写案例之前首先要知道SpringCloud是什么东西,SpringCloud简单来说就是一套规范, 它是一系列框架的集合,主要用于管理微服务架构,简化Spring应用开发。那么为什么要用微服务为什么要用SpringCloud来实现呢?后台硬:作为Spring家族的一员,有整个Spring全家桶靠山,背景十分强大。 技术强:Spring作为Java领域的前辈,可以说是功力深厚。有强力的技术团队支撑,一般人还真比不了 群众基础好:可以说大多数程序员的成长都伴随着Spring框架,试问:现在有几家公司开发不用Spring? Spring Cloud与Spring的各个框架无缝整合,对大家来说一切都是熟悉的配方,熟悉的味道。 使用方便:相信大家都体会到了SpringBoot给我们开发带来的便利,而Spring Cloud完全支持Spring Boot的开 发,用很少的配置就能完成微服务框架的搭建,话不多说,直接撸代码;
1、创建父工程
pom文件
pom文件不做任何事情,仅仅是版本控制
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.zhc1024</groupId>
<artifactId>springColudDemo</artifactId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<parent>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
<version>2.1.5.RELEASE</version>
<relativePath/>
</parent>
<properties>
<java.version>1.8</java.version>
<spring-cloud.version>Greenwich.SR1</spring-cloud.version>
<mapper.starter.version>2.1.5</mapper.starter.version>
<mysql.version>5.1.10</mysql.version>
</properties>
<dependencyManagement>
<dependencies>
<!-- springCloud -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
<version>${spring-cloud.version}</version>
<type>pom</type>
<scope>import</scope>
</dependency>
<!-- 通用Mapper启动器 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
<version>2.1.0</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
<artifactId>druid-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
<version>1.1.10</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.github.pagehelper</groupId>
<artifactId>pagehelper-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
<version>1.2.10</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>tk.mybatis</groupId>
<artifactId>mapper-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
<version>2.1.5</version>
</dependency>
<!-- mysql驱动 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>${mysql.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-config</artifactId>
<version>1.2.0.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</dependencyManagement>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>
2、创建服务提供方
pom文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<parent>
<artifactId>springColudDemo</artifactId>
<groupId>com.zhc1024</groupId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
</parent>
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<artifactId>userService</artifactId>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!-- 通用Mapper启动器 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
<!-- <version>2.0.1</version>-->
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
<artifactId>druid-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.github.pagehelper</groupId>
<artifactId>pagehelper-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>tk.mybatis</groupId>
<artifactId>mapper-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-autoconfigure</artifactId>
<version>2.1.9.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-autoconfigure</artifactId>
<version>2.1.9.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-autoconfigure</artifactId>
<version>2.1.9.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</project>
2.2 yml配置
server:
port: 8080
# 数据链接,请注意修改你自己数据库和账号密码
spring:
datasource:
url: jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/springboot?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8&allowMultiQueries=true&useSSL=false
username: root
password: zhc1024
driver-class-name: com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
type: com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource
application:
name: user-service
# mybatis的配置
mybatis:
mapper-locations: classpath:/mapper/*.xml
type-aliases-package: com.zhc1024.pojo
# 分页的信息
pagehelper:
reasonable: true
support-methods-arguments: true
params: countSql
helper-dialect: mysql
2.3接下来就是访问数据库,根据用户id查询用户
建完之后应该是这个样子,一个简单的访问数据库查询而已,启动启动类,浏览器地址栏输入http://localhost:8080/user,查询出来的json格式是:
3、消费方
yml配置文件
server:
port: 8082
启动类
package com.zhc1024;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;
@SpringBootApplication
public class UserConsumerApplication {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(UserConsumerApplication.class, args);
}
@Bean
public RestTemplate getRestemplate(){
return new RestTemplate();
}
}
通过地址栏访问http://localhost:8082/consumer/user得到
4、重头戏:Eureka注册中心
Eureka就好比是滴滴,负责管理、记录服务提供者的信息。服务调用者无需自己寻找服务,而是把自己的需求告诉
Eureka,然后Eureka会把符合你需求的服务告诉你。
同时,服务提供方与Eureka之间通过 “心跳” 机制进行监控,当某个服务提供方出现问题,Eureka自然会把它从服务
列表中剔除。
这就实现了服务的自动注册、发现、状态监控。
4.1创建Eureka模块
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4.2 pom文件
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<parent>
<artifactId>springColudDemo</artifactId>
<groupId>com.zhc1024</groupId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
</parent>
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<artifactId>Eureka</artifactId>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-server</artifactId>
<version>2.0.2.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</project>
4.3yml属性文件
server:
port: 8761
spring:
application:
name: eureka-server
eureka:
client:
service-url:
# eureka 服务地址,如果是集群的话;需要指定其它集群eureka地址
defaultZone: http://127.0.0.1:8761/eureka
# 不注册自己
register-with-eureka: false
# 不拉取服务
fetch-registry: false
server:
# 服务失效剔除时间间隔,默认60秒
eviction-interval-timer-in-ms: 60000
# 关闭自我保护模式(默认是打开的)
enable-self-preservation: true
4.4启动类
package com.zhc1024;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.eureka.server.EnableEurekaServer;
@SpringBootApplication
@EnableEurekaServer //声明当前应用为eureka服务
public class EurekaApplication {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(EurekaApplication.class, args);
}
}
配置玩启动类启动,地址栏输入http:localhost:8761出现这个页面就是对的了
我们可以发现,标红框的地方没有任何的服务和消费,接下来就是把服务和消费链接上即可
5、关联userService
5.1服务注册(提供服务)
在pom文件加上
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
</dependency>
5.2修改启动类
package com.zhc1024;
import org.mybatis.spring.annotation.MapperScan;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.EnableDiscoveryClient;
@SpringBootApplication
@MapperScan("com.zhc1024.dao")
@EnableDiscoveryClient // 开启Eureka客户端发现功能
public class UserServiceApplication {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(UserServiceApplication.class, args);
}
}
5.3属性文件加上
eureka:
client:
service-url:
defaultZone: http://127.0.0.1:10086/eureka
然后重启服务方和Eureka,就会发现
6、关联userConsumer
6.1 服务发现(消费服务)
在pom文件加上
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
</dependency>
6.2 修改启动类
package com.zhc1024;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.EnableDiscoveryClient;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;
@SpringBootApplication
@EnableDiscoveryClient
public class UserConsumerApplication {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(UserConsumerApplication.class, args);
}
@Bean
public RestTemplate getRestemplate(){
return new RestTemplate();
}
}
6.3修改属性文件
server:
port: 8082
eureka:
client:
service-url:
defaultZone: http://127.0.0.1:8761/eureka
spring:
application:
name: user-Consumer
重新启动userConsumer和Eureka
7、总结
主要的地方就是配置问价要记得加上服务方或者提供方的名字,重要的就是在启动类加上@EnableDiscoveryClient