cisco Routing-RIP动态路由配置

问题

在相对较小而且结构不变的网络中，静态路由是很好的解决方案，它配置简单而且不过多消耗设备资源(动态路由协议在运行时要消耗路由器内部资源，在与其他路由器更新信息时又会消耗网络资源)。

然而在大型网络中，网络非常多，而且很有可能因为某些因素的影响，网络拓扑会有轻微变化。这时如果仍然采用静态路由就非常不方便了。

通过RIP实现路由间通信

方案

动态路由协议配置灵活，路由器会发送自身的路由信息给其他路由器，同时也会接收其他路由器发来的路由信息建立自己的路由表。这样在路由器上就不必像静态路由那样为每个目标地址都配置路由，因为路由器可以通过协议学习这些路由。网络拓扑改变，路由信息也会自动更新，无需管理员干预。

拓扑图

步骤

1.按拓扑图配置路由接口IP和vlan

2.在三台路由上配置RIP路由协议

tarena-router1(config)#router rip

tarena-router1(config-router)#version2 //version 1不支持部连续的子网，它们区别在于version 1可以接收version 1和version 2发送的宣告，因为version 2默认自动进行汇总;而version 2是无类路由协议。还有就是version 1是有类路由协议：关闭路由汇总功能，有两个版本及version 1和version 2。

tarena-router1(config-router)#noauto-summary //关闭路由汇总功能

tarena-router1(config-router)#network 192.168.1.0

tarena-router1(config-router)#network 192.168.2.0

tarena-router2(config)#router rip

tarena-router2(config-router)#version 2

tarena-router2(config-router)#no auto-summary

tarena-router2(config-router)#network 192.168.3.0

tarena-router2(config-router)#network 192.168.2.0

tarena-router3(config)#router rip

tarena-router3(config-router)#version 2

tarena-router3(config-router)#no auto-summary

tarena-router3(config-router)#network 192.168.3.0

tarena-router3(config-router)#network 192.168.4.0

3.分别在三台路由器上查看路由表

tarena-router1#show ip route

Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP

D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area

N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2

E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP

i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area

* - candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODR

P - periodic downloaded static route

Gateway of last resort is not set

C 192.168.1.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0

C 192.168.2.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/1

R 192.168.3.0/24 [120/1] via 192.168.2.2, 00:00:26, FastEthernet0/1

R 192.168.4.0/24 [120/2] via 192.168.2.2, 00:00:26, FastEthernet0/1

tarena-router2#show ip route 

Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP

D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area

N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2

E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP

i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area

* - candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODR

P - periodic downloaded static route

Gateway of last resort is not set

R 192.168.1.0/24 [120/1] via 192.168.2.1, 00:00:04, FastEthernet0/1

C 192.168.2.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/1

C 192.168.3.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0

R 192.168.4.0/24 [120/1] via 192.168.3.2, 00:00:09, FastEthernet0/0

tarena-router3#show ip route 

Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP

D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area

N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2

E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP

i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area

* - candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODR

P - periodic downloaded static route

Gateway of last resort is not set

R 192.168.1.0/24 [120/2] via 192.168.3.1, 00:00:20, FastEthernet0/0

R 192.168.2.0/24 [120/1] via 192.168.3.1, 00:00:20, FastEthernet0/0

C 192.168.3.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0

C 192.168.4.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/1

4.在PC上测试到主机的通信

PC>ping 192.168.4.1

Pinging 192.168.4.1 with 32 bytes of data:

Reply from 192.168.4.1: bytes=32 time=0ms TTL=125

Reply from 192.168.4.1: bytes=32 time=0ms TTL=125

Reply from 192.168.4.1: bytes=32 time=0ms TTL=125

Reply from 192.168.4.1: bytes=32 time=0ms TTL=125

Ping statistics for 192.168.4.1:

Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 4, Lost = 0 (0% loss),

Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds:

Minimum = 0ms, Maximum = 0ms, Average = 0ms