubset \sqsubset ⊑ \sqsubseteq \sqsubseteq
≑ \doteqdot \doteqdot ⪅ \lessapprox \lessapprox
否定关系符号(不等于符号等)
效果命令效果命令效果命令效果命令
⪊ \gnapprox gnapprox  \ngeqslant \ngeqslant ⊈ \nsubseteq \nsubseteq ⪵ \precneqq \precneqq
⪈ \gneq \gneq ≯ \ngtr \ngtr  \nsubseteqq \nsubseteqq ⋨ \precnsim \precnsim
≩ \gneqq \gneqq ≰ \nleq \nleq ⊁ \nsucc \nsucc ⊊ \subsetneq \subsetneq
⋧ \gnsim \gnsim  \nleqq \nleqq ⋡ \nsucceq \nsucceq ⫋ \subsetneqq \subsetneqq
 \gvertneqq \gvertneqq  \nleqslant \nleqslant ⊉ \nsupseteq \nsupseteq ⪺ \succnapprox \succnapprox
⪉ \lnapprox \lnapprox ≮ \nless \nless  \nsupseteqq \nsupseteqq ⪶ \succneqq \succneqq
⪇ \lneq \lneq ∤ \nmid \nmid ⋪ \ntriangleleft \ntriangleleft ⋩ \succnsim \succnsim
≨ \lneqq \lneqq ∉ \notin /\notin ⋬ \ntrianglelefteq \ntrianglelefteq ⊋ \supsetneq \supsetneq
⋦ \lnsim \lnsim ∌ \notni ̸\notni ⋫ \ntriangleright \ntriangleright ⫌ \supsetneqq \supsetneqq
 \lvertneqq \lvertneqq ∦ \nparallel \nparallel ⋭ \ntrianglerighteq \ntrianglerighteq  \varsubsetneq \varsubsetneq
≆ \ncong \ncong ⊀ \nprec \nprec ⊬ \nvdash \nvdash  \varsubsetneqq \varsubsetneqq
≠ \ne ̸=\ne ⋠ \npreceq \npreceq ⊭ \nvDash \nvDash  \varsupsetneq \varsupsetneq
≠ \neq ̸=\neq  \nshortmid \nshortmid ⊯ \nVDash \nVDash  \varsupsetneqq \varsupsetneqq
≱ \ngeq \ngeq  \nshortparallel \nshortparallel ⊮ \nVdash \nVdash ⪹ \precnapprox \precnapprox
 \ngeqq \ngeqq ≁ \nsim \nsim
箭头符号
效果命令效果命令效果命令
↺ \circlearrowleft \circlearrowleft ↼ \leftharpoonup \leftharpoonup ⇒ \rArr \rArr
↻ \circlearrowright \circlearrowright ⇇ \leftleftarrows \leftleftarrows → \rarr \rarr
↶ \curvearrowleft \curvearrowleft ↔ \leftrightarrow \leftrightarrow ↾ \restriction \restriction
↷ \curvearrowright \curvearrowright ⇔ \Leftrightarrow \Leftrightarrow → \rightarrow \rightarrow
⇓ \Darr \Darr ⇆ \leftrightarrows \leftrightarrows ⇒ \Rightarrow \Rightarrow
⇓ \dArr \dArr ⇋ \leftrightharpoons \leftrightharpoons ↣ \rightarrowtail \rightarrowtail
↓ \darr \darr ↭ \leftrightsquigarrow \leftrightsquigarrow ⇁ \rightharpoondown \rightharpoondown
⇠ \dashleftarrow \dashleftarrow ⇚ \Lleftarrow \Lleftarrow ⇀ \rightharpoonup \rightharpoonup
⇢ \dashrightarrow \dashrightarrow ⟵ \longleftarrow \longleftarrow ⇄ \rightleftarrows \rightleftarrows
↓ \downarrow \downarrow ⟸ \Longleftarrow \Longleftarrow ⇌ \rightleftharpoons \rightleftharpoons
⇓ \Downarrow \Downarrow ⟷ \longleftrightarrow \longleftrightarrow ⇉ \rightrightarrows \rightrightarrows
⇊ \downdownarrows \downdownarrows ⟺ \Longleftrightarrow \Longleftrightarrow ⇝ \rightsquigarrow \rightsquigarrow
⇃ \downharpoonleft downharpoonleft ⟼ \longmapsto \longmapsto ⇛ \Rrightarrow \Rrightarrow
⇂ \downharpoonright downharpoonright ⟶ \longrightarrow \longrightarrow ↱ \Rsh \Rsh
← \gets gets ⟹ \Longrightarrow \Longrightarrow ↘ \searrow \searrow
⇔ \Harr Harr ↫ \looparrowleft \looparrowleft ↙ \swarrow \swarrow
⇔ \hArr hArr ↬ \looparrowright \looparrowright → \to \to
↔ \harr harr ⇔ \Lrarr \Lrarr ↞ \twoheadleftarrow \twoheadleftarrow
↩ \hookleftarrow hookleftarrow ⇔ \lrArr \lrArr ↠ \twoheadrightarrow \twoheadrightarrow
↪ \hookrightarrow hookrightarrow ↔ \lrarr \lrarr ⇑ \Uarr \Uarr
&ThickSpace; ⟺ &ThickSpace; \iff iff ↰ \Lsh \Lsh ⇑ \uArr \uArr
&ThickSpace; ⟸ &ThickSpace; \impliedby impliedby ↦ \mapsto \mapsto ↑ \uarr \uarr
&ThickSpace; ⟹ &ThickSpace; \implies implies ↗ \nearrow \nearrow ↑ \uparrow \uparrow
⇐ \Larr Larr ↚ \nleftarrow \nleftarrow ⇑ \Uparrow \Uparrow
← \larr larr ↮ \nleftrightarrow \nleftrightarrow ⇕ \Updownarrow \Updownarrow
⇝ \leadsto leadsto ⇎ \nLeftrightarrow \nLeftrightarrow ↿ \upharpoonleft \upharpoonleft
← \leftarrow leftarrow ↛ \nrightarrow \nrightarrow ↾ \upharpoonright \upharpoonright
⇐ \Leftarrow Leftarrow ⇏ \nRightarrow \nRightarrow ⇈ \upuparrows \upuparrows
↢ \leftarrowtail leftarrowtail ↖ \nwarrow \nwarrow ⇒ \Rarr \Rarr
↽ \leftharpoondown leftharpoondown
可扩展箭头(箭头上带有文字的箭头)
效果命令效果命令
← a b c \xleftarrow{abc} abc \xleftarrow{abc} → u n d e r o v e r \xrightarrow[under]{over} over under\xrightarrow[under]{over}
⇐ a b c \xLeftarrow{abc} abc \xLeftarrow{abc} ⇒ a b c \xRightarrow{abc} abc \xRightarrow{abc}
↔ a b c \xleftrightarrow{abc} abc \xleftrightarrow{abc} ⇔ a b c \xLeftrightarrow{abc} abc \xLeftrightarrow{abc}
↩ a b c \xhookleftarrow{abc} abc \xhookleftarrow{abc} ↪ a b c \xhookrightarrow{abc} abc \xhookrightarrow{abc}
↞ a b c \xtwoheadleftarrow{abc} abc \xtwoheadleftarrow{abc} ↠ a b c \xtwoheadrightarrow{abc} abc \xtwoheadrightarrow{abc}
↼ a b c \xleftharpoonup{abc} abc \xleftharpoonup{abc} ⇀ a b c \xrightharpoonup{abc} abc \xrightharpoonup{abc}
↽ a b c \xleftharpoondown{abc} abc \xleftharpoondown{abc} ⇁ a b c \xrightharpoondown{abc} abc \xrightharpoondown{abc}
⇋ a b c \xleftrightharpoons{abc} abc \xleftrightharpoons{abc} ⇌ a b c \xrightleftharpoons{abc} abc \xrightleftharpoons{abc}
⇄ a b c \xtofrom{abc} abc \xtofrom{abc} ↦ a b c \xmapsto{abc} abc \xmapsto{abc}
= a b c \xlongequal{abc} abc \xlongequal{abc}

所有扩展箭头都可以类似于\xrightarrow[under]{over}的形式。例如 ← u n d e r a b c \xleftarrow[under]{abc} abc under,\xleftarrow[under]{abc}

类型对齐(让argmin的下标在其正下方之类,排版小技巧)
\mathop(常用)
\arg\min\limits_{\theta} \ \ \| \mathrm{J} (\theta)\|
\mathop{\arg\min}\limits_{\theta} \ \ \| \mathrm{J} (\theta)\|

arg ⁡ min ⁡ θ    ∥ J ( θ ) ∥ \arg\min\limits_{\theta} \ \ \| \mathrm{J} (\theta)\| argθmin  J(θ)
arg ⁡ min ⁡ θ    ∥ J ( θ ) ∥ \mathop{\arg\min}\limits_{\theta} \ \ \| \mathrm{J} (\theta)\| θargmin  J(θ)

可以看出\mathop排列了 θ \theta θ arg ⁡ min ⁡ {\arg\min} argmin下的显示位置。

无论是\mathbin\mathclose\mathinner,\mathop,\mathopen,\mathord,\mathpunct, \mathrel,大多数都是调整公式操作数间的间距。

下面给出部分示例,另外有会说明一些部分区别。

展示命令不用效果命令使用效果命令
mathbin a ! b a!b a!ba!b a ! b a\mathbin{!}b a!ba\mathbin{!}b
mathclose a + ( b &gt; + c a + (b\gt + c a+(b>+ca + (b\gt + c a + ( b &gt; + c a + (b\mathclose\gt + c a+(b>+ca + (b\mathclose\gt + c
mathinner a b inside c d ab\text{inside}cd abinsidecdab\text{inside}cd a b inside c d ab\mathinner{\text{inside}}cd abinsidecdab\mathinner{\text{inside}}cd
mathop ⋆ a b \star_a^b ab\star_a^b ⋆ a b \mathop{\star}_a^b ab\mathop{\star}_a^b
mathopen a + &lt; b ) + c a + \lt b) + c a+<b)+ca + \lt b) + c a + &lt; b ) + c a + \mathopen\lt b) + c a+<b)+ca + \mathopen\lt b) + c
mathord 1 , 234 , 567 1{,}234{,}567 1,234,5671{,}234{,}567 1 , 234 , 567 1\mathord{,}234{,}567 1,234,5671\mathord{,}234{,}567
mathpunct A − B A{-}B ABA{-}B A − B A\mathpunct{-}B ABA\mathpunct{-}B
mathrel a # b a{\#} b a#ba{\#} b a # b a \mathrel{\#} b a#ba \mathrel{\#} b
\mathbin和\mathrel的区别?

在支持latex运行下面代码,可以看见微小的区别,为了方便,本文在该代码下方,写简化的结果,间隔计算是由latex计算。

\documentclass{article}
\begin{document}
\begin{tabular}{clc}
  \multicolumn{3}{c}{Relations} \\[5pt]
  \LaTeX & Typeset & width \\ \hline
  \verb|$x=x$| & $x=x$ & \setbox0=\hbox{$x=x$} \the\wd0 \\
  \verb|$x\mathbin{=}x$| & $x\mathbin{=}x$ & \setbox0=\hbox{$x\mathbin{=}x$} \the\wd0 \\
  \verb|$x\mathrel{=}x$| & $x\mathrel{=}x$ & \setbox0=\hbox{$x\mathrel{=}x$} \the\wd0 \\[10pt]
  \multicolumn{3}{c}{Binary operators} \\[5pt]
  \LaTeX & Typeset & width \\ \hline
  \verb|$x+x$| & $x+x$ & \setbox0=\hbox{$x+x$} \the\wd0 \\
  \verb|$x\mathbin{+}x$| & $x\mathbin{+}x$ & \setbox0=\hbox{$x\mathbin{+}x$} \the\wd0 \\
  \verb|$x\mathrel{+}x$| & $x\mathrel{+}x$ & \setbox0=\hbox{$x\mathrel{+}x$} \the\wd0
\end{tabular}
\end{document}​

针对关系运算符

代码效果宽度
x=x x = x x=x x=x24.76376pt
x\mathbin{=}x x = x x\mathbin{=}x x=x23.65268pt
x\mathrel{=}x x = x x\mathrel{=}x x=x24.76376pt

针对二元运算符

代码效果宽度
x+x x + x x+x x+x23.65268pt
x\mathbin{+}x x + x x\mathbin{+}x x+x23.65268pt
x\mathrel{+}x x + x x\mathrel{+}x x+x24.76376pt
  • \mathbin修改某些东西周围的间距,使其符合二元运算符的间距。
  • \mathrel修改间距以表示二元关系。

每个数学字符被指定一个识别码数字, 在0 和4095 之间,它等于256 乘以族数再加上位置数。这很容易用十六进制表示, 一位十六进制数为族数, 两位为字符位置; 例如, “24A” 表示第2 族的“4A”字符。每个字符还可以指定到8 类中的一类, 编号从0 到7, 如下表所示。

意思例子意思例子
0Ordinary(普通符号)/4Opening(开符号)(
1Large operator(巨符号)\sum5Closing(闭符号))
2Binary operation(二元运算)+6Punctuation(标点),
3Relation(关系符号)=7Variable family(变量族)x

前7类比较容易熟悉,而第7类比较少用,它允许数学符号改变族数,至少目前非一般专业人士,不太用这个(强迫症患者特别喜欢用这些命令进行间距控制)。其实经过对比,很容易发现,本小节涉及的几个命令,例如mathrel中的rel是Relation(关系符号)的缩写。

如果需要的话, 可以把一个复杂的式子看作二元运算或关系符号等等。为此这几个命令才起作用。例如 G : H G\mathbin:H G:H中,显示代码是G\mathbin:H,冒号被看作二元运算。值得注意的是,\mathinner, 一般不用在单个符号上。

个人觉得这部分的命令,最重要的大概是\mathop,其他的有需再用,对于一般博客的排版来说,并非需要如此精致。

颜色

现存支持颜色可以通过定义rgb值来自定义自己的颜色,部分可以用相应英文给替代。

常用颜色一览

英文RGB值颜色效果示例源码是否支持英文缩写
Apricotfbceb1 M a \textcolor{#fbceb1}{Ma} Ma\textcolor{#fbceb1}{Ma}
Aquamarine#7FFFD4 M a \textcolor{Aquamarine}{Ma} Ma\textcolor{Aquamarine}{ma}
Bittersweet#FE6F5E M a \textcolor{#FE6F5E}{Ma} Ma\textcolor{#FE6F5E}{ma}
Black#000000 M a \textcolor{Black}{Ma} Ma\textcolor{Black}{Ma}
Blue#0000FF M a \textcolor{Blue}{Ma} Ma\textcolor{Blue}{Ma}
BlueGreen#0d98ba M a \textcolor{#0d98ba}{Ma} Ma\textcolor{#0d98ba}{Ma}
BlueViolet#8a2be2 M a \textcolor{BlueViolet}{Ma} Ma\textcolor{BlueViolet}{Ma}
BrickRed#CB4154 M a \textcolor{#CB4154}{Ma} Ma\textcolor{#CB4154}{Ma}
Brown#964B00 M a \textcolor{Brown}{Ma} Ma\textcolor{Brown}{Ma}
BurntOrange#CC5500 M a \textcolor{#CC5500}{Ma} Ma\textcolor{#CC5500}{Ma}
CadetBlue#5F9EA0 M a \textcolor{CadetBlue}{Ma} Ma\textcolor{CadetBlue}{Ma}
CarnationPink#FFA6C9 M a \textcolor{#FFA6C9}{Ma} Ma\textcolor{#FFA6C9}{Ma}
Cerulean#1DACD6 M a \textcolor{#1DACD6}{Ma} Ma\textcolor{#1DACD6}{Ma}
CornflowerBlue#6495ED M a \textcolor{CornflowerBlue}{Ma} Ma\textcolor{CornflowerBlue}{Ma}
Cyan#00FFFF M a \textcolor{Cyan}{Ma} Ma\textcolor{Cyan}{Ma}
Dandelion#F0E130 M a \textcolor{#F0E130}{Ma} Ma\textcolor{#F0E130}{Ma}
DarkOrchid#9932CC M a \textcolor{DarkOrchid}{Ma} Ma\textcolor{DarkOrchid}{Ma}
Emerald#50C878 M a \textcolor{#50C878}{Ma} Ma\textcolor{#50C878}{Ma}
ForestGreen#228B22 M a \textcolor{ForestGreen}{Ma} Ma\textcolor{ForestGreen}{Ma}
Fuchsia#FF00FF M a \textcolor{Fuchsia}{Ma} Ma\textcolor{Fuchsia}{Ma}
Goldenrod#DAA520 M a \textcolor{Goldenrod}{Ma} Ma\textcolor{Goldenrod}{Ma}
Gray#808080 M a \textcolor{Gray}{Ma} Ma\textcolor{Gray}{Ma}
Green#008000 M a \textcolor{Green}{Ma} Ma\textcolor{Green}{Ma}
GreenYellow#adff2f M a \textcolor{GreenYellow}{Ma} Ma\textcolor{GreenYellow}{Ma}
JungleGreen#29AB87 M a \textcolor{#29AB87}{Ma} Ma\textcolor{#29AB87}{Ma}
Lavender#E6E6FA M a \textcolor{Lavender}{Ma} Ma\textcolor{Lavender}{Ma}
LimeGreen#32CD32 M a \textcolor{LimeGreen}{Ma} Ma\textcolor{LimeGreen}{Ma}
Magenta#FF00FF M a \textcolor{Magenta}{Ma} Ma\textcolor{Magenta}{Ma}
Mahogany#C04000 M a \textcolor{#C04000}{Ma} Ma\textcolor{#C04000}{Ma}
Maroon#800000 M a \textcolor{#800000}{Ma} Ma\textcolor{#800000}{Ma}
Melon#FDBCB4 M a \textcolor{#FDBCB4}{Ma} Ma\textcolor{#FDBCB4}{Ma}
MidnightBlue#191970 M a \textcolor{#191970}{Ma} Ma\textcolor{#191970}{Ma}
Mulberry#C54B8C M a \textcolor{#C54B8C}{Ma} Ma\textcolor{#C54B8C}{Ma}
NavyBlue#000080 M a \textcolor{#000080}{Ma} Ma\textcolor{#000080}{Ma}
OliveGreen#bab86c M a \textcolor{#bab86c}{Ma} Ma\textcolor{#bab86c}{Ma}
Orange#FFA500 M a \textcolor{Orange}{Ma} Ma\textcolor{Orange}{Ma}
OrangeRed#FF4500 M a \textcolor{OrangeRed}{Ma} Ma\textcolor{OrangeRed}{Ma}
Orchid#DA70D6 M a \textcolor{Orchid}{Ma} Ma\textcolor{Orchid}{Ma}
Peach#FFE5B4 M a \textcolor{#FFE5B4}{Ma} Ma\textcolor{#FFE5B4}{Ma}
Periwinkle#CCCCFF M a \textcolor{#CCCCFF}{Ma} Ma\textcolor{#CCCCFF}{Ma}
PineGreen#01796F M a \textcolor{#01796F}{Ma} Ma\textcolor{#01796F}{Ma}
Plum#DDA0DD M a \textcolor{Plum}{Ma} Ma\textcolor{Plum}{Ma}
ProcessBlue#0085CA M a \textcolor{#0085CA}{Ma} Ma\textcolor{#0085CA}{Ma}
Purple#800080 M a \textcolor{Purple}{Ma} Ma\textcolor{Purple}{Ma}
RawSienna#d68a59 M a \textcolor{#d68a59}{Ma} Ma\textcolor{#d68a59}{Ma}
Red#FF0000 M a \textcolor{Red}{Ma} Ma\textcolor{Red}{Ma}
RedOrange#ff5349 M a \textcolor{#ff5349}{Ma} Ma\textcolor{#ff5349}{Ma}
RedViolet#c71585 M a \textcolor{#c71585}{Ma} Ma\textcolor{#c71585}{Ma}
Rhodamine#e60094 M a \textcolor{#e60094}{Ma} Ma\textcolor{#e60094}{Ma}
RoyalBlue#002366 M a \textcolor{RoyalBlue}{Ma} Ma\textcolor{RoyalBlue}{Ma}
RoyalPurple#7851A9 M a \textcolor{#7851A9}{Ma} Ma\textcolor{#7851A9}{Ma}
RubineRed#d10056 M a \textcolor{#d10056}{Ma} Ma\textcolor{#d10056}{Ma}
Salmon#FF8C69 M a \textcolor{Salmon}{Ma} Ma\textcolor{Salmon}{Ma}
SeaGreen#2E8B57 M a \textcolor{SeaGreen}{Ma} Ma\textcolor{SeaGreen}{Ma}
Sepia#704214 M a \textcolor{#704214}{Ma} Ma\textcolor{#704214}{Ma}
SkyBlue#87CEEB M a \textcolor{SkyBlue}{Ma} Ma\textcolor{SkyBlue}{Ma}
SpringGreen#00FF7F M a \textcolor{SpringGreen}{Ma} Ma\textcolor{SpringGreen}{Ma}
Tan#D2B48C M a \textcolor{Tan}{Ma} Ma\textcolor{Tan}{Ma}
TealBlue#367588 M a \textcolor{#367588}{Ma} Ma\textcolor{#367588}{Ma}
Thistle#D8BFD8 M a \textcolor{Thistle}{Ma} Ma\textcolor{Thistle}{Ma}
Turquoise#30D5C8 M a \textcolor{Turquoise}{Ma} Ma\textcolor{Turquoise}{Ma}
Violet#EE82EE M a \textcolor{Violet}{Ma} Ma\textcolor{Violet}{Ma}
VioletRed#c71585 M a \textcolor{#c71585}{Ma} Ma\textcolor{#c71585}{Ma}
White#c71585 Ma \colorbox{Black}{\textcolor{White}{Ma}} Ma\colorbox{Black}{\textcolor{White}{Ma}}
WildStrawberry#FF43A4 M a \textcolor{#FF43A4}{Ma} Ma\textcolor{#FF43A4}{Ma}
Yellow#FFFF00 Ma \colorbox{Blue}{\textcolor{Yellow}{Ma}} Ma\colorbox{Blue}{\textcolor{Yellow}{Ma}}
YellowGreen#9ACD32 M a \textcolor{YellowGreen}{Ma} Ma\textcolor{YellowGreen}{Ma}
YellowOrange#ffae42 M a \textcolor{#ffae42}{Ma} Ma\textcolor{#ffae42}{Ma}

  更多颜色,可以观察此处

背景加框

源码:\colorbox{aqua}{A}
效果:
A \colorbox{aqua}{A} A
源码:\fcolorbox{red}{aqua}{A}
效果:
A \fcolorbox{red}{aqua}{A} A

fcolorbox的第一个括号是边框的颜色,第二个括号填的是边框内的背景色,第三个括号是边框内的文字,颜色均支持rgb值。

源码:\boxed{Hi !}
效果:
H i ! \boxed{Hi !} Hi!
源码:\fbox{Hi !}
效果:
Hi ! \fbox{Hi !} Hi !

字体大小

效果源码类型
A B \Huge AB AB\Huge ABHuge
A B \huge AB AB\huge ABhuge
A B \LARGE AB AB\LARGE ABLARGE
A B \Large AB AB\Large ABLarge
A B \large AB AB\large ABlarge
A B \normalsize AB AB\normalsize ABnormalsize
A B \small AB AB\small ABsmall
A B \footnotesize AB AB\footnotesize ABfootnotesize
A B \scriptsize AB AB\scriptsize ABscriptsize
A B \tiny AB AB\tiny ABtiny

风格

  处理公式时,有八种不同的字体。

  • 列表字体(用在行中单独的列表公式中)
  • 文本字体(用在嵌入文本的公式中)
  • 标号字体(用于公式的上下标)
  • 小标号字体(用于公式的二阶上下标)

  以及四种其它的“近似”字体, 它们与上面四种几乎一样, 只是指数升高得不那么多。
  将八种字体风格分别命名为 D , D ′ , T , T ′ , S , S ′ , S S , S S ′ D,D^\prime,T,T^\prime,S,S^\prime,SS,SS^\prime D,D,T,T,S,S,SS,SS
  数学字体的三种不同大小, 分别叫做文本尺寸, 标号尺寸, 小标号尺寸。
  封装在符号$ ⋯ \cdots $ 中,是文本字体(T)。封装在符号$$ ⋯ \cdots $$ 中,是列表字体(D)。

公式的子公式使用的可能是不同的字体

公式大小影响上下标大小

公式字体上标字体下标字体
D , T D,T D,T S S S S ′ S^\prime S
D ′ , T ′ D^\prime,T^\prime D,T S ′ S^\prime S S ′ S^\prime S
S , S S S,SS S,SS S S SS SS S S ′ SS^\prime SS
S ′ , S S ′ S^\prime,SS^\prime S,SS S S ′ SS^\prime SS S S ′ SS^\prime SS

  如果 x a b x^{a_b} xab,使用的字体 D D D排版,那么 a b a_b ab用字体 S S S排版,下标 b b b S S SS SS排版。

  输入\displaystyle, \textstyle,\scriptstyle 或者\scriptscriptstyle来规定规定所要字体,所选定的字体将应用到公式或子公式结束, 或者直到给出另外一种字体。
  例如, n + n + n . n+\scriptstyle n+\scriptscriptstyle n. n+n+n.
  得到的所有列表公式,随着字体的改变, 加号也变得更小了。

风格一览

效果源码备注
∑ i = 1 n \displaystyle\sum_{i=1}^n i=1n\displaystyle\sum_{i=1}^n
∑ i = 1 n \textstyle\sum_{i=1}^n i=1n\textstyle\sum_{i=1}^n
x \scriptstyle x x\scriptstyle x第一个子/上标的大小
x \scriptscriptstyle x x\scriptscriptstyle x后续子/上标的大小
lim ⁡ x \lim\limits_x xlim\lim\limits_x
lim ⁡ x \lim\nolimits_x limx\lim\nolimits_x
x^2 \verb!x^2! x^2\verb!x^2!

符号和标点符号(无穷大,三角形等符号)

效果源码效果源码效果源码
% comment % comment … \dots \dots KaTeX \KaTeX KATEX\KaTeX
% \% %\% ⋯ \cdots \cdots LaTeX \LaTeX LATEX\LaTeX
# \# #\# ⋱ \ddots \ddots TeX \TeX TEX\TeX
&amp; \&amp; &\& … \ldots \ldots ∇ \nabla \nabla
_ \_ _\_ ⋮ \vdots \vdots ∞ \infty \infty
_ \text{\textunderscore} _\text{\textunderscore} ⋯ \dotsb \dotsb ∞ \infin \infin
– \text{--} \text{--} … \dotsc \dotsc ✓ \checkmark \checkmark
– \text{\textendash} \text{\textendash} &NegativeThinSpace; ⋯ \dotsi \dotsi † \dag \dag
— \text{---} \text{---} ⋯ \dotsm \dotsm † \dagger \dagger
— \text{\textemdash} \text{\textemdash} … \dotso \dotso † \text{\textdagger} \text{\textdagger}
~ \text{\textasciitilde} ~\text{\textasciitilde} ⋅ \sdot \sdot ‡ \ddag \ddag
… \mathellipsis \mathellipsis ‡ \ddagger \ddagger
… \text{\textellipsis} \text{\textellipsis} ‡ \text{\textdaggerdbl} \text{\textdaggerdbl}
□ \Box \Box ‡ \text{\textdaggerdbl} \Dagger
‘ \lq \lq □ \square \square ∠ \angle \angle
’ \text{\textquoteright} \text{\textquoteright} ■ \blacksquare \blacksquare ∡ \measuredangle \measuredangle
′ \rq \rq △ \triangle \triangle ∢ \sphericalangle \sphericalangle
“ \text{\textquotedblleft} \text{\textquotedblleft} ▽ \triangledown \triangledown ⊤ \top \top
&quot; &quot; "" ◃ \triangleleft \triangleleft ⊥ \bot \bot
” \text{\textquotedblright} \text{\textquotedblright} ▹ \triangleright \triangleright$$$\$
&NegativeThinSpace; : \colon :\colon ▽ \bigtriangledown \bigtriangledown $ \text{\textdollar} $\text{\textdollar}
‵ \backprime \backprime △ \bigtriangleup \bigtriangleup £ \pounds £\pounds
′ \prime \prime ▲ \blacktriangle \blacktriangle £ \mathsterling £\mathsterling
&lt; \text{\textless} <\prime ▼ \blacktriangledown \blacktriangledown £ \text{\textsterling} £\text{\textsterling}
&gt; \text{\textgreater} >\text{\textgreater} ◀ \blacktriangleleft \blacktriangleleft ¥ \yen ¥\yen
| \text{\textbar} |\text{\textbar} ▶ \blacktriangleright \blacktriangleright √ \surd \surd
∥ \text{\textbardbl} \text{\textbardbl} ⋄ \diamond \diamond ° \degree °\degree
{ \text{\textbraceleft} {\text{\textbraceleft} ◊ \Diamond \Diamond ° \text{\textdegree} °\text{\textdegree}
} \text{\textbraceright} }\text{\textbraceright} ◊ \lozenge \lozenge ℧ \mho \mho
⧫ \blacklozenge \blacklozenge ╲ \diagdown \diagdown
¶ \text{\P} \text{\P} ⋆ \star \star ╱ \diagup \diagup
§ \text{\S} §\text{\S} ★ \bigstar \bigstar ♭ \flat \flat
§ \text{\sect} §\text{\sect} ♣ \clubsuit \clubsuit ♮ \natural \natural
© \copyright c\copyright ♣ \clubs \clubs ♯ \sharp \sharp
® \circledR ®\circledR ♢ \diamondsuit \diamondsuit ♡ \heartsuit \heartsuit
® \text{\textregistered} R\text{\textregistered} ♢ \diamonds \diamonds ♡ \hearts \hearts
Ⓢ \circledS \circledS ♠ \spadesuit \spadesuit ♠ \spades \spades
a ◯ \text{\textcircled a} a\text{\textcircled a} ✠ \maltese \maltese

KATEX官网支持的一部分如\text{\textasciicircum},CSDN的自修改的KATEX语法并不支持。

关于分数

  • 事实上,分数的编写,可以用\over或者\frac,二者的区别可以在此处看见。
  • 小型分数\tfrac,在显示列表字体较小,比如\displaystyle\frac{1}{2} ⇒ 1 2 \Rightarrow{\displaystyle\frac{1}{2}} 21,\displaystyle\tfrac{1}{2} ⇒ 1 2 \Rightarrow{\displaystyle\tfrac{1}{2}} 21
  • \over不允许在同一子公式中使用两次,例如a \over b \over 2,必须给出over 作用范围,例如{a\over b}\over 2 ⇒ a b 2 \Rightarrow {{a\over b}\over 2} 2ba,a\over{b\over 2} ⇒ a b 2 \Rightarrow {a\over{b\over 2}} 2ba。但是过度使用\over会发现,显示得太小,一般转换除式,比如a/b \over 2 ⇒ a / b 2 \Rightarrow {a/b \over 2} 2a/ba \over b/2 ⇒ a b / 2 \Rightarrow {a \over b/2} b/2a
  • 当用\frac嵌套的公式,发现得到的字母大小,越来越小,可以考虑采用\dfrac,例如
a_0+\frac {1}{a_1+\frac{1}{a_2+\frac{1}{a_3+\frac{1}{a_4}}}}

a 0 + 1 a 1 + 1 a 2 + 1 a 3 + 1 a 4 a_0+\frac {1}{a_1+\frac{1}{a_2+\frac{1}{a_3+\frac{1}{a_4}}}} a0+a1+a2+a3+a41111

a_0+\dfrac{1}{a_1+\dfrac{1}{a_2+\dfrac{1}{a_3+\dfrac{1}{a_4}}}}

a 0 + 1 a 1 + 1 a 2 + 1 a 3 + 1 a 4 a_0+\dfrac{1}{a_1+\dfrac{1}{a_2+\dfrac{1}{a_3+\dfrac{1}{a_4}}}} a0+a1+a2+a3+a41111

  • 如果想让分数中间的线变粗,则可以使用\above<dimen>,例如\displaystyle{a\over b}\above1pt\displaystyle{c\over d}
    ⇒ a b c d \Rightarrow {\displaystyle{a\over b}\above1pt\displaystyle{c\over d}} dcba

关于巨符号显示

  • 一般由$ ⋯ \cdots $包围的是文本字体,这时候使用\int积分符号 ∫ \int ,编写上下限会变得没有上下限,显示变成了\int_{n=1}^m ⇒ ∫ n = 1 m \Rightarrow {\int_{n=1}^m} n=1m,如果我要在文本中显示上下限,采用列表字体\displaystyle\int_{n=1}^m ⇒ ∫ n = 1 m \Rightarrow {\displaystyle\int_{n=1}^m} n=1m,\displaystyle\sum_{n=1}^m ⇒ ∑ n = 1 m \Rightarrow {\displaystyle\sum_{n=1}^m} n=1m。或者变成由$$ ⋯ \cdots $$包围的公式。
  • 如果我想要这种形式,把上下限显示成 ∫ 0 π 2 \int\limits_0^{\pi\over2} 02π,利用\limits,示例源码\int\limits_0^{\pi\over2}。如果是列表字体情况下,又不想显示上下限,采用\nolimits,例如\displaystyle\sum\nolimits_{n=1}^m ⇒ ∑ n = 1 m \Rightarrow {\displaystyle\sum\nolimits_{n=1}^m} n=1m
  • 如果要在巨算符下面放两行或多行极限,使用\atop,例如\displaystyle\sum_{\scriptstyle0\le i\le m\atop\scriptstyle0<j<n}P(i,j) ⇒ ∑ 0 ≤ i ≤ m 0 &lt; j &lt; n P ( i , j ) \Rightarrow{\displaystyle\sum_{\scriptstyle0\le i\le m\atop\scriptstyle0&lt;j&lt;n}P(i,j)} 0<j<n0imP(i,j)
  • 值得注意的是上面的例子必须要两次\scriptstyle,否则下方极限所用字体使用小标号尺寸,显得过小。

参考内容

【1】https://katex.org/
【2】Donald E. Knuth. The TEXbook, Volume A of Computers and Typesetting, Addison-Wesley, Reading, Massachusetts, second edition, 1984,ISBN 0-201-13448-9.

  • 126
    点赞
  • 489
    收藏
    觉得还不错? 一键收藏
  • 打赏
    打赏
  • 10
    评论
Vue是一个用于构建用户界面的渐进式框架,它并不直接提供数学公式编辑器功能。但是,我们可以使用Vue来构建一个基于数学公式编辑器的应用程序。 首先,我们需要选择一个适合的数学公式编辑器库,例如MathJax或KaTeX。这些库可以将数学表达式渲染为可交互和可视化的形式。然后,我们可以使用Vue的组件系统来封装和集成这些数学公式编辑器库。 在Vue中,我们可以创建一个数学公式编辑器组件,该组件包含一个文本输入框和一个用于渲染数学表达式的区域。当用户输入数学表达式时,我们可以使用适当的库来解析和渲染表达式,并将结果显示在渲染区域中。 以下是一个简单的示例: ```html <template> <div> <input v-model="expression" placeholder="输入数学表达式" /> <div v-html="renderedExpression"></div> </div> </template> <script> import { render } from 'mathjax'; export default { data() { return { expression: '', renderedExpression: '', }; }, watch: { expression() { // 解析和渲染数学表达式 this.renderedExpression = render(this.expression); }, }, }; </script> ``` 在上面的示例中,我们使用了`v-model`指令将输入框的值绑定到`expression`属性上。然后,我们使用`watch`选项来监听`expression`属性的变化,并在变化时解析和渲染数学表达式。 请注意,这只是一个简单的示例,实际的数学公式编辑器可能需要更多的功能和复杂性。但是,通过使用Vue的组件系统和适当的数学公式编辑器库,我们可以构建出一个功能强大且灵活的数学公式编辑器应用程序。 问题产生的原因是Vue本身并不直接提供数学公式编辑器功能。然而,通过使用适当的数学公式编辑器库并结合Vue的组件系统,我们可以构建出一个完整的数学公式编辑器应用程序。 相关问题: 1. 有哪些流行的数学公式编辑器库可以与Vue集成? 2. 如何在Vue中实现实时渲染数学表达式? 3. 如何处理用户输入的数学表达式中的错误或无效输入? 4. 如何添加更多功能,例如公式预览、符号选择等? 5. 如何进行数学表达式的存储和导入/导出? 6. 如何处理不同浏览器和设备上的渲染差异? 7. 如何优化数学公式编辑器的性能和用户体验?
评论 10
添加红包

请填写红包祝福语或标题

红包个数最小为10个

红包金额最低5元

当前余额3.43前往充值 >
需支付:10.00
成就一亿技术人!
领取后你会自动成为博主和红包主的粉丝 规则
hope_wisdom
发出的红包

打赏作者

YuYunTan

你的鼓励将是我创作的最大动力

¥1 ¥2 ¥4 ¥6 ¥10 ¥20
扫码支付:¥1
获取中
扫码支付

您的余额不足,请更换扫码支付或充值

打赏作者

实付
使用余额支付
点击重新获取
扫码支付
钱包余额 0

抵扣说明:

1.余额是钱包充值的虚拟货币,按照1:1的比例进行支付金额的抵扣。
2.余额无法直接购买下载,可以购买VIP、付费专栏及课程。

余额充值