Spring学习笔记--DI

Spring学习笔记–DI

依赖注入

• 构造器注入(在IOC篇已讲过)
• Setter方式注入
  • 依赖注入：Set注入
  • 依赖：bean对象的创建依赖于容器
  • 注入：bean对象中的所有属性，由容器来注入

实体类：

public class Student {
    private String name;
    private Address address;
    private String[] books;
    private List<String> hobbys;
    private Map<String,String> cards;
    private Set<String> games;
    private String wife;
    private Properties info;
    
    ....
}

applicationContext.xml:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
                           http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">

    <bean id="address" class="com.alb.pojo.Address">
        <property name="address" value="广州市"/>
    </bean>

    <bean id="student" class="com.alb.pojo.Student">
        <!--第一种：普通值注入，value-->
        <property name="name" value="Alb"/>
        <!--第二种：bean注入，ref-->
        <property name="address" ref="address"/>
        <!--第三种：数组-->
        <property name="books">
            <array>
                <value>Think in Java</value>
                <value>Java核心技术卷I</value>
                <value>Java核心技术卷II</value>
            </array>
        </property>
        <!--第四种：List-->
        <property name="hobbys">
            <list>
                <value>听歌</value>
                <value>打篮球</value>
            </list>
        </property>
        <!--第五种：Map-->
        <property name="cards">
            <map>
                <entry key="IdCard" value="121212121212121212"/>
            </map>
        </property>
        <!--第六种：Set-->
        <property name="games">
            <set>
                <value>王者荣耀</value>
                <value>摩尔庄园</value>
            </set>
        </property>
        <!--第七种：null值-->
        <property name="wife">
            <null/>
        </property>
        <!--第八种：properties-->
        <property name="info">
            <props>
                <prop key="学号">1111111111</prop>
                <prop key="性别">男</prop>
            </props>
        </property>
    </bean>

</beans>

测试类：

public class MyTes {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");
        Student student = (Student) context.getBean("student");

        System.out.println(student.toString());
    }
}

结果：

Student{name='Alb', address=Address{address='广州市'}, books=[Think in Java, Java核心技术卷I, Java核心技术卷II], hobbys=[听歌, 打篮球], cards={IdCard=121212121212121212}, games=[王者荣耀, 摩尔庄园], wife='null', info={学号=1111111111, 性别=男}}

• 拓展注入方式

  我们可以使用p命名空间和c空间命名

  <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
  <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
         xmlns:c="http://www.springframework.org/schema/c"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
          http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
  
      <!--p命名空间注入，可以直接注入属性的值：property-->
      <bean id="user" class="com.alb.pojo.User" p:username="Alb" p:age="20"/>
  
      <!--c命名空间注入，通过构造器注入：constructor-arg-->
      <bean id="user2" class="com.alb.pojo.User" c:age="20" c:username="Alb"/>
  
  </beans>