2024 HiMCM题目+翻译

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作者： 天人实验室

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原题 A+翻译

$$\mathbf{ProblemA}:\mathbf{ToPlayornottoPlay}:\mathbf{ModelingFutureOlympicGames}$$

The International Olympic Committee (IOC) is planning the 2032 Summer Olympics in Brisbane, Australia. As the Olympics evolve, the IOC aims to keep the Games both relevant and impactful by adding sports, disciplines, or events (SDEs) that resonate with modern values and appeal to a global audience. Throughout Olympic history, SDEs have been introduced, removed, or even reintroduced to reflect the times. For example, in 2020, Karate, Sport Climbing, Surfing, and Skateboarding made their Olympic debut. However, Karate was no longer included in the 2024 Paris Olympics, while Breaking (also known as breakdancing) was introduced. Looking forward to the 2028 Los Angeles Olympics, Flag Football, Lacrosse, and Coastal Rowing will be added, while Baseball and Softball will return to be contested in the 2028 Games after a 20-year absence.

To guide these decisions, the IOC’s Olympic Programme Commission has developed a set of criteria to help ensure that each sport aligns with Olympic values.[1] IOC Criteria for Sports Inclusion is summarized below:

• Popularity and Accessibility: Enhances the Olympic Games’ appeal and global interest without excessively increasing costs or logistical demands.
• Gender Equity: Ensures that both men and women athletes have equal opportunity to participate.
• Sustainability: Promotes environmental and social responsibility.
• Inclusivity: Represents diverse cultures and promotes global participation (at least 75 countries across four continents practicing the sport).
• Relevance and Innovation: The sport must appeal to younger audiences, reflect modern trends, and incorporate innovations including physical virtual sports where appropriate while respecting Olympic traditions.
• Safety and Fair Play: Maintains high standards for athlete protection and anti-doping.

The IOC has hired your team, HiMCM Olympic Consultants (HOC), to assist in evaluating which SDEs should be added (or potentially removed) from the 2032 Summer Games. Your task is to create a mathematical model that evaluates SDEs against these criteria to provide well-reasoned recommendations. This model will be used to make quantitatively informed decisions about which SDEs best fit the Olympics’ evolving vision.

Your Tasks

• 1. What factors need to be considered when addressing the IOC criteria? List and describe the various factors your team identifies. Note that factors may be quantitative or qualitative, constant or variable, and deterministic or probabilistic. Be sure to justify your choices and to include units where appropriate.
• 2. Use your factors to build a model (or set of models) to help the IOC evaluate which SDEs align best with Olympic criteria.
• 3. Test your model on at least three SDEs that have been added or removed from recent Olympics, namely Olympic years 2020, 2024, and 2028 and at least three SDEs that have continuously been in the Olympic programme since the 1988 games or earlier. The supplied data HiMCM_Olympic_Data.xlsx provides information about which sports and disciplines, and number of events, have appeared in each Olympics since their modern formation. Be sure to highlight the general applicability of your model by choosing a diverse collection of SDEs to evaluate. Discuss how your model affirms these SDEs’ current Olympic status.
• 4. Identify three SDEs that could be new additions or reintroductions for the 2032 Olympics in Brisbane. Make sure to identify which SDE should be considered first, second and third for inclusion in the Brisbane games. Are there any SDEs that you believe have potential for inclusion in an Olympic Games in 2036 or beyond?
• 5. Perform sensitivity analysis to address the robustness of your model. Identify what aspects of your model make an SDE score well and discuss if these represent a strength or weakness of your model, especially in light of it being used as a decision-making tool.
• 6. Draft a one- to two-page letter addressed to the IOC summarizing your findings in a non-technical way. Explain your model’s rationale and its results for the evaluated SDEs. Include your recommendations for which SDEs to add or remove and why your model supports these conclusions.

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$$\mathbf{问题}\mathbf{A}：未来奥运会建模--\mathbf{竞赛项目选择}$$

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国际奥委会（IOC）正在计划在澳大利亚布里斯班举办2032年夏季奥运会。随着奥运会的发展，国际奥委会旨在通过增加与现代价值观共鸣并吸引全球观众的体育项目、科目或赛事（SDEs），保持奥运会的相关性和影响力。在奥运会的历史中，SDEs被引入、移除甚至重新引入，以反映时代的变化。例如，在2020年，空手道、运动攀岩、冲浪和滑板首次亮相奥运会。然而，空手道并未被包括在2024年巴黎奥运会中，而霹雳舞（也称为街舞）被引入。展望2028年洛杉矶奥运会，将增加旗橄榄球、长曲棍球和沿海划船项目，棒球和垒球将在缺席20年后重返2028年奥运会。

• **为了指导这些决策，国际奥委会的奥林匹克项目委员会制定了一套标准，以确保每项运动都符合奥林匹克价值观。[1] 国际奥委会体育项目纳入标准如下：
• **普及性和可及性：**增强奥运会的吸引力和全球兴趣，而不会过度增加成本或后勤需求。
• **性别平等：**确保男女运动员有平等的参与机会。
• **可持续性：**促进环境和社会责任。
• **包容性：**代表不同文化，促进全球参与（至少有75个国家在四大洲练习该运动）。
• **相关性和创新：**该运动必须吸引年轻观众，反映现代趋势，并在适当的情况下融入创新，包括物理虚拟运动，同时尊重奥林匹克传统。
• **安全和公平竞争：**维护运动员保护和反兴奋剂的高标准。

国际奥委会已聘请您的团队，HiMCM奥林匹克顾问（HOC），协助评估应增加（或可能移除）哪些SDEs参加2032年夏季奥运会。您的任务是创建一个数学模型，根据这些标准评估SDEs，提供合理建议。该模型将用于对哪些SDEs最适合奥运会不断发展的愿景做出定量决策。

您的任务：

1. 在解决国际奥委会标准时需要考虑哪些因素？列出并描述您的团队识别的各种因素。注意，因素可能是定量的或定性的，恒定的或可变的，确定性的或概率性的。确保在适当的地方说明您的选择并包括单位。
2. 使用您的因素构建模型（或一组模型），帮助国际奥委会评估哪些SDEs最符合奥林匹克标准。
3. 在至少三个最近奥运会中增加或移除的SDEs上测试您的模型，即2020年、2024年和2028年的奥运会，以及至少三个自1988年奥运会或更早以来一直持续在奥林匹克项目中的SDEs。提供的数据HiMCM_Olympic_Data.xlsx提供了自现代奥运会成立以来每届奥运会出现的运动和科目以及赛事数量的信息。确保通过选择多样化的SDEs进行评估，强调您的模型的普遍适用性。讨论您的模型如何确认这些SDEs目前的奥运地位。
4. 确定三个可能为2032年布里斯班奥运会新增或重新引入的SDEs。确保确定哪些SDE应该首先、其次和第三被考虑纳入布里斯班奥运会。是否有任何SDE您认为有潜力在2036年或以后的奥运会中被纳入？
5. 进行敏感性分析，以解决模型的稳健性。确定哪些方面的模型使SDE得分高，并讨论这些是否代表模型的优势或劣势，特别是在作为决策工具的情况下。
6. 起草一封一到两页的信，地址给国际奥委会，以非技术性的方式总结您的发现。解释您的模型的基本原理及其对评估的SDEs的结果。包括您对增加或移除哪些SDEs的建议，以及为什么您的模型支持这些结论。

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原题 B+翻译

$$\mathbf{ProblemB}:\mathbf{ExaminingtheEnvironmentalImpactofHigh}-\mathbf{PoweredComputings}$$

As global demand for high-powered computing (HPC) continues to rise in sectors like artificial intelligence (AI), data science and cryptocurrency mining, so does the environmental footprint of these technologies. The increasing reliance on massive data centers, high performance hardware, and energy-intensive computational processes has sparked concern about their environmental consequences.
The most important aspect of the environmental impact of HPC is energy consumption and its associated carbon emissions. This aspect stands out as it has a direct contribution to climate change as energy consumption directly correlates with greenhouse gas emissions, particularly when electricity is generated from fossil fuels. These HPC facilities often consume vast amounts of energy, making their carbon footprint significant. Additionally, the energy demand can strain local power grids, especially in areas with limited renewable energy infrastructure leading to a higher reliance on non-renewable energy sources.
In addition to energy consumption, there are other environmental concerns. The additional environmental impacts of HPC are multi-faceted and can be categorized into several key areas:

• Water Usage. Many data centers use water for cooling leading to substantial water consumption and potential pollution with the discharge of their wastewater.
• E-Waste. The manufacturing, use and disposal of computing hardware contributes to electronic waste with many of the components being difficult to recycle.
  **Resource Depletion. ** The production of HPC hardware involves the extraction of rare earth materials which can lead to habitat destruction, pollution, and additional demands for energy.
• Land Use. The physical space required for the data centers can lead to land use debates with significant impacts on the local ecosystems.
• Air Quality. This focuses on the emissions from fossil fuel power plants that can degrade air quality and affect human health. Additional consideration should also be given to fine particulate matter and dust generated by the data centers that impacts local air quality.
• Chemical Use. The cooling systems use chemicals that can pose a risk if not managed properly, including potential spills or leaks.
• Socioeconomic Impacts. Large data centers as well as the mining for resources can lead to changes in the land with the potential for inequities in energy access for local communities.
• Noise Pollution. All the operations involving machinery in every phase of this process can contribute to increased noise pollution impacting communities and wildlife.
• Network Architecture. The network infrastructure needed for data transmission extends beyond individual nodes to include greater connectivity concerns.

Many of these aspects have dedicated research into their environmental impacts that you can research and use as background into understanding the problem.
1. Understand the Problem. Describe the scope of this problem in terms of the annual energy consumption of the HPC capabilities worldwide considering both full capacity and average utilization rates.

**2. Create Your Model. ** Develop a comprehensive model to determine the environmental impact of total carbon emissions resulting from energy consumption of HPC. Consideration should be given to how the energy is produced, accounting for energy mixes.

3. Apply Your Model.

• a. Explore how your model may change in the future with the growth of HPC, the increasing demand for energy in other sectors and the potential for different energy sources and mixes.
• b. Use your model to provide realistic bounds that can provide insight into the scope of the problem in the year 2030.

4. Expand Your Model and Reflect on Your Analysis.

• a. Model the impact of increasing the portion of renewable energy and calculate the corresponding reductions in carbon emissions. Investigate the effects of switching to a 100% renewable energy source as well as the potential challenges involved.
• b. Refine your model (or develop a new model) to include the environmental impact of one of the other key areas listed above to further understand the impact on HPC. Describe why your group chose that aspect and how it relates to other key areas, especially energy consumption.

5. Share Your Model and its Results.

• a. Develop a set of actionable recommendations to reduce the environmental impact of
  HPC, considering both technical and policy-oriented solutions.
• b. Assume one of your recommendations is acted upon. Determine and show how you can
  incorporate this into your model.

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KaTeX parse error: Unexpected end of input in a macro argument, expected '}' at end of input: …: 审视高性能计算的环境影响

随着全球对高性能计算（HPC）的需求在人工智能（AI）、数据科学和加密货币挖矿等领域持续上升，这些技术的环境足迹也在增加。对大型数据中心、高性能硬件和能源密集型计算过程的日益依赖引发了对其环境后果的担忧。

HPC环境影响最重要的方面是能源消耗及其相关的碳排放。这一方面尤为突出，因为它直接贡献于气候变化，因为能源消耗直接与温室气体排放相关，特别是当电力来自化石燃料时。这些HPC设施通常消耗大量能源，使其碳足迹显著。此外，能源需求可能会给当地电网带来压力，特别是在可再生能源基础设施有限的地区，导致对非可再生能源的依赖增加。

除了能源消耗，还有其他环境问题需要关注。HPC的额外环境影响是多方面的，可以分为几个关键领域：

• 水使用。 许多数据中心使用水进行冷却，导致大量的水资源消耗和废水排放可能带来的潜在污染。
• 电子废物。 计算硬件的制造、使用和处置产生了电子废物，其中许多组件难以回收。
• **资源枯竭。HPC硬件的生产涉及稀土材料的开采，这可能导致栖息地破坏、污染和对能源的额外需求。
• 土地使用。 数据中心所需的物理空间可能会引发土地使用争议，对当地生态系统产生重大影响。
• 空气质量。 这关注于化石燃料发电厂的排放，这些排放会降低空气质量并影响人类健康。还应额外考虑数据中心产生的细颗粒物和灰尘对当地空气质量的影响。
• 化学物质使用。 冷却系统使用的化学物质如果管理不当可能会带来风险，包括潜在的泄漏或溢出。
• 社会经济影响。 大型数据中心以及资源开采可能会导致土地变化，潜在地影响当地社区的能源获取公平性。
• 噪音污染。 这一过程中涉及的所有机械操作都可能导致噪音污染增加，影响社区和野生动物。
• **网络架构。**数据传输所需的网络基础设施不仅限于单个节点，还包括更大的连通性问题。

这些方面中的许多都有专门的研究来探讨它们的环境影响，你可以研究并使用这些研究作为理解问题的背景。

任务：
1.理解问题。 描述全球HPC能力年度能源消耗的范围，考虑总消耗量和平均消耗量。（我理解就是完成一定单位计算量的电能消耗）

2. 建立你的模型。开发一个综合模型，以确定HPC能源消耗导致的总碳排放对环境的影响。应考虑能源是如何产生的，计算能源混合。

3. 应用你的模型。

• a. 探讨随着HPC的增长、其他行业能源需求的增加以及不同能源来源和混合的潜力，你的模型在未来可能如何变化。
• b. 使用你的模型提供现实界限，以洞察2030年问题的规模。

4. 扩展你的模型并反思你的分析。

• a. 模拟增加可再生能源比例的影响，并计算相应的碳排放减少量。研究切换到100%可再生能源来源的影响以及涉及的潜在挑战。
• b. 完善你的模型（或开发一个新模型），以包括上述其他关键领域之一的环境影响，以进一步了解对HPC的影响。描述你的团队为什么选择那个方面，以及它如何与其他关键领域，特别是能源消耗相关。

5. 分享你的模型及其结果。

• a. 制定一套可执行的建议，以减少HPC的环境影响，同时考虑技术和政策导向的解决方案。
• b. 假设你的一个建议被采纳。确定并展示你如何将这一点纳入你的模型中。

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