屏幕触摸事件

 
 
 
 
 
android中的事件类型分为按键事件和屏幕触摸事件,Touch事件是屏幕触摸事件的基础事件,有必要对它进行深入的了解。
一个最简单的屏幕触摸动作触发了一系列Touch事件:ACTION_DOWN->ACTION_MOVE->ACTION_MOVE->ACTION_MOVE...->ACTION_MOVE->ACTION_UP
当屏幕中包含一个ViewGroup,而这个ViewGroup又包含一个子view,这个时候android系统如何处理Touch事件呢?到底是ViewGroup来处理Touch事件,还是子view来处理Touch事件呢?我只能很肯定的对你说不一定。呵呵,为什么呢?看看下面我的调查结果你就明白了。
android系统中的每个View的子类都具有下面三个和TouchEvent处理密切相关的方法:
1)public boolean dispatchTouchEvent(MotionEvent ev)  这个方法用来分发TouchEvent
2)public boolean onInterceptTouchEvent(MotionEvent ev) 这个方法用来拦截TouchEvent
3)public boolean onTouchEvent(MotionEvent ev) 这个方法用来处理TouchEvent
当TouchEvent发生时,首先Activity将TouchEvent传递给最顶层的View, TouchEvent最先到达最顶层 view 的 dispatchTouchEvent ,然后由  dispatchTouchEvent 方法进行分发,如果dispatchTouchEvent返回true ,则交给这个view的onTouchEvent处理,如果dispatchTouchEvent返回 false ,则交给这个 view 的 interceptTouchEvent 方法来决定是否要拦截这个事件,如果 interceptTouchEvent 返回 true ,也就是拦截掉了,则交给它的 onTouchEvent 来处理,如果 interceptTouchEvent 返回 false ,那么就传递给子 view ,由子 view 的 dispatchTouchEvent 再来开始这个事件的分发。如果事件传递到某一层的子 view 的onTouchEvent 上了,这个方法返回了 false ,那么这个事件会从这个 view 往上传递,都是 onTouchEvent 来接收。而如果传递到最上面的 onTouchEvent 也返回 false 的话,这个事件就会“消失”,而且接收不到下一次事件。
 
 

onInterceptTouchEvent()是ViewGroup的一个方法,目的是在系统向该ViewGroup及其各个childView触发onTouchEvent()之前对相关事件进行一次拦截,Android这么设计的想法也很好理解,由于ViewGroup会包含若干childView,因此需要能够统一监控各种touch事件的机会,因此纯粹的不能包含子view的控件是没有这个方法的,如LinearLayout就有,TextView就没有。

onInterceptTouchEvent()使用也很简单,如果在ViewGroup里覆写了该方法,那么就可以对各种touch事件加以拦截。但是如何拦截,是否所有的touch事件都需要拦截则是比较复杂的,touch事件在onInterceptTouchEvent()和onTouchEvent以及各个childView间的传递机制完全取决于onInterceptTouchEvent()和onTouchEvent()的返回值。并且,针对down事件处理的返回值直接影响到后续move和up事件的接收和传递。

关于返回值的问题,基本规则很清楚,如果return true,那么表示该方法消费了此次事件,如果return false,那么表示该方法并未处理完全,该事件仍然需要以某种方式传递下去继续等待处理。

SDK给出的说明如下:

·You will receive the down event here.

·The down event will be handled either by a child of this view group, or given to your own onTouchEvent() method to handle; this means you should implement onTouchEvent() to return true, so you will continue to see the rest of the gesture (instead of looking for a parent view to handle it). Also, by returning true from onTouchEvent(), you will not receive any following events in onInterceptTouchEvent() and all touch processing must happen in onTouchEvent() like normal.

·For as long as you return false from this function, each following event (up to and including the final up) will be delivered first here and then to the target's onTouchEvent().

·If you return true from here, you will not receive any following events: the target view will receive the same event but with the action ACTION_CANCEL, and all further events will be delivered to your onTouchEvent() method and no longer appear here.

由于onInterceptTouchEvent()的机制比较复杂,上面的说明写的也比较复杂,总结一下,基本的规则是:

1.       down事件首先会传递到onInterceptTouchEvent()方法

2.       如果该ViewGroup的onInterceptTouchEvent()在接收到down事件处理完成之后return false,那么后续的move, up等事件将继续会先传递给该ViewGroup,之后才和down事件一样传递给最终的目标view的onTouchEvent()处理。

3.       如果该ViewGroup的onInterceptTouchEvent()在接收到down事件处理完成之后return true,那么后续的move, up等事件将不再传递给onInterceptTouchEvent(),而是和down事件一样传递给该ViewGroup的onTouchEvent()处理,注意,目标view将接收不到任何事件。

4.       如果最终需要处理事件的view的onTouchEvent()返回了false,那么该事件将被传递至其上一层次的view的onTouchEvent()处理。

5.       如果最终需要处理事件的view 的onTouchEvent()返回了true,那么后续事件将可以继续传递给该view的onTouchEvent()处理。

下面用一个简单的实验说明上述复杂的规则。视图自底向上共3层,其中LayoutView1和LayoutView2就是LinearLayout, MyTextView就是TextView:

对应的xml布局文件如下:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>

<com.touchstudy.LayoutView1 xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"

    android:orientation="vertical"

    android:layout_width="fill_parent"

    android:layout_height="fill_parent" >

<com.touchstudy.LayoutView2

        android:orientation="vertical"

        android:layout_width="fill_parent"

        android:layout_height="fill_parent"

        android:gravity="center">

   <com.touchstudy.MyTextView

            android:layout_width="wrap_content"

            android:layout_height="wrap_content"

            android:id="@+id/tv"

            android:text="AB"

            android:textSize="40sp"

            android:textStyle="bold"

            android:background="#FFFFFF"

            android:textColor="#0000FF"/>

</com.touchstudy.LayoutView2>

</com.touchstudy.LayoutView1>

下面看具体情况:

1.       onInterceptTouchEvent()处理down事件均返回falseonTouchEvent()处理事件均返回true

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

04-11 03:58:42.620: DEBUG/LayoutView1(614): onInterceptTouchEvent action:ACTION_DOWN

04-11 03:58:42.620: DEBUG/LayoutView2(614): onInterceptTouchEvent action:ACTION_DOWN

04-11 03:58:42.620: DEBUG/MyTextView(614): onTouchEvent action:ACTION_DOWN

04-11 03:58:42.800: DEBUG/LayoutView1(614): onInterceptTouchEvent action:ACTION_MOVE

04-11 03:58:42.800: DEBUG/LayoutView2(614): onInterceptTouchEvent action:ACTION_MOVE

04-11 03:58:42.800: DEBUG/MyTextView(614): onTouchEvent action:ACTION_MOVE

…… //省略过多的ACTION_MOVE

04-11 03:58:43.130: DEBUG/LayoutView1(614): onInterceptTouchEvent action:ACTION_UP

04-11 03:58:43.130: DEBUG/LayoutView2(614): onInterceptTouchEvent action:ACTION_UP

04-11 03:58:43.150: DEBUG/MyTextView(614): onTouchEvent action:ACTION_UP

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

这是最常见的情况,onInterceptTouchEvent并没有做任何改变事件传递时序的操作,效果上和没有覆写该方法是一样的。可以看到,各种事件的传递本身是自底向上的,次序是:LayoutView1->LayoutView2->MyTextView。注意,在onInterceptTouchEvent均返回false时,LayoutView1和LayoutView2的onTouchEvent并不会收到事件,而是最终传递给了MyTextView。

2.     LayoutView1onInterceptTouchEvent()处理down事件返回true

MyTextViewonTouchEvent()处理事件返回true

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

04-11 03:09:27.589: DEBUG/LayoutView1(446): onInterceptTouchEvent action:ACTION_DOWN

04-11 03:09:27.589: DEBUG/LayoutView1(446): onTouchEvent action:ACTION_DOWN

04-11 03:09:27.629: DEBUG/LayoutView1(446): onTouchEvent action:ACTION_MOVE

04-11 03:09:27.689: DEBUG/LayoutView1(446): onTouchEvent action:ACTION_MOVE

…… //省略过多的ACTION_MOVE

04-11 03:09:27.959: DEBUG/LayoutView1(446): onTouchEvent action:ACTION_UP

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

从Log可以看到,由于LayoutView1在拦截第一次down事件时return true,所以后续的事件(包括第一次的down)将由LayoutView1本身处理,事件不再传递下去。

3.       LayoutView1LayoutView2onInterceptTouchEvent()处理down事件返回false

MyTextViewonTouchEvent()处理事件返回false

LayoutView2onTouchEvent()处理事件返回true

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

04-11 09:50:21.147: DEBUG/LayoutView1(301): onInterceptTouchEvent action:ACTION_DOWN

04-11 09:50:21.147: DEBUG/LayoutView2(301): onInterceptTouchEvent action:ACTION_DOWN

04-11 09:50:21.147: DEBUG/MyTextView(301): onTouchEvent action:ACTION_DOWN

04-11 09:50:21.147: DEBUG/LayoutView2(301): onTouchEvent action:ACTION_DOWN

04-11 09:50:21.176: DEBUG/LayoutView1(301): onInterceptTouchEvent action:ACTION_MOVE

04-11 09:50:21.176: DEBUG/LayoutView2(301): onTouchEvent action:ACTION_MOVE

04-11 09:50:21.206: DEBUG/LayoutView1(301): onInterceptTouchEvent action:ACTION_MOVE

04-11 09:50:21.217: DEBUG/LayoutView2(301): onTouchEvent action:ACTION_MOVE

…… //省略过多的ACTION_MOVE

04-11 09:50:21.486: DEBUG/LayoutView1(301): onInterceptTouchEvent action:ACTION_UP

04-11 09:50:21.486: DEBUG/LayoutView2(301): onTouchEvent action:ACTION_UP

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

可以看到,由于MyTextView在onTouchEvent()中return false,down事件被传递给其父view,即LayoutView2的onTouchEvent()方法处理,由于在LayoutView2的onTouchEvent()中return true,所以down事件传递并没有上传到LayoutView1。注意,后续的move和up事件均被传递给LayoutView2的onTouchEvent()处理,而没有传递给MyTextView。

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

应大家的要求,我把源代码贴上,其实很简单,就是基础文件,主要是用来观察事件的传递。

主Activity: InterceptTouchStudyActivity.java:

public class InterceptTouchStudyActivity extends Activity {

    static final String TAG = "ITSActivity";

    TextView tv;

    /** Called when the activity is first created. */

    @Override

    public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {

        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);

        setContentView(R.layout.layers_touch_pass_test);

     }

}


      LayoutView1.java:


      public class LayoutView1 extends LinearLayout {

      private final String TAG = "LayoutView1";

        public LayoutView1(Context context, AttributeSet attrs) {

         super(context, attrs);

         Log.d(TAG,TAG);

     }

     @Override

     public boolean onInterceptTouchEvent(MotionEvent ev) {

         int action = ev.getAction();

         switch(action){

         case MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN:

              Log.d(TAG,"onInterceptTouchEvent action:ACTION_DOWN");

//            return true;

              break;

         case MotionEvent.ACTION_MOVE:

              Log.d(TAG,"onInterceptTouchEvent action:ACTION_MOVE");

              break;

         case MotionEvent.ACTION_UP:

              Log.d(TAG,"onInterceptTouchEvent action:ACTION_UP");

              break;

         case MotionEvent.ACTION_CANCEL:

              Log.d(TAG,"onInterceptTouchEvent action:ACTION_CANCEL");

              break;

         }

         return false;

     }

     @Override

     public boolean onTouchEvent(MotionEvent ev) {

         int action = ev.getAction();

         switch(action){

         case MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN:

              Log.d(TAG,"onTouchEvent action:ACTION_DOWN");

              break;

         case MotionEvent.ACTION_MOVE:

              Log.d(TAG,"onTouchEvent action:ACTION_MOVE");

              break;

         case MotionEvent.ACTION_UP:

              Log.d(TAG,"onTouchEvent action:ACTION_UP");

              break;

         case MotionEvent.ACTION_CANCEL:

              Log.d(TAG,"onTouchEvent action:ACTION_CANCEL");

              break;

         }

         return true;

     }

     @Override

     protected void onLayout(boolean changed, int l, int t, int r, int b) {

         // TODO Auto-generated method stub

         super.onLayout(changed, l, t, r, b);

     }

     @Override

     protected void onMeasure(int widthMeasureSpec, int heightMeasureSpec) {

         // TODO Auto-generated method stub

         super.onMeasure(widthMeasureSpec, heightMeasureSpec);

     }

}


LayoutView2.java:

public class LayoutView2 extends LinearLayout {

    private final String TAG = "LayoutView2";

    public LayoutView2(Context context, AttributeSet attrs) {

       super(context, attrs);

       Log.d(TAG,TAG);

    }

    @Override

    public boolean onInterceptTouchEvent(MotionEvent ev) {

       int action = ev.getAction();

       switch(action){

       case MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN:

           Log.d(TAG,"onInterceptTouchEvent action:ACTION_DOWN");

           break;

       case MotionEvent.ACTION_MOVE:

           Log.d(TAG,"onInterceptTouchEvent action:ACTION_MOVE");

           break;

       case MotionEvent.ACTION_UP:

           Log.d(TAG,"onInterceptTouchEvent action:ACTION_UP");

           break;

       case MotionEvent.ACTION_CANCEL:

           Log.d(TAG,"onInterceptTouchEvent action:ACTION_CANCEL");

           break;

       }

       return false;

    }

    @Override

    public boolean onTouchEvent(MotionEvent ev) {

       int action = ev.getAction();

       switch(action){

       case MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN:

           Log.d(TAG,"onTouchEvent action:ACTION_DOWN");

           break;

       case MotionEvent.ACTION_MOVE:

           Log.d(TAG,"onTouchEvent action:ACTION_MOVE");

           break;

       case MotionEvent.ACTION_UP:

           Log.d(TAG,"onTouchEvent action:ACTION_UP");

           break;

       case MotionEvent.ACTION_CANCEL:

           Log.d(TAG,"onTouchEvent action:ACTION_CANCEL");

           break;

       }

       return true;

    }

}


MyTextView.java:

public class MyTextView extends TextView {

    private final String TAG = "MyTextView";

    public MyTextView(Context context, AttributeSet attrs) {

       super(context, attrs);

       Log.d(TAG,TAG);

    }

    @Override

    public boolean onTouchEvent(MotionEvent ev) {

       int action = ev.getAction();

       switch(action){

       case MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN:

           Log.d(TAG,"onTouchEvent action:ACTION_DOWN");

           break;

       case MotionEvent.ACTION_MOVE:

           Log.d(TAG,"onTouchEvent action:ACTION_MOVE");

           break;

       case MotionEvent.ACTION_UP:

           Log.d(TAG,"onTouchEvent action:ACTION_UP");

           break;

       case MotionEvent.ACTION_CANCEL:

           Log.d(TAG,"onTouchEvent action:ACTION_CANCEL");

           break;

       }

       return false;

    }

    public void onClick(View v) {

       Log.d(TAG, "onClick");

    }

    public boolean onLongClick(View v) {

       Log.d(TAG, "onLongClick");

       return false;

    }

}


 
 
 
 
 关于多点触摸
public boolean onTouchEvent(MotionEvent event) {
		int action = event.getAction();
		switch (action & MotionEvent.ACTION_MASK) {
		case MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN:
			showMsg("ACTION_DOWN" + action);
			break;
		case MotionEvent.ACTION_UP:
			showMsg("ACTION_UP" + action);
			break;
		case MotionEvent.ACTION_POINTER_UP:
			showMsg("ACTION_POINTER_UP" + action);
			break;
		case MotionEvent.ACTION_POINTER_DOWN:
			showMsg("ACTION_POINTER_DOWN" + action);
			break;
		}
		return super.onTouchEvent(event);
	}

ACTION_MASK     0x000000ff
ACTION_DOWN     0x00000000         ACTION_UP      0x00000001        ACTION_MOVE      0x00000002
ACTION_POINTER_DOWN       0x00000005            ACTION_POINTER_UP        0x00000006
ACTION_POINTER_1_DOWN     0x00000005            ACTION_POINTER_1_UP      0x00000006
ACTION_POINTER_2_DOWN     0x00000105            ACTION_POINTER_2_UP      0x00000106
ACTION_POINTER_3_DOWN     0x00000205            ACTION_POINTER_3_UP      0x00000206
ACTION_MASK     0x000000ff
ACTION_DOWN     0x00000000         ACTION_UP      0x00000001        ACTION_MOVE      0x00000002
ACTION_POINTER_DOWN       0x00000005            ACTION_POINTER_UP        0x00000006
ACTION_POINTER_1_DOWN     0x00000005            ACTION_POINTER_1_UP      0x00000006
ACTION_POINTER_2_DOWN     0x00000105            ACTION_POINTER_2_UP      0x00000106
ACTION_POINTER_3_DOWN     0x00000205            ACTION_POINTER_3_UP      0x00000206
可以看到,and运算的结果总是小于等于0x000000ff,那就是说and之后,无论你多少根手指加进来,都是会ACTION_POINTER_DOWN或者ACTION_POINTER_UP

补充一下,当第二个手指触摸屏幕时,event.getAction()的值是0×00000105,第三个手指触摸是0×00000205,放开相应的手指数量会返回相应的值。

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