1 前言
项目上需要多个按键输入, 因此记录一下多个按键的中断如何做
2 修改设备树
pinctrl_gpio_keys: gpio-keys {
fsl,pins = <
MX6UL_PAD_SNVS_TAMPER2__GPIO5_IO02 0x80000000 /* KEY1 */
MX6ULL_PAD_SNVS_TAMPER8__GPIO5_IO08 0x80000000 /* KEY2 */
MX6ULL_PAD_SNVS_TAMPER0__GPIO5_IO00 0x80000000 /* KEY3 */
MX6ULL_PAD_SNVS_TAMPER1__GPIO5_IO01 0x80000000 /* KEY4 */
MX6ULL_PAD_SNVS_TAMPER4__GPIO5_IO04 0x80000000 /* KEY5 */
>;
};
input_keys {
#address-cells = <1>;
#size-cells = <0>;
compatible = "gpio-keys";
pinctrl-names = "default";
pinctrl-0 = <&pinctrl_gpio_keys>;
status = "okay";
key1@1 {
label = "KEY1";
interrupt-parent = <&gpio5>;
interrupts = <2 IRQ_TYPE_EDGE_BOTH>;
gpios = <&gpio5 2 GPIO_ACTIVE_LOW>;
};
key2@2 {
label = "KEY2";
interrupt-parent = <&gpio5>;
interrupts = <8 IRQ_TYPE_EDGE_BOTH>;
gpios = <&gpio5 8 GPIO_ACTIVE_LOW>;
};
key3@3 {
label = "KEY3";
linux,code = <>;
interrupt-parent = <&gpio5>;
interrupts = <0 IRQ_TYPE_EDGE_BOTH>;
gpios = <&gpio5 0 GPIO_ACTIVE_LOW>;
};
key4@4 {
label = "KEY4";
interrupt-parent = <&gpio5>;
interrupts = <1 IRQ_TYPE_EDGE_BOTH>;
gpios = <&gpio5 1 GPIO_ACTIVE_LOW>;
};
key5@5 {
label = "KEY5";
interrupt-parent = <&gpio5>;
interrupts = <4 IRQ_TYPE_EDGE_BOTH>;
gpios = <&gpio5 4 GPIO_ACTIVE_LOW>;
};
};
3 创建字符驱动
需要注意的是,在注册中断的时候, 对于每个中断都要有不同的中断函数和中断值, 不然就会注册失败 返回-22
#include <linux/types.h>
#include <linux/kernel.h>
#include <linux/delay.h>
#include <linux/ide.h>
#include <linux/init.h>
#include <linux/module.h>
#include <linux/errno.h>
#include <linux/gpio.h>
#include <linux/cdev.h>
#include <linux/device.h>
#include <linux/of.h>
#include <linux/of_address.h>
#include <linux/of_gpio.h>
#include <linux/semaphore.h>
#include <linux/timer.h>
#include <linux/of_irq.h>
#include <linux/irq.h>
#include <linux/wait.h>
#include <linux/poll.h>
#include <asm/mach/map.h>
#include <asm/uaccess.h>
#include <asm/io.h>
#define KEY_NUM 5 /* 按键数量 */
#define IMX6UIRQ_NAME "/input_keys" /* 名字 */
#define IMX6UIRQ_PROPETY_NAME "gpios"
#define INVAKEY 0XFF /* 无效的按键值 */
char key_value[] = {0x01,0x02,0x03,0x04,0x05};
/* 中断IO描述结构体 */
struct irq_keydesc {
int gpio; /* gpio */
int irqnum; /* 中断号 */
unsigned char value; /* 按键对应的键值 */
char name[10]; /* 名字 */
irqreturn_t (*handler)(int, void *); /* 中断服务函数 */
};
/* imx6uirq设备结构体 */
struct imx6uirq_dev{
dev_t devid; /* 设备号 */
struct cdev cdev; /* cdev */
struct class *class; /* 类 */
struct device *device; /* 设备 */
int major; /* 主设备号 */
int minor; /* 次设备号 */
struct device_node *nd; /* 设备节点 */
atomic_t keyvalue; /* 有效的按键键值 */
atomic_t releasekey; /* 标记是否完成一次完成的按键,包括按下和释放 */
struct timer_list timer;/* 定义一个定时器*/
struct irq_keydesc irqkeydesc[KEY_NUM]; /* 按键init述数组 */
unsigned char curkeynum; /* 当前init按键号 */
wait_queue_head_t r_wait; /* 读等待队列头 */
};
struct imx6uirq_dev imx6uirq; /* irq设备 */
/* @description : 中断服务函数,开启定时器
* 定时器用于按键消抖。
* @param - irq : 中断号
* @param - dev_id : 设备结构。
* @return : 中断执行结果
*/
static irqreturn_t key0_handler(int irq, void *dev_id)
{
struct imx6uirq_dev *dev = (struct imx6uirq_dev*)dev_id;
dev->curkeynum = 0;
dev->timer.data = (volatile long)dev_id;
mod_timer(&dev->timer, jiffies + msecs_to_jiffies(10)); /* 10ms定时 */
return IRQ_RETVAL(IRQ_HANDLED);
}
static irqreturn_t key1_handler(int irq, void *dev_id)
{
struct imx6uirq_dev *dev = (struct imx6uirq_dev*)dev_id;
dev->curkeynum = 1;
dev->timer.data = (volatile long)dev_id;
mod_timer(&dev->timer, jiffies + msecs_to_jiffies(10)); /* 10ms定时 */
return IRQ_RETVAL(IRQ_HANDLED);
}
static irqreturn_t key2_handler(int irq, void *dev_id)
{
struct imx6uirq_dev *dev = (struct imx6uirq_dev*)dev_id;
dev->curkeynum = 2;
dev->timer.data = (volatile long)dev_id;
mod_timer(&dev->timer, jiffies + msecs_to_jiffies(10)); /* 10ms定时 */
return IRQ_RETVAL(IRQ_HANDLED);
}
static irqreturn_t key3_handler(int irq, void *dev_id)
{
struct imx6uirq_dev *dev = (struct imx6uirq_dev*)dev_id;
dev->curkeynum = 3;
dev->timer.data = (volatile long)dev_id;
mod_timer(&dev->timer, jiffies + msecs_to_jiffies(10)); /* 10ms定时 */
return IRQ_RETVAL(IRQ_HANDLED);
}
static irqreturn_t key4_handler(int irq, void *dev_id)
{
struct imx6uirq_dev *dev = (struct imx6uirq_dev*)dev_id;
dev->curkeynum = 4;
dev->timer.data = (volatile long)dev_id;
mod_timer(&dev->timer, jiffies + msecs_to_jiffies(10)); /* 10ms定时 */
return IRQ_RETVAL(IRQ_HANDLED);
}
/* @description : 定时器服务函数,用于按键消抖,定时器到了以后
* 再次读取按键值,如果按键还是处于按下状态就表示按键有效。
* @param - arg : 设备结构变量
* @return : 无
*/
void timer_function(unsigned long arg)
{
unsigned char value;
unsigned char num;
struct irq_keydesc *keydesc;
struct imx6uirq_dev *dev = (struct imx6uirq_dev *)arg;
num = dev->curkeynum;
keydesc = &dev->irqkeydesc[num];
value = gpio_get_value(keydesc->gpio); /* 读取IO值 */
if(value == 0){ /* 按下按键 */
atomic_set(&dev->keyvalue, keydesc->value);
}
else{ /* 按键松开 */
atomic_set(&dev->keyvalue, 0x80 | keydesc->value);
atomic_set(&dev->releasekey, 1); /* 标记松开按键,即完成一次完整的按键过程 */
}
/* 唤醒进程 */
if(atomic_read(&dev->releasekey)) { /* 完成一次按键过程 */
/* wake_up(&dev->r_wait); */
wake_up_interruptible(&dev->r_wait);
}
}
/*
* @description : 按键IO初始化
* @param : 无
* @return : 无
*/
static int keyio_init(void)
{
unsigned char i = 0;
char name[10];
int ret = 0;
// 找节点
imx6uirq.nd = of_find_node_by_path(IMX6UIRQ_NAME);
if (imx6uirq.nd== NULL){
printk("key node not find!\r\n");
return -EINVAL;
}
// 中断函数
imx6uirq.irqkeydesc[0].handler = key0_handler;
imx6uirq.irqkeydesc[1].handler = key1_handler;
imx6uirq.irqkeydesc[2].handler = key2_handler;
imx6uirq.irqkeydesc[3].handler = key3_handler;
imx6uirq.irqkeydesc[4].handler = key4_handler;
/* 提取GPIO */
struct device_node *cnp;
struct device_node *prev = NULL;
for(i=0;i<KEY_NUM;i++){
cnp = of_get_next_child(imx6uirq.nd, prev);
if(cnp==NULL){
break;
}
prev = cnp;
// 获取GPIO
imx6uirq.irqkeydesc[i].gpio = of_get_named_gpio(cnp, IMX6UIRQ_PROPETY_NAME, 0);
memset(imx6uirq.irqkeydesc[i].name, 0, sizeof(name)); /* 缓冲区清零 */
sprintf(imx6uirq.irqkeydesc[i].name, "KEY%d", i); /* 组合名字 */
gpio_request(imx6uirq.irqkeydesc[i].gpio, name);
gpio_direction_input(imx6uirq.irqkeydesc[i].gpio);
// 获取中断号
imx6uirq.irqkeydesc[i].irqnum = irq_of_parse_and_map(cnp, 0);
// 设置中段值
imx6uirq.irqkeydesc[i].value = key_value[i];
/* 申请中断 */
ret = request_irq(imx6uirq.irqkeydesc[i].irqnum, imx6uirq.irqkeydesc[i].handler,
IRQF_TRIGGER_FALLING|IRQF_TRIGGER_RISING, imx6uirq.irqkeydesc[i].name, &imx6uirq);
if(ret < 0){
printk("irq ret: %d %d request failed!\r\n", ret,imx6uirq.irqkeydesc[i].irqnum);
return -EFAULT;
}
}
// not calc all
if(i!=KEY_NUM){
printk("node find not enought!\r\n");
return -1;
}
/* 创建定时器 */
init_timer(&imx6uirq.timer);
imx6uirq.timer.function = timer_function;
/* 初始化等待队列头 */
init_waitqueue_head(&imx6uirq.r_wait);
return 0;
}
/*
* @description : 打开设备
* @param - inode : 传递给驱动的inode
* @param - filp : 设备文件,file结构体有个叫做private_data的成员变量
* 一般在open的时候将private_data指向设备结构体。
* @return : 0 成功;其他 失败
*/
static int imx6uirq_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *filp)
{
filp->private_data = &imx6uirq; /* 设置私有数据 */
return 0;
}
/*
* @description : 从设备读取数据
* @param - filp : 要打开的设备文件(文件描述符)
* @param - buf : 返回给用户空间的数据缓冲区
* @param - cnt : 要读取的数据长度
* @param - offt : 相对于文件首地址的偏移
* @return : 读取的字节数,如果为负值,表示读取失败
*/
static ssize_t imx6uirq_read(struct file *filp, char __user *buf, size_t cnt, loff_t *offt)
{
int ret = 0;
unsigned char keyvalue = 0;
unsigned char releasekey = 0;
struct imx6uirq_dev *dev = (struct imx6uirq_dev *)filp->private_data;
if (filp->f_flags & O_NONBLOCK) { /* 非阻塞访问 */
if(atomic_read(&dev->releasekey) == 0) /* 没有按键按下,返回-EAGAIN */
return -EAGAIN;
} else { /* 阻塞访问 */
/* 加入等待队列,等待被唤醒,也就是有按键按下 */
ret = wait_event_interruptible(dev->r_wait, atomic_read(&dev->releasekey));
if (ret) {
goto wait_error;
}
}
keyvalue = atomic_read(&dev->keyvalue);
releasekey = atomic_read(&dev->releasekey);
if (releasekey) { /* 有按键按下 */
if (keyvalue & 0x80) {
keyvalue &= ~0x80;
ret = copy_to_user(buf, &keyvalue, sizeof(keyvalue));
} else {
goto data_error;
}
atomic_set(&dev->releasekey, 0);/* 按下标志清零 */
} else {
goto data_error;
}
return 0;
wait_error:
return ret;
data_error:
return -EINVAL;
}
/*
* @description : poll函数,用于处理非阻塞访问
* @param - filp : 要打开的设备文件(文件描述符)
* @param - wait : 等待列表(poll_table)
* @return : 设备或者资源状态,
*/
unsigned int imx6uirq_poll(struct file *filp, struct poll_table_struct *wait)
{
unsigned int mask = 0;
struct imx6uirq_dev *dev = (struct imx6uirq_dev *)filp->private_data;
poll_wait(filp, &dev->r_wait, wait); /* 将等待队列头添加到poll_table中 */
if(atomic_read(&dev->releasekey)) { /* 按键按下 */
mask = POLLIN | POLLRDNORM; /* 返回PLLIN */
}
return mask;
}
/* 设备操作函数 */
static struct file_operations imx6uirq_fops = {
.owner = THIS_MODULE,
.open = imx6uirq_open,
.read = imx6uirq_read,
.poll = imx6uirq_poll,
};
/*
* @description : 驱动入口函数
* @param : 无
* @return : 无
*/
static int __init imx6uirq_init(void)
{
/* 1、构建设备号 */
if (imx6uirq.major) {
imx6uirq.devid = MKDEV(imx6uirq.major, 0);
register_chrdev_region(imx6uirq.devid, KEY_NUM, IMX6UIRQ_NAME);
} else {
alloc_chrdev_region(&imx6uirq.devid, 0, KEY_NUM, IMX6UIRQ_NAME);
imx6uirq.major = MAJOR(imx6uirq.devid);
imx6uirq.minor = MINOR(imx6uirq.devid);
}
/* 2、注册字符设备 */
cdev_init(&imx6uirq.cdev, &imx6uirq_fops);
cdev_add(&imx6uirq.cdev, imx6uirq.devid, KEY_NUM);
/* 3、创建类 */
imx6uirq.class = class_create(THIS_MODULE, IMX6UIRQ_NAME);
if (IS_ERR(imx6uirq.class)) {
return PTR_ERR(imx6uirq.class);
}
/* 4、创建设备 */
imx6uirq.device = device_create(imx6uirq.class, NULL, imx6uirq.devid, NULL, IMX6UIRQ_NAME);
if (IS_ERR(imx6uirq.device)) {
return PTR_ERR(imx6uirq.device);
}
/* 5、始化按键 */
atomic_set(&imx6uirq.keyvalue, INVAKEY);
atomic_set(&imx6uirq.releasekey, 0);
keyio_init();
return 0;
}
/*
* @description : 驱动出口函数
* @param : 无
* @return : 无
*/
static void __exit imx6uirq_exit(void)
{
unsigned i = 0;
/* 删除定时器 */
del_timer_sync(&imx6uirq.timer); /* 删除定时器 */
/* 释放中断 */
for (i = 0; i < KEY_NUM; i++) {
free_irq(imx6uirq.irqkeydesc[i].irqnum, &imx6uirq);
}
cdev_del(&imx6uirq.cdev);
unregister_chrdev_region(imx6uirq.devid, KEY_NUM);
device_destroy(imx6uirq.class, imx6uirq.devid);
class_destroy(imx6uirq.class);
}
module_init(imx6uirq_init);
module_exit(imx6uirq_exit);
MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
4 应用测试
#include "stdio.h"
#include "unistd.h"
#include "sys/types.h"
#include "sys/stat.h"
#include "fcntl.h"
#include "stdlib.h"
#include "string.h"
#include "poll.h"
#include "sys/select.h"
#include "sys/time.h"
#include "linux/ioctl.h"
/***************************************************************
Copyright © ALIENTEK Co., Ltd. 1998-2029. All rights reserved.
文件名 : noblockApp.c
作者 : 左忠凯
版本 : V1.0
描述 : 非阻塞访问测试APP
其他 : 无
使用方法 :./blockApp /dev/blockio 打开测试App
论坛 : www.openedv.com
日志 : 初版V1.0 2019/9/8 左忠凯创建
***************************************************************/
/*
* @description : main主程序
* @param - argc : argv数组元素个数
* @param - argv : 具体参数
* @return : 0 成功;其他 失败
*/
int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
int fd;
int ret = 0;
char *filename;
struct pollfd fds;
fd_set readfds;
struct timeval timeout;
unsigned char data;
if (argc != 2) {
printf("Error Usage!\r\n");
return -1;
}
filename = argv[1];
fd = open(filename, O_RDWR | O_NONBLOCK); /* 非阻塞访问 */
if (fd < 0) {
printf("Can't open file %s\r\n", filename);
return -1;
}
while (1) {
FD_ZERO(&readfds);
FD_SET(fd, &readfds);
/* 构造超时时间 */
timeout.tv_sec = 0;
timeout.tv_usec = 500000; /* 500ms */
ret = select(fd + 1, &readfds, NULL, NULL, &timeout);
switch (ret) {
case 0: /* 超时 */
/* 用户自定义超时处理 */
break;
case -1: /* 错误 */
/* 用户自定义错误处理 */
break;
default: /* 可以读取数据 */
if(FD_ISSET(fd, &readfds)) {
ret = read(fd, &data, sizeof(data));
if (ret < 0) {
/* 读取错误 */
} else {
if (data)
printf("key value=%d\r\n", data);
}
}
break;
}
}
close(fd);
return ret;
}
5 测试结果