统信UOS_arm64开发环境配置

统信UOS开发机器配置

一、配置ssh远程登陆并设置为开机自启动

(1)sudo vim /etc/ssh/sshd_config
修改以下三行
LoginGraceTime 120
PermitRootLogin yes
StrictModes yes
(2)systemctl enable ssh
update-rc.d ssh enable 2 3 4 5
service sshd restart

二、安装开发环境所用的包

安装PyQt4

安装pyqt4–采用apt-get在线安装

sudo apt-get install libxext6 libxext-dev libqt4-dev libqt4-gui libqt4-sql # libqt4-gui不可用
sudo apt-get install qt4-dev-tools qt4-doc qt4-qtconfig qt4-demos qt4-designer
sudo apt-get install python-qt4
sudo apt-get install python-qt4-*
sudo apt-get install python-qscintilla2

# 下面四行表示python3,可以不用安装
sudo apt-get install python3-pyqt4
sudo apt-get install python3-pyqt4.qsci
sudo apt-get install python3-pyqt4.qtsql
sudo apt-get install python3-pyqt4.phonon

安装pip

cd ~
wget https://bootstrap.pypa.io/pip/2.7/get-pip.py
sudo python ./get-pip.py
pip install --upgrade setuptools
pip install --upgrade pip

安装程序所需py包

pip install twisted
sudo pip install pyinstaller==3.6  # 3.6版本可以打包py2程序
pip install pyyaml
pip install requests_toolbelt

pyinstaller用于py2的打包,因为要使用pyinstaller程序,不使用sudo安装则可执行文件放置在用户家目录/.local/bin下,还要修改环境变量,因此直接使用sudo安装,pyinstaller程序就安装到/usr/local/bin目录下。

安装opencv-python

有三种安装方式,分别是:

  • apt-get安装

    sudo apt-get install python-opencv
    

    但安装后查看编译选项中GUI为GTK3,代码中调用cv2.namedWindow()会报错。
    卸载: sudo apt-get remove python-opencv

  • pip安装

    # 查看pip中有哪些版本
    gw1@gw1-PC:~$ pip install opencv-python==
    ERROR: Could not find a version that satisfies the requirement opencv-python== (from versions: 3.4.0.14, 3.4.10.37, 4.3.0.38)
    ERROR: No matching distribution found for opencv-python==
    

    仓库中只有三个版本from versions: 3.4.0.14, 3.4.10.37, 4.3.0.38,其中适用于py2的只有3.4.0.14

    pip install opencv-python==3.4.0.14
    

    但是最后会报错导致安装失败,暂时还未找到原因。

  • 源码安装

    sudo apt-get install cmake g++
    # 安装gtk2支持
    sudo apt-get install libgtk2.0-dev
    # 安装gtk3支持
    sudo apt-get install libgtk-3-dev
    

    使用opencv-3.4.1.zip源码包,放置到~/need_install/3opencv下

    cd ~/need_install/3opencv
    unzip opencv-3.4.1.zip
    cd opencv-3.4.1
    mkdir build 
    cd build
    cmake -D WITH_GTK_2_X=ON ..
    

    这里我只加了WITH_GTK_2_X=ON的编译选项,表示使用GTK2。
    这里未指定安装位置,则采用默认位置安装,则会安装到系统如下目录:
    /usr/local/bin
    /usr/local/lib
    /usr/local/share
    后面的两个点表示上级目录,不能省略。

    cmake完成后,会出现如下结果:

    -- General configuration for OpenCV 3.4.1 =====================================
    --   Version control:               unknown
    -- 
    --   Platform:
    --     Timestamp:                   2021-12-15T02:38:04Z
    --     Host:                        Linux 4.19.0-arm64-desktop aarch64
    --     CMake:                       3.13.4
    --     CMake generator:             Unix Makefiles
    --     CMake build tool:            /usr/bin/make
    --     Configuration:               Release
    -- 
    --   CPU/HW features:
    --     Baseline:                    NEON FP16
    --       required:                  NEON
    --       disabled:                  VFPV3
    -- 
    --   C/C++:
    --     Built as dynamic libs?:      YES
    --     C++11:                       YES
    --     C++ Compiler:                /usr/bin/c++  (ver 8.3.0)
    --     C++ flags (Release):         -fsigned-char -W -Wall -Werror=return-type -Werror=non-virtual-dtor -Werror=address -Werror=sequence-point -Wformat -Werror=format-security -Wmissing-declarations -Wundef -Winit-self -Wpointer-arith -Wshadow -Wsign-promo -Wuninitialized -Winit-self -Wno-narrowing -Wno-delete-non-virtual-dtor -Wno-comment -Wno-implicit-fallthrough -fdiagnostics-show-option -pthread -fomit-frame-pointer -ffunction-sections -fdata-sections    -fvisibility=hidden -fvisibility-inlines-hidden -O3 -DNDEBUG  -DNDEBUG
    --     C++ flags (Debug):           -fsigned-char -W -Wall -Werror=return-type -Werror=non-virtual-dtor -Werror=address -Werror=sequence-point -Wformat -Werror=format-security -Wmissing-declarations -Wundef -Winit-self -Wpointer-arith -Wshadow -Wsign-promo -Wuninitialized -Winit-self -Wno-narrowing -Wno-delete-non-virtual-dtor -Wno-comment -Wno-implicit-fallthrough -fdiagnostics-show-option -pthread -fomit-frame-pointer -ffunction-sections -fdata-sections    -fvisibility=hidden -fvisibility-inlines-hidden -g  -O0 -DDEBUG -D_DEBUG
    --     C Compiler:                  /usr/bin/cc
    --     C flags (Release):           -fsigned-char -W -Wall -Werror=return-type -Werror=non-virtual-dtor -Werror=address -Werror=sequence-point -Wformat -Werror=format-security -Wmissing-declarations -Wmissing-prototypes -Wstrict-prototypes -Wundef -Winit-self -Wpointer-arith -Wshadow -Wuninitialized -Winit-self -Wno-narrowing -Wno-comment -Wno-implicit-fallthrough -fdiagnostics-show-option -pthread -fomit-frame-pointer -ffunction-sections -fdata-sections    -fvisibility=hidden -O3 -DNDEBUG  -DNDEBUG
    --     C flags (Debug):             -fsigned-char -W -Wall -Werror=return-type -Werror=non-virtual-dtor -Werror=address -Werror=sequence-point -Wformat -Werror=format-security -Wmissing-declarations -Wmissing-prototypes -Wstrict-prototypes -Wundef -Winit-self -Wpointer-arith -Wshadow -Wuninitialized -Winit-self -Wno-narrowing -Wno-comment -Wno-implicit-fallthrough -fdiagnostics-show-option -pthread -fomit-frame-pointer -ffunction-sections -fdata-sections    -fvisibility=hidden -g  -O0 -DDEBUG -D_DEBUG
    --     Linker flags (Release):      
    --     Linker flags (Debug):        
    --     ccache:                      NO
    --     Precompiled headers:         YES
    --     Extra dependencies:          dl m pthread rt
    --     3rdparty dependencies:
    -- 
    --   OpenCV modules:
    --     To be built:                 calib3d core dnn features2d flann highgui imgcodecs imgproc java_bindings_generator ml objdetect photo python2 python_bindings_generator shape stitching superres ts video videoio videostab
    --     Disabled:                    js world
    --     Disabled by dependency:      -
    --     Unavailable:                 cudaarithm cudabgsegm cudacodec cudafeatures2d cudafilters cudaimgproc cudalegacy cudaobjdetect cudaoptflow cudastereo cudawarping cudev java python3 viz
    --     Applications:                tests perf_tests apps
    --     Documentation:               NO
    --     Non-free algorithms:         NO
    -- 
    --   GUI: 
    --     GTK+:                        YES (ver 2.24.32)
    --       GThread :                  YES (ver 2.58.3)
    --       GtkGlExt:                  NO
    --     VTK support:                 NO
    -- 
    --   Media I/O: 
    --     ZLib:                        /usr/lib/aarch64-linux-gnu/libz.so (ver 1.2.11)
    --     JPEG:                        /usr/lib/aarch64-linux-gnu/libjpeg.so (ver )
    --     WEBP:                        build (ver encoder: 0x020e)
    --     PNG:                         /usr/lib/aarch64-linux-gnu/libpng.so (ver 1.6.36)
    --     TIFF:                        /usr/lib/aarch64-linux-gnu/libtiff.so (ver 42 / 4.1.0)
    --     JPEG 2000:                   build (ver 1.900.1)
    --     OpenEXR:                     /usr/lib/aarch64-linux-gnu/libImath.so /usr/lib/aarch64-linux-gnu/libIlmImf.so /usr/lib/aarch64-linux-gnu/libIex.so /usr/lib/aarch64-linux-gnu/libHalf.so /usr/lib/aarch64-linux-gnu/libIlmThread.so (ver 2.2.1)
    -- 
    --   Video I/O:
    --     DC1394:                      YES (ver 2.2.5)
    --     FFMPEG:                      YES
    --       avcodec:                   YES (ver 58.35.100)
    --       avformat:                  YES (ver 58.20.100)
    --       avutil:                    YES (ver 56.22.100)
    --       swscale:                   YES (ver 5.3.100)
    --       avresample:                YES (ver 4.0.0)
    --     GStreamer:                   NO
    --     libv4l/libv4l2:              NO
    --     v4l/v4l2:                    linux/videodev2.h
    --     gPhoto2:                     YES
    -- 
    --   Parallel framework:            pthreads
    -- 
    --   Trace:                         YES (built-in)
    -- 
    --   Other third-party libraries:
    --     Lapack:                      NO
    --     Eigen:                       NO
    --     Custom HAL:                  YES (carotene (ver 0.0.1))
    --     Protobuf:                    build (3.5.1)
    -- 
    --   NVIDIA CUDA:                   NO
    -- 
    --   OpenCL:                        YES (no extra features)
    --     Include path:                /home/gw1/need_install/3opencv/opencv-3.4.1/3rdparty/include/opencl/1.2
    --     Link libraries:              Dynamic load
    -- 
    --   Python 2:
    --     Interpreter:                 /usr/bin/python2.7 (ver 2.7.16)
    --     Libraries:                   /usr/lib/aarch64-linux-gnu/libpython2.7.so (ver 2.7.16)
    --     numpy:                       /usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/numpy/core/include (ver 1.16.2)
    --     packages path:               lib/python2.7/dist-packages
    -- 
    --   Python (for build):            /usr/bin/python2.7
    -- 
    --   Java:                          
    --     ant:                         NO
    --     JNI:                         NO
    --     Java wrappers:               NO
    --     Java tests:                  NO
    -- 
    --   Matlab:                        NO
    -- 
    --   Install to:                    /usr/local
    -- -----------------------------------------------------------------
    -- 
    -- Configuring done
    -- Generating done
    -- Build files have been written to: /home/gw1/need_install/3opencv/opencv-3.4.1/build
    

    其中GTK+: YES (ver 2.24.32)表示使用GTK2,Python 2InterpreterLibrariesnumpypackages path都有相应目录则表示成功找到python2,否则最后在python中import cv2会失败。

    make -j4
    sudo make install
    

上述三种方式中,我采用了源码安装,安装完成后,可通过python -c "import cv2; print(cv2.getBuildInformation())"查看编译选项,通过如下验证python中是否可调用:

gw1@gw1-PC:~$ python
Python 2.7.16 (default, Feb 26 2021, 06:12:30) 
[GCC 8.3.0] on linux2
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> import cv2
>>> cv2.__version__
'3.4.1'

安装视频捕获接口包

sudo apt-get install v4l-utils

三、关于卸载opencv-python

如果采用apt-get安装,卸载命令为sudo apt-get remove python-opencv
如果采用源码安装,则采用如下命令:

cd ~/need_install/3opencv/opencv-3.4.1/build
sudo make uninstall
sudo make clean
cd ..
sudo rm -r build
sudo rm -r 
/usr/local/include/opencv2 \
/usr/local/include/opencv \
/usr/include/opencv \
/usr/include/opencv2 \
/usr/local/share/opencv \
/usr/local/share/OpenCV \
/usr/share/opencv \
/usr/share/OpenCV \
/usr/local/bin/opencv* \
/usr/local/lib/libopencv*

cd /usr/
find . -name "*opencv*" | xargs sudo rm -rf

统信终端机配置

终端机需要安装v4l-utils_1.16.3-3_arm64.deb包,其依赖包libv4l2rds0_1.16.3-3_arm64.deb也没有同样需要安装。

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