实验报告四

一．实验拓扑

• 实验要求

1.除了R5的环回地址固定5.5.5.0/24，其他网段基于192.168.1.0/24进行合理划分；

2.R1-R4每个路由器存在两个环回接口，模拟PC，地址也在192.168.1.0/24网络内；

3.R1-R4不能直接编写到达5.5.5.0/24的静态路由，但依然可以访问；

4.全网可达，尽量减少每台路由器路由条目数量，避免环路；

5.R4与R5间，正常1000M链路通信，故障时自动改为100M；

• 实验步骤

1. 配置IP地址；

[R1]INT G0/0/0

[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]IP ADD 192.168.1.1 30

[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]INT G0/0/1

[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]IP ADD 192.168.1.5 30

[R1]interface LoopBack 0

[R1-LoopBack0]IP ADD 192.168.1.33 27

[R1-LoopBack0]INT L1

[R1-LoopBack1]IP ADD 192.168.1.49 27

[R2]interface G0/0/0

[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]IP ADD 192.168.1.2 30

[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]INT G0/0/1

[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]IP ADD 192.168.1.9 30

[R2]interface LoopBack 0

[R2-LoopBack0]IP address 192.168.1.65 28

[R2-LoopBack0]INT L1

[R2-LoopBack1]IP ADD 192.168.1.81 28

[R3]interface G0/0/0

[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]IP ADD 192.168.1.6 30

[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]INT G0/0/1

[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]IP ADD 192.168.1.13 30

[R3]interface LO

[R3]interface LoopBack 0

[R3-LoopBack0]IP ADD 192.168.1.97 28

[R3-LoopBack0]INT L1

[R3-LoopBack1]IP ADD 192.168.1.123 28

[R4]interface G0/0/0

[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]IP ADD 192.168.1.14 30

[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]INT G0/0/1

[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]IP ADD 192.168.1.10 30

[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]IP ADD 192.168.1.17 30

[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]INT G4/0/0

[R4-GigabitEthernet4/0/0]IP ADD 192.168.1.21 30

[R4]interface LO

[R4]interface LoopBack

[R4]interface LoopBack 0

[R4-LoopBack0]IP ADD 192.168.1.129 28

[R4-LoopBack1]IP ADD 192.168.1.145 28

[R5]INT G0/0/0

[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]IP ADD 192.168.1.22 30

[R5]INT G0/0/1

[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]IP ADD 192.168.1.18 30

[R5]interface LoopBack  0

[R5-LoopBack0]IP ADD 5.5.5.5 24

配完两种接口后，通过display IP int britef 检查

1. 配置静态路由协议（IP routing-static）

[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.64 27 192.168.1.2

[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.8 30 192.168.1.2

[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.16 30 192.168.1.2

[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.16 30 192.168.1.6

[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.20 30 192.168.1.6

[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.20 30 192.168.1.2

[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.12 30 192.168.1.6

[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.128 27 192.168.1.2

[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.128 27 192.168.1.6

[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.96 27 192.168.1.6

[R2]IP route-static 192.168.1.128 27 192.168.1.10

[R2]IP route-static 192.168.1.16 30 192.168.1.10

[R2]IP route-static 192.168.1.20 30 192.168.1.10

[R2]IP route-static 192.168.1.12 30 192.168.1.10

[R2]IP route-static 192.168.1.96 27 192.168.1.10

[R2]IP route-static 192.168.1.96 27 192.168.1.0

[R2]IP route-static 192.168.1.4 30 192.168.1.1

[R2]IP route-static 192.168.1.32 27 192.168.1.1

[R3]IP route-static 192.168.1.32 27 192.168.1.5

[R3]IP route-static 192.168.1.0 30 192.168.1.5

[R3]IP route-static 192.168.1.64 27 192.168.1.5

[R3]IP route-static 192.168.1.64 27 192.168.1.14

[R3]IP route-static 192.168.1.8 30 192.168.1.14

[R3]IP route-static 192.168.1.128 27 192.168.1.14

[R3]IP route-static 192.168.1.16 30 192.168.1.14

[R3]IP route-static 192.168.1.20 30 192.168.1.14

[R4]IP route-static 192.168.1.96 27 192.168.1.13

[R4]IP route-static 192.168.1.4 30 192.168.1.13

[R4]IP route-static 192.168.1.32 27 192.168.1.13

[R4]IP route-static 192.168.1.32 27 192.168.1.9

[R4]IP route-static 192.168.1.0 30 192.168.1.9

[R4]IP route-static 192.168.1.64 27 192.168.1.9

[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.128 27 192.168.1.17

[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.128 27 192.168.1.21

[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.12 30 192.168.1.17

[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.12 30 192.168.1.21

[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.96 27 192.168.1.17

[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.96 27 192.168.1.21

[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.4 30 192.168.1.17

[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.4 30 192.168.1.21

[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.32 27 192.168.1.17

[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.32 27 192.168.1.21

[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.0 30 192.168.1.17

[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.0 30 192.168.1.21

[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.64 27 192.168.1.17

[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.64 27 192.168.1.21

[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.8 30 192.168.1.17

[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.8 30 192.168.1.21

通过Dis IP rou protocal static查询静态路由表

通过ping可检测路径之间是否接通 静态路由协议是否有效

3.配缺省路由

R1]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 192.168.1.1

[R1]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 192.168.1.5

R2]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 192.168.1.10

[R3]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 192.168.1.14

[R4]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 192.168.1.18

[R4]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 192.168.1.22

通过ping可检测路径之间是否接通 静态路由协议是否有效

4.防还设计

[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.32 27 n

[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.32 27 NULL 0

[R2]ip route-static 192.168.1.64 27 n

[R2]ip route-static 192.168.1.64 27 NULL 0

[R3]ip route-static 192.168.1.96 27 n

[R3]ip route-static 192.168.1.96 27 NULL 0

[R4]ip route-static 192.168.1.128 27 n

[R4]ip route-static 192.168.1.128 27 NULL 0

5.浮动路由

由于G4/0/0和G0/0/2的ip地址互换后，无法配置优先级。

• 测试

经测试 所有路由的ping都无法连通5.5.5.5.

经过排查 是由G4/0/0和G0/0/2的ip地址相互配反导致造成的。

上图为地址互换后出现的状况

如果将G4/0/0和G0/0/2的ip地址互换后，可实现所有ping的连通，

但是互换地址后，之前所连接的静态路由协议，部分需要更正，需要老师您的进一步指导。