[数据压缩]_第一周作业——音频文件分析与RGB文件熵的计算

 一、元音的时域频域波形分析基于Audacity

1.元音a

时域：

 频域：

 2.元音i

时域：

频域：

3. 元音o

时域：

频域：

 分析：元音信号的时域波形具有明显的周期性，频域上能量集中在低频区

二、RGB格式文件三通道分量的熵计算

分析test.rgb文件的三个通道的概率分布，并计算各自的熵。（编程实现）文件的分辨率均为256*256,每个像素BGR分量依次存放。

#include<stdio.h>
#include<iostream>
#include<math.h>
using namespace std;
#define A  65536
int main()
{
	//打开,创建文件
	FILE* image, * red, * green, * blue;
	fopen_s(&image, "D:\\数据压缩\\test.rgb", "rb");
	fopen_s(&red, "D:\\数据压缩\\Red.txt", "w");
	fopen_s(&green, "D:\\数据压缩\\Green.txt", "w");
	fopen_s(&blue, "D:\\数据压缩\\Blue.txt", "w");
	//定义R、G、B分量
	unsigned char R[A] = { 0 }, G[A] = { 0 }, B[A] = { 0 };
	//定义频率分量
	double R_F[256] = { 0 }, G_F[256] = { 0 }, B_F[256] = { 0 };
	//定义熵
	double R_S = 0, G_S = 0, B_S = 0;
	//分别读取R、G、B三个分量到数组中
	unsigned char sum[256 * 256 * 3];
	fread(sum, 1, 256 * 256 * 3, image);
	for (int i = 0, j = 0; i < 256 * 256 * 3; i = i + 3, j++)
	{
		B[j] = *(sum + i);
		G[j] = *(sum + i + 1);
		R[j] = *(sum + i + 2);
	}
	//计数三通道各颜色值次数
	for (int i = 0; i < 256; i++)
	{
		for (int j = 0; j < A; j++)
		{
			if (int(R[j] == i)) { R_F[i]++; }
			if (int(G[j] == i)) { G_F[i]++; }
			if (int(B[j] == i)) { B_F[i]++; }
		}
	}
	//计算频率
	for (int i = 0; i < 256; i++)
	{
		R_F[i] = R_F[i] / (256 * 256);
		B_F[i] = B_F[i] / (256 * 256);
		G_F[i] = G_F[i] / (256 * 256);
	}
	//将频率写入文件
	fprintf(red, "值\t概率\n");
	for (int i = 0; i < 256; i++)
	{
		fprintf(red, "%d\t%f\n", i, R_F[i]);
	}
	fprintf(green, "值\t概率\n");
	for (int i = 0; i < 256; i++)
	{
		fprintf(green, "%d\t%f\n", i, G_F[i]);
	}
	fprintf(blue, "值\t概率\n");
	for (int i = 0; i < 256; i++)
	{
		fprintf(blue, "%d\t%f\n", i, B_F[i]);
	}
	//计算并输出熵
	for (int i = 0; i < 256; i++)
	{
		if (R_F[i] != 0) { R_S += -R_F[i] * log(R_F[i]) / log(2); }
		if (G_F[i] != 0) { G_S += -G_F[i] * log(G_F[i]) / log(2); }
		if (B_F[i] != 0) { B_S += -B_F[i] * log(B_F[i]) / log(2); }
	}
	cout << "R熵为" << R_S << endl;
	cout << "G熵为" << G_S << endl;
	cout << "B熵为" << B_S << endl;
	fclose(image);
	fclose(red);
	fclose(green);
	fclose(blue);
	return 0;
}

运行得到以下结果：