unique_lock:是个类模板。内存占用可能多一点,效率差一点。
unique_lock基本使用例子
static int num_push = 0;
static int num_pop = 0;
class A {
std::list<int>msgReceive;
std::mutex my_mutex;//创建一个互斥量的成员变量
public:
void inMsgRecQueue()
{
for (int i = 0; i < 100; ++i)
{
cout << ++num_push << endl;
std::unique_lock<mutex> test(my_mutex);
msgReceive.push_back(i);
}
}
bool booloutMsg(int &commend)
{
std::unique_lock<mutex> test(my_mutex);
if (!msgReceive.empty())
{
cout << ++num_pop << endl;
//消息不为空
commend = msgReceive.front();
msgReceive.pop_front();
//...其他处理
return true;
}
cout << ++num_pop << endl;
return false;
}
void outMsgRecQuene()
{
int commend = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < 100; ++i)
{
bool result = booloutMsg(commend);
if (result==true)
{
//成功处理
}
else
{
//消息为空
cout << "outMsgRecQuene执行,但是消息队列为空!" << endl;
}
}
}
};
int main()
{
A a;
std::thread myOutMsg(&A::outMsgRecQuene, &a);
std::thread myRecMsg(&A::inMsgRecQueue, &a);
myOutMsg.join();
myRecMsg.join();
cout << "num_push = " << num_push << endl
<< "num_pop = " << num_pop << endl;
return 0;
}
unique_lock()的第二个参数示例:
标记,表示已经被lock了。
void inMsgRecQueue()
{
for (int i = 0; i < 100; ++i)
{
cout << ++num_push << endl;
my_mutex.lock();
std::unique_lock<mutex> test(my_mutex,std::adopt_lock);
msgReceive.push_back(i);
}
}
std::chrono::milliseconds dura(20000);//休息20秒
std::this_thread::sleep_for(dura);//休息一定时长
try_to_lock():尝试mutex的lock去锁定这个mutex,但是如果没有锁定成功,也会立即返回,并不会阻塞。
void inMsgRecQueue()
{
for (int i = 0; i < 1000; ++i)
{
cout << ++num_push << endl;
//my_mutex.lock();
std::unique_lock<mutex> test(my_mutex,std::try_to_lock);
msgReceive.push_back(i);
}
}
defer_lock:不能先lock,不然会报异常。初始化一个没有加锁的mutex。然后要lock,但是可以不用手动解锁。
void inMsgRecQueue()
{
for (int i = 0; i < 1000; ++i)
{
cout << ++num_push << endl;
//my_mutex.lock();
std::unique_lock<mutex> test(my_mutex,std::defer_lock);
test.lock();
msgReceive.push_back(i);
}
}
线程睡2秒
sleep_for和sleep_util在C++11标准中
扩展后缀的功能在C++14标准中
std::this_thread::sleep_for(2s);
defer_lock和try_lock合用
void inMsgRecQueue()
{
for (int i = 0; i < 1000; ++i)
{
cout << ++num_push << endl;
//my_mutex.lock();
std::unique_lock<mutex> test(my_mutex,std::defer_lock);
if(test.try_lock()==true)
msgReceive.push_back(i);
}
}
release
void inMsgRecQueue()
{
for (int i = 0; i < 1000; ++i)
{
cout << ++num_push << endl;
//my_mutex.lock();
std::unique_lock<mutex> test(my_mutex);
std::mutex *pmx = test.release();
msgReceive.push_back(i);
pmx->unlock();
}
}
所有权可以转移(move),但是不能复制