Lumerical FDTD 2023 R2.3安装

已于 2024-03-26 12:35:18 修改
阅读量9.7k 收藏 25
点赞数 23
文章标签： 经验分享
于 2023-10-10 09:42:38 首次发布
版权声明：本文为博主原创文章，遵循 CC 4.0 BY-SA 版权协议，转载请附上原文出处链接和本声明。
本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/a1254098517/article/details/133737743
版权

R2的版本多加了GPU计算，但目前网上资源不多，目前拿R1版的license文件还是可以勉强使用的（主要想提供思路，以后再出新版本也许还能继续这么弄）

  1. 下载R2.3的安装包（链接我放在下面了）
  2. 将R1版本的crack文件都拿过来，将license里的2023.0105改成2023.1018（当然我链接里的crack已经改好了），然后lumerical安装过程同R1（这个教程可太多了，或者按照readme来也行，但是有一点需要注意的是，首先安装完manager，然后把crack文件夹里的ansys inc覆盖到manager安装位置，然后进行lumerical的安装，但是Launcher的安装位置我还是选择放在ansys inc里，所以安装完Launcher我就得拿crack文件夹里的ansys inc再覆盖一次）
  3. 到这一步我打开lumerical R2.3已经能打开了，功能上没有限制
  4. 最重要的是为了使用GPU计算，在Resource里选择GPU，关于配置方式官网里有https://optics.ansys.com/hc/en-us/articles/17518942465811-FDTD-GPU-Solver-Information
  5. 还有一点需要说明，就是安装R2的时候与R1并不冲突，不需要卸载R1，但是license manager只能用R2（license manager R2也能配合lumerical R1使用)

R2用了快两个月了，目前来看还没什么问题（可能我是入门的小白，所以没碰到，希望能向大佬们学习学习）
https://url31.ctfile.com/f/17149931-982803475-2a3a1f?p=9345（访问密码：9345）
（有特殊原因，我只能先放在这个网盘了）

现在网上有2024 R1了

链接：https://pan.baidu.com/s/1uAXzR1HkxyNe0pVNhyOQNw?pwd=c3sn
提取码：c3sn

注：仅提供用于学术研究，不能用于商业途径以及非法用途，请下载后24小时内进行删除

在这里插入图片描述
在这里插入图片描述

@957
关注
  • 23
    点赞
  • 踩
  • 25
    收藏
    觉得还不错? 一键收藏
  • 打赏
    打赏
  • 85
    评论
lumerical安装教程
XWZJ68的博客
04-12 1万+
lumerical安装教程： 1，以前装有2015或其他版本的这个软件，首先要卸载Lumerical FlexNet License Manager和DEVICE, FDTD, INTERCONNECT and MODE 四个模块，清理干净，关闭杀毒软件和防火墙及UAC（控制面板–系统和安全—更改用户账户控制设置，拉到最下面选从不通知，点击应用—确定，重启电脑即可） 2，打开install\Lum...
FDTD solution
07-14
FDTD Solutions 是一款三维麦克斯韦方程求解软件，可以分析紫外、可见、红外至太赫兹和微波频率段电磁波与具有亚波长典型尺寸复杂结构的相互作用。
fdtd solutions 教程
09-15
fdtd solutions 7.5教程
FDTD软件教程
10-02
FDTD是加拿大公司开发的基于时域有限差分法（FDTD）的微纳光子学仿真高性能多处理器麦克斯韦方程求解软件，可用于纳光子器件、工艺和材料的设计、分析和优化。
Ansys Lumerical_2023R1软件安装教程
学生一枚。
05-23 1647
Ansys Lumerial_2023R1软件安装教程，光学方面。
Lumerical_FDTD_Solutions_8.19.1584_Win64
07-10
本人学习纳米技术时找到的FDTD软件资源。 FDTD Solutions软件由加拿大Lumerical Solutions公司出品。该公司成立于2003年，总部位于加拿大温哥华。用户用该公司软件已发表大量高影响因子论文，并被许多国际著名大公司和学术团队所使用。FDTD Solutions：基于矢量3维麦克斯维方程求解，采用时域有限差分FDTD法将空间网格化，时间上一步步计算，从时间域信号中获得宽波段的稳态连续波结果，独有的材料模型可以在宽波段内精确描述材料的色散特性，内嵌高速、高性能计算引擎，能一次计算获得宽波段多波长结果，能模拟任意3维形状，提供精确的色散材料模型。
ANSYS.2023.R1.Products.Win64-SSQ
01-02
ANSYS.2023.R1.Products.Win64-SSQ，不知道更新了啥，自己验证，不好下载就先保存到迅雷网盘，再下载。
FDTD 2020安装/运行中存在的问题
weixin_44155007的博客
04-22 1370
把c盘\user\开机用户名\appdata\roaming\lumerical\里的fdtd.ini的配置文件删除再跑试试，果然就可以运行了，如果你找不到的话就查看，找到隐藏的文件。当然是可以安装在C盘的，小编这次安装了好几次之后怕安装在D盘不能用，就安装在C盘，发现占用了3.6G，后来咨询了专业人士之后，重新安装在D盘。打开那个flex那个文件夹，以管理员身份运行uninstall.bat，就可以卸载证书了，删除文件夹后重启即可。这个问题首先是觉得MPI有问题，于是就重新进行了安装，
lumerical安装时出现intel mpi runtime装不上的问题
a1254098517的博客
06-09 2883
临时解决lumerical安装出现Intel mpi runtime错误的问题
2020 Ansys Lumerical FDTD MODE安装步骤说明
热门推荐
csyyyyy的博客
07-13 1万+
lumerical 仿真 FDTD MODE
lumerical2023R1安装报错问题MPI runtime
weixin_57016665的博客
01-22 810
安装runtime这里可能会报找不到路径的错误，直接修改一下装到C盘里一个文件夹就好，最好用英文命名。打开目录下的红圈文件夹分别安装。重新打开，可以正常安装了。
FDTD经典教程
06-04
比较全面的关于FDTD算法的介绍。欢迎下载。主要用于电磁计算方面。
FDTD用户手册
09-07
FDTD软件英文使用说明 Initial Properties dialog box ................................................................................... 33 Mask Export............................................................................................................. 41 Profile Designer....................................................................................................... 42 Wafer Properties ..................................................................................................... 42 Profiles In Use ......................................................................................................... 44 Properties ................................................................................................................ 45 Toolbars ................................................................................................................... 45 Status bar................................................................................................................. 45 Color Spectrum ....................................................................................................... 46 Workbook Mode ...................................................................................................... 49 3D Graph Items........................................................................................................ 50 Show slice selector................................................................................................. 54 Refractive Index (X, Y, and Z directions) .............................................................. 54 Zoom tool................................................................................................................. 54 Edit Parameters....................................................................................................... 56 2D Simulation Parameters...................................................................................... 62 3D Simulation Parameters...................................................................................... 66 3D Simulation Parameters for 64-bit simulator .................................................... 68 2D Band Solver Parameters ................................................................................... 73 PWE Band Solver .................................................................................................... 78 Test Script................................................................................................................ 86 Run Script (2D or 3D).............................................................................................. 86 Generate Template Script....................................................................................... 86 Generate Layout Script........................................................................................... 86 Generate Scanning Script ...................................................................................... 86 Preferences menu ................................................................................................... 87 Edit Menu ................................................................................................................. 89 3D Objects ...................................................................................................... 93 Common elements of 3D object waveguides ....................................................... 94 Clipping Planes ..................................................................................................... 103 Profile Designer ........................................................................................... 107 Main parts of the GUI ............................................................................................ 108 Main menu bar....................................................................................................... 112 Toolbars ................................................................................................................. 112 Library Browser toolbar ....................................................................................... 113 Profile toolbar........................................................................................................ 114Table of Contents Installing OptiFDTD ......................................................................................... 1 Hardware and software requirements..................................................................... 1 Protection key ........................................................................................................... 2 Installation ................................................................................................................. 2 Technical support ..................................................................................................... 3 Overview........................................................................................................... 5 What is OptiFDTD? ................................................................................................... 5 OptiFDTD applications and how they relate to one another................................. 6 OptiFDTD_Designer .................................................................................................. 6 Main elements of a layout design............................................................................ 8 What’s new in OptiFDTD 8.0 ......................................................................... 11 64-bit 2D Simulator ................................................................................................. 11 Heating Absorption................................................................................................. 13 Total Field Scattering Field 2D simulations and analysis ................................... 13 OptiFDTD_Designer....................................................................................... 17 Main parts of the GUI .............................................................................................. 18 Main menu bar......................................................................................................... 22 Toolbars ................................................................................................................... 22 OptiFDTD_Designer menus and buttons..................................................... 23 File menu ................................................................................................................. 23 Edit menu................................................................................................................. 24 View menu ............................................................................................................... 25 Tools menu .............................................................................................................. 27 Draw menu............................................................................................................... 27 Simulation menu ..................................................................................................... 31 Preferences menu ................................................................................................... 31 Window menu.......................................................................................................... 32 Help menu................................................................................................................ 32 OptiFDTD_Designer functions...................................................................... 33OptiBPM Specific Materials ........................................................................ 169 Material Class ........................................................................................................ 169 Create and edit materials ..................................................................................... 169 Dielectric material (Ordinary)............................................................................... 170 Diffused material ................................................................................................... 173 OptiFDTD Specific Materials....................................................................... 177 Material Class ........................................................................................................ 177 Create and edit materials ..................................................................................... 177 Dielectric ................................................................................................................ 178 Dispersion.............................................................................................................. 183 Converting the ‘Sellmeier equation’ to ‘Lorentz Model’ .................................... 184 Nonlinear................................................................................................................ 192 Perfect Conductor................................................................................................. 196 2D Band Solver ............................................................................................ 199 2D Band Solver Parameters ................................................................................. 199 File menu ............................................................................................................... 201 Simulation menu ................................................................................................... 201 View menu ............................................................................................................. 201 Help menu.............................................................................................................. 202 Waveguides.................................................................................................. 205 Waveguide properties........................................................................................... 205 Waveguide profiles ............................................................................................... 205 Wafer ...................................................................................................................... 208 Waveguide vs. wafer............................................................................................. 209 Initial data .............................................................................................................. 211 Local Coordinate System ..................................................................................... 211 User Interface of a Parameterized position of a Layout Shape ........................ 212 Waveguides ........................................................................................................... 214 Linear ..................................................................................................................... 216 Arc .......................................................................................................................... 222 Elliptic .................................................................................................................... 228 Ring ........................................................................................................................ 233 S-Bend Sines ......................................................................................................... 239 S-Bend Arc............................................................................................................. 239 S-Bend Sine ........................................................................................................... 244S-Bend Cosine....................................................................................................... 250 Linear Taper........................................................................................................... 256 Parabolic Taper ..................................................................................................... 262 Exponential Taper ................................................................................................. 267 S-Bend Arc Taper.................................................................................................. 273 S-Bend Sine Taper ................................................................................................ 278 S-Bend Cosine Taper............................................................................................ 285 Circular Lens ......................................................................................................... 291 Elliptic Lens ........................................................................................................... 296 Parabolic Lens....................................................................................................... 303 Hyperbolic Lens .................................................................................................... 309 Polynomial ............................................................................................................. 315 Photonic Band Gap (PBG) Crystal Structure ..................................................... 321 Basic 3D Linear Tapering and Proportional Interpretation of Fiber Profile..... 330 Input Field..................................................................................................... 339 Input Field vs. Input Plane.................................................................................... 339 Insert an input plane ............................................................................................. 340 Input Field dialog box ........................................................................................... 343 Mode—Global Data: ADI Method ......................................................................... 359 Mode Solver 2D ..................................................................................................... 379 Mode Solver 2D—menus ...................................................................................... 380 Mode Solver 2D—tabs .......................................................................................... 396 TFSF Region Properties ....................................................................................... 401 3D Mode Solver............................................................................................ 407 Main parts of the GUI ............................................................................................ 410 Main menu bar....................................................................................................... 414 Toolbars ................................................................................................................. 414 3D Mode Solver menus and buttons.......................................................... 417 File menu ............................................................................................................... 417 View menu ............................................................................................................. 417 Simulation menu ................................................................................................... 419 Data menu.............................................................................................................. 419 Preferences menu ................................................................................................. 420 Help menu.............................................................................................................. 420 3D Mode Solver functions........................................................................... 421Profile Designer menus............................................................................... 117 File menu ............................................................................................................... 117 View menu ............................................................................................................. 117 Tools menu ............................................................................................................ 117 Help menu.............................................................................................................. 117 Profile Designer context menu ............................................................................ 118 Profile Designer functions .......................................................................... 119 Library Browser..................................................................................................... 119 Compare Libraries ................................................................................................ 119 Edit Variables and Functions............................................................................... 122 Mode—Global Data: ADI Method ......................................................................... 123 Mode Settings........................................................................................................ 124 Options................................................................................................................... 125 Profiles.......................................................................................................... 127 Fiber ....................................................................................................................... 127 Channel .................................................................................................................. 131 OptiBPM Specific Diffused Materials ......................................................... 137 Custom Diffusion Processes and Arbitrary Index Profiles ............................... 137 Diffusion Process Library .................................................................................... 137 Ti:LiNb03 profile - Titanium diffusion in lithium niobate................................... 138 Ti:LiNbO 3 Pro toolbar ........................................................................................... 139 Mg:LiNb03 profile - Magnesium diffusion in lithium niobate............................ 143 Mg:LiNb0 3 Pro toolbar .......................................................................................... 144 Proton Exchange profile - H+:LiNb03.................................................................. 148 Proton Exchange toolbar ..................................................................................... 149 Annealing Process................................................................................................ 151 OptiBPM Specific User Function Profile.................................................... 153 OptiBPM Specific User DLL Profile............................................................ 159 Center point ........................................................................................................... 162 Materials ....................................................................................................... 167Mode Found........................................................................................................... 421 Status Bar .............................................................................................................. 422 3D Graph Items...................................................................................................... 422 Show slice selector............................................................................................... 426 Customize .............................................................................................................. 426 Data menu.............................................................................................................. 429 3D Graph Settings................................................................................................. 432 Layout Options...................................................................................................... 441 Observation Points, Areas, and Lines ....................................................... 445 Observation Point ................................................................................................. 445 Observation Area .................................................................................................. 445 Observation Line................................................................................................... 446 Simulation toolbar................................................................................................. 446 Observation Points...................................................................................... 447 Observation properties—Point dialog box ......................................................... 448 Observation Area......................................................................................... 451 Observation properties -- X-Z Area dialog box .................................................. 452 Observation properties -- Y-Z Area dialog box .................................................. 455 Observation properties -- X-Y Area dialog box .................................................. 457 Observation Area Analysis dialog box ............................................................... 459 Observation Line.......................................................................................... 474 Observation properties -- Vertical Line dialog box............................................ 475 OptiFDTD_Simulator (2D)............................................................................ 479 Main parts of the GUI ............................................................................................ 480 Main menu bar....................................................................................................... 483 Toolbars ................................................................................................................. 483 OptiFDTD_Simulator (2D) menus and buttons ......................................... 485 File menu ............................................................................................................... 485 View menu ............................................................................................................. 485 Simulation menu ................................................................................................... 487 Preferences menu ................................................................................................. 489Export..................................................................................................................... 597 3D Graph Items...................................................................................................... 598 Simulation menu ................................................................................................... 598 Components menu................................................................................................ 601 Preferences menu ................................................................................................. 601 OptiFDTD Tools............................................................................................ 605 Overlap Integral............................................................................................ 607 Gaussian Overlap Scanner ......................................................................... 615 Overlap Integral Scanner ............................................................................ 619 Multiple Fields .............................................................................................. 623 Notes ...................................................................................................................... 628 Multiple Gaussians ...................................................................................... 629 Notes ...................................................................................................................... 632 Confinement Factor ..................................................................................... 633 Notes ...................................................................................................................... 638 Far Field........................................................................................................ 639 Fraunhofer approximation ................................................................................... 639 Fresnel-Kirchhoff Diffraction Formula ................................................................ 640 2D Far Field............................................................................................................ 641 3D Far Field............................................................................................................ 643 References............................................................................................................. 645 Mode 2D........................................................................................................ 647 Modes of Planar Waveguides .............................................................................. 649 File menu ............................................................................................................... 650 Edit menu............................................................................................................... 650 View menu ............................................................................................................. 651 Simulation menu ................................................................................................... 651 Window menu........................................................................................................ 651Help menu.............................................................................................................. 489 Simulation Parameters ......................................................................................... 490 Boundary Conditions............................................................................................ 491 Observation Point ................................................................................................. 492 Finalization ............................................................................................................ 494 OptiFDTD_Simulator (2D) functions .......................................................... 495 View list.................................................................................................................. 495 Status bar............................................................................................................... 496 3D Graph settings ................................................................................................. 501 OptiFDTD_Simulator (3D)............................................................................ 513 Main parts of the GUI ............................................................................................ 514 Main menu bar....................................................................................................... 517 Toolbars ................................................................................................................. 517 OptiFDTD_Simulator (3D) menus and buttons ......................................... 519 File menu ............................................................................................................... 519 View menu ............................................................................................................. 519 Simulation menu ................................................................................................... 522 Preferences menu ................................................................................................. 523 Help menu.............................................................................................................. 523 Simulation Parameters ......................................................................................... 524 Boundary Conditions............................................................................................ 525 Finalization ............................................................................................................ 527 OptiFDTD_Simulator (3D) functions .......................................................... 529 View list.................................................................................................................. 529 Status bar............................................................................................................... 530 3D Graph settings ................................................................................................. 535 PWE Band Solver......................................................................................... 545 OptiFDTD_Analyzer (2D Simulations)........................................................ 553 Main parts of the GUI ............................................................................................ 554 Components .......................................................................................................... 556 Main menu bar....................................................................................................... 559Toolbars ................................................................................................................. 559 OptiFDTD_Analyzer menus and buttons (2D Simulations)...................... 561 File menu ............................................................................................................... 561 View menu ............................................................................................................. 562 Components menu................................................................................................ 563 Simulation menu ................................................................................................... 564 Preferences menu ................................................................................................. 564 Tools menu ............................................................................................................ 564 Window menu........................................................................................................ 565 Help menu.............................................................................................................. 565 OptiFDTD_Analyzer functions (2D Simulations)....................................... 567 Export..................................................................................................................... 567 3D Graph Items...................................................................................................... 568 Components menu................................................................................................ 568 Simulation menu ................................................................................................... 568 Preferences menu ................................................................................................. 571 Tools menu ............................................................................................................ 571 OptiFDTD_Analyzer (3D Simulations)........................................................ 575 Main parts of the GUI ............................................................................................ 576 Main menu bar....................................................................................................... 580 Toolbars ................................................................................................................. 580 OptiFDTD_Analyzer menus and buttons (3D simulations) ...................... 581 File menu ............................................................................................................... 581 View menu ............................................................................................................. 582 Components menu................................................................................................ 583 Simulation menu ................................................................................................... 584 Preferences menu ................................................................................................. 584 Tools menu ............................................................................................................ 584 Window menu........................................................................................................ 585 Help menu.............................................................................................................. 585 OptiFDTD_Analyzer functions (3D simulations) ....................................... 587 Analysis Tools....................................................................................................... 587Code V Converter......................................................................................... 727 Data format ............................................................................................................ 729 EXFO OWA Converter ................................................................................. 731 Zemax Converter.......................................................................................... 739 Conversion ............................................................................................................ 739 Notes on Conversion ............................................................................................ 740 Data formats .......................................................................................................... 741 ZEMAX Beam File (ZBF) binary format ............................................................... 741 Appendix A: Opti2D Graph Control............................................................ 743 User interface features ......................................................................................... 744 Graph Properties dialog ....................................................................................... 754 Appendix B: File formats ............................................................................ 763 Data file formats .................................................................................................... 763 Appendix C: Parser supported functions.................................................. 773 Supported functions ............................................................................................. 773 Function Limits and _FnRslt_.............................................................................. 778 Appendix D: Batch processing................................................................... 781 Automatic loading of VB Script from command line ......................................... 785Simulation functions............................................................................................. 652 Correlation Function Method (CFM).................................................................... 660 File menu ............................................................................................................... 661 Edit menu............................................................................................................... 661 View menu ............................................................................................................. 662 Simulation menu ................................................................................................... 662 Window menu........................................................................................................ 662 Simulation functions............................................................................................. 663 User Defined File................................................................................................... 672 File menu ............................................................................................................... 673 Edit menu............................................................................................................... 674 View menu ............................................................................................................. 674 Simulation menu ................................................................................................... 674 Window menu........................................................................................................ 674 Notes: ..................................................................................................................... 676 Mode 3D........................................................................................................ 677 File menu ............................................................................................................... 677 Edit menu............................................................................................................... 678 View menu ............................................................................................................. 678 Operations menu................................................................................................... 680 Simulation menu ................................................................................................... 680 Draw Tool menu .................................................................................................... 681 Preferences menu ................................................................................................. 681 Layout Designer Dialog boxes of Mode Solver 3D ............................................ 683 Layout Settings layout dialog box....................................................................... 702 Waveguide Colors layout dialog box .................................................................. 703 Notes: ..................................................................................................................... 704 User Guide of View 3D................................................................................. 705 Commands of View 3D ......................................................................................... 705 View menu ............................................................................................................. 707 Toolbars menu ...................................................................................................... 707 Status Bar menu.................................................................................................... 708 Settings menu ....................................................................................................... 711 Dialog boxes of View 3D....................................................................................... 713 Notes: ..................................................................................................................... 726
FDTD 学位论文 比较适合初学者
04-16
FDTD相关的学位论文,比较适合初学者,本文是关于天线方面的
专业FDTD软件lumerical破解版,时域有限差分法
01-20
利用时域有限差分法的专业光学建模工具----lumerical破解版，32位\64为系统具有
Lumerical FDTD Solutions Scrip脚本语言官方教程学习笔记
05-17
本资源为Lumerical FDTD Solutions Scrip脚本语言的官方教程学习笔记，由个人在官方Script基本教学视频中学习并整理得到，对于快速入门Lumerical脚本语言，并将其应用于仿真当中具有一定的价值。Lumerical FDTD采用...
关于有限时域差分法，Lumerical-FDTD Solutions的中文指导手册
09-02
关于有限时域差分法，Lumerical-FDTD Solutions的中文指导手册，非常详细，每一个图标的意义和用法都有解释说明，从软件各个图标含义，到使用步骤和建模流程，以及背后理论解释，都有详解。从事光学建模仿真相关学习...
Ansys Lumerical FDTD导入自定义光源数据
最新发布
06-30
光束数据
Lumerical FDTD,MODE官方案例下载
apple_73565423的博客
03-20 1702
Lumerical FDTD,MODE官方案例下载。
lumerical fdtd案例
09-22
Lumerical FDTD是一种基于有限差分时域（FDTD）方法的电磁场仿真软件，用于模拟光学、纳米光学和光子学器件。它提供了强大的仿真工具和高性能计算能力，能够准确地模拟光的传播、干涉、衍射和吸收现象，帮助工程师优化器件设计和性能分析。 通过Lumerical FDTD可以模拟各种常见的光学器件，如光纤、光栅、光学天线和激光器等。用户可以根据自己的需求在软件中建立相关的几何结构和材料参数，然后设置光源、边界条件和仿真参数，进行模拟分析。在仿真过程中，可以观察光的传播路径、强度分布和能量损失等信息，并对器件进行优化。 通过Lumerical FDTD可以得到许多实用的结果。例如，可以计算器件的透射谱和反射谱，可用于分析光的频率特性。同时，可以通过参数扫描功能对不同设计方案进行比较，找到性能最优的方案。此外，软件还提供了丰富的分析工具，如耦合模理论（CMT）、光谱分析和增益计算等，可以更深入地研究器件的工作原理和性能。 Lumerical FDTD具有友好的用户界面和强大的后处理功能，能够生成各种图表、图像和动画，以直观地展示仿真结果。同时，软件还支持脚本编程，用户可以编写自己的脚本程序进行自动化仿真和数据分析，提高工作效率。 总之，Lumerical FDTD是一款功能强大、灵活易用的电磁场仿真软件，广泛应用于光学和光子学领域。它可以帮助工程师更好地理解光的行为，优化器件设计，加速技术研发过程。

“相关推荐”对你有帮助么？

  • 非常没帮助
  • 没帮助
  • 一般
  • 有帮助
  • 非常有帮助
提交
评论 85
添加红包

请填写红包祝福语或标题

个

红包个数最小为10个

元

红包金额最低5元

当前余额3.43元 前往充值 >
需支付：10.00元
成就一亿技术人!
领取后你会自动成为博主和红包主的粉丝 规则
hope_wisdom
发出的红包

打赏作者

@957

你的鼓励将是我创作的最大动力

¥1 ¥2 ¥4 ¥6 ¥10 ¥20
扫码支付：¥1
获取中
扫码支付

您的余额不足，请更换扫码支付或充值

打赏作者

实付元
使用余额支付
点击重新获取
扫码支付
钱包余额 0

抵扣说明：

1.余额是钱包充值的虚拟货币，按照1:1的比例进行支付金额的抵扣。
2.余额无法直接购买下载，可以购买VIP、付费专栏及课程。

余额充值