学习笔记 Java_ch03_封装 2014.7.22

1、封装的日期类。代码：MyDate_ex.java

class MyDate
{
	private static int ThisYear = 2014;
	private int year, month, day;

	MyDate()
	{
		this(1990, 11, 11);
	}
	MyDate(int year, int month, int day)
	{
		this.year = year;
		this.month = month;
		this.day = day;
	}
	MyDate(MyDate d)
	{
		this(d.year, d.month, d.day);
	}
	
	void set(int year, int month, int day)
	{
		this.year = year;
		this.month = month;
		this.day = day;
	}
	void setYear(int year)
	{
		this.year = year;
	}
	void setMonth(int month)
	{
		this.month = month;
	}
	void setDay(int day)
	{
		this.day = day;
	}
	int getYear()
	{
		return this.year;
	}
	int getMonth()
	{
		return this.month;
	}
	int getDay()
	{
		return this.day;
	}

	public static int getThisYear()
	{
		return ThisYear;
	}

	public static boolean isLeapYear(int y)
	{
		return y % 400 == 0 || y % 4 == 0 && y % 100 != 0;
	}

	public boolean isLeapYear()
	{
		return isLeapYear(this.year);  
	}
	
	public static int dayOfMonth(int year, int month)
	{
		switch(month)
		{
			case 1: case 3: case 5: case 7: case 8: case 10: case 12: return 31;
			case 4: case 6: case 9: case 11: return 30;
			case 2: return isLeapYear(year) ? 29 : 28;
			default: return 0;
		}
	}
	public int dayOfMonth()
	{
		return dayOfMonth(this.year, this.month);
	}

	public MyDate yestoday()
	{
		MyDate yes = new MyDate(this);  //没有改变当前对象
		yes.day--;
		if(yes.day ==0)
		{
			yes.month--;
			if(yes.month == 0)
			{
				yes.month = 12;
				yes.year--;
			}
			yes.day = dayOfMonth(yes.year, yes.month);
		}
		return yes;
	}

	//public MyDate tomorrow()
	public void tomorrow()
	{
		//MyDate tom = new MyDate(this);
		this.day++;  //改变当前对象的值   为什么这里如果像yestoday()那样MyDate tom = new MyDate(this);tom.day++;的话，日期都不会改变？
		if(this.day > dayOfMonth())
		{
			this.day = 1;
			this.month++;
			if(this.month > 12)
			{
				this.month = 1;
				this.year++;
			}
		}
		//return tom;
	}

	public String toString()
	{
		return year + "年" + month + "月" + day + "日";
	}

	public boolean equals(MyDate d)
	{
		return this == d || d != null && this.year == d.year && this.month == d.month && day == d.day;
	}

}

class MyDate_ex
{
	public static void main(String[] args)
	{
		/*
		MyDate d1 = new MyDate();
		
		d1.set(1992, 11, 07);

		MyDate d2 = d1;

		System.out.println("d1:" + d1 + " " + "d2:" + d2 + " " + "d1 == d2?" + (d1 == d2) + "d1.equals(d2)?" + d1.equals(d2));
		
		d1.setYear(2014);
		System.out.println("d1:" + d1 + " " + "d2:" + d2 + " " + "d1 == d2?" + (d1 == d2) + "d1.equals(d2)?" + d1.equals(d2));

		d2 = new MyDate();
		d2.set(d1);
		System.out.println("d1:" + d1 + " " + "d2:" + d2 + " " + "d1 == d2?" + (d1 == d2) + "d1.equals(d2)?" + d1.equals(d2));
		*/
		
		//System.out.println(MyDate.getThisYear() + " " + MyDate.isLeapYear(MyDate.getThisYear()));

		MyDate d3 = new MyDate(2007, 12, 25);
		MyDate d4 = new MyDate(d3);
		/*
		System.out.println(d3 + " " + d4 + " " + (d3 == d4) + " " + d3.equals(d4));
		System.out.println(d4.isLeapYear());
		*/
		System.out.println(d4.yestoday());
		
		//System.out.println(d4.tomorrow());  //如果tomorrow()的返回值是void，这里就不能这么写了。
		//而应该这么写：
		d4.tomorrow();
		System.out.println(d4);

		MyDate d5 = new MyDate(1,1,1);
		MyDate d6 = d5;
		System.out.println("d5:" + d5 + " " + "d6:" + d6 + " " + "d5 == d6?" + (d5 == d6) + "d5.equals(d6)?" + d5.equals(d6));
	}
}

 

2、使用对象作为成员变量并实现深拷贝的Person类。代码：MyPersonDemo.java

/*
问题：没搞懂深拷贝是否引用同一个对象？
*/
class Person
{
	String name;
	MyDate birthday;
	private static int count = 0;

	Person()
	{
		this("", new MyDate());
	}

	Person(String name, MyDate birthday)
	{
		this.name = name;
		this.birthday = birthday;
		count++;
	}

	Person(Person p)
	{
		//this(p.name, p.birthday);
	}

	Person(String name)
	{
		this(name, new MyDate());
	}

	public void count()
	{
		System.out.println(count);
	}

	public void setName(String name)
	{
		this.name = name;
	}
	public void setBirthday(MyDate birthday)
	{
		this.birthday = birthday;
	}
	public void set(String name, MyDate birthday)
	{
		this.setName(name);
		this.setBirthday(birthday);
	}

	public String getName()
	{
		return this.name;
	}
	public MyDate getBirthday()
	{
		return this.birthday;
	}

	public int getAge(int year)
	{
		return year - this.birthday.getYear();
	}
	public int getAge()
	{
		return getAge(MyDate.getThisYear());
	}

	public String toString()
	{
		return this.name + "," + this.birthday;
	}

	public static void howMany()
	{
		System.out.println(count + "个Person对象");
	}

	public int oldThan(Person p)
	{
		return p.birthday.getYear() - this.birthday.getYear();
	}

	public void finalize()
	{
		System.out.println("释放对象(" + this + ")");
		this.count--;
	}
}

class MyPersonDemo
{
	public static void main(String[] args)
	{
		Person p1 = new Person("小红", new MyDate(1998, 11, 9));
		Person p2 = new Person(p1);  

		//p2.birthday.tomorrow();  //birthday被私有了
		System.out.println(p1 == p2);  
		//得false  p1和p2不是引用的同一个对象，但是为什么p2.birthday.tomorrow();之后，p1也跟着被修改了呢？
		System.out.println("p1:" + p1 + " " + "p2:" + p2);  
		//得p1:小红,1998年11月9日 p2:小红,1998年11月9日

		p2.setName("xiaolan");
		p2.setName(p2.getName().substring(0, 4) + "明");
		System.out.println("p1:" + p1 + " " + "p2:" + p2);  
		//得p1:小红,1998年11月9日 p2:xiao明,1998年11月9日
		
		MyDate d = p2.getBirthday();
//		d.set(d.getYear() + 2, d.getMonth(), d.getDay());
		p2.setBirthday(d);
		System.out.println("p1:" + p1 + " " + "p2:" + p2); 
		System.out.println(p1.name == p2.name);
		System.out.println(p1.birthday == p2.birthday);
		//得p1:小红,2000年11月9日 p2:xiao明,2000年11月9日   为什么年份一起变了？
		//得false
		//得true  为什么p1 p2的birthday是同一个引用？
		p2.birthday = new MyDate(2003,12,1);
		System.out.println(p1.birthday == p2.birthday);
		//得false  new一下就不是一个引用啦？跟我想的是符合的，不过和教材上讲的合不起

		Person.howMany();
		System.out.println("p1:" + p1 + " " + "p2:" + p2); 
		//得2个Person对象
		//得p1:小红,2000年11月9日 p2:xiao明,2003年12月1日

		System.out.println(p1.getName() + "比" + p2.getName() + "大" + p1.oldThan(p2) + "岁");
		//得小红比xiao明大3岁

		p1.finalize();
		Person.howMany();
		//得释放对象(小红,2000年11月9日)
		//得1个Person对象   

		System.out.println(p1.getAge());
		//得14
	}
}