一、迭代器模式简介(Brief Introduction)
迭代器模式(Iterator Pattern),提供一种方法顺序访问一个聚合对象中元素,而不暴露改集合对象的内部表示二、解决的问题(What To Solve)
当需要访问一个聚集对象,而且不管这些对象是什么都需要遍历的时候,应该考虑用迭代器模式;当需要对聚集有多种方式遍历时,可以考虑使用迭代器模式三、迭代器模式分析(Analysis)
Iterator迭代器接口,定义访问和遍历元素的接口
ConcreteIterator:具体的迭代器实现对象,实现对聚合对象的遍历,并跟踪遍历时的当前位置
Aggregate:聚合对象,定义创建相应迭代器对象的接口
ConcreteAggregate:具体聚合对象,实现创建相应的迭代器对象
四、实例代码
1、Iterator迭代器接口及其实现
public interface Iterator {
public void first();
public void next();
public boolean idDone();
public Object currentItem();
}
public class ConcreteIterator implements Iterator {
private ConcreteAggregate aggregate;
private int index = -1;
public ConcreteIterator(ConcreteAggregate aggregate){
this.aggregate = aggregate;
}
public void first() {
index = 0;
}
public void next() {
if(index < this.aggregate.size()){
index = index + 1;
}
}
public boolean idDone() {
if(index == this.aggregate.size()){
return true;
}
return false;
}
public Object currentItem() {
return this.aggregate.get(index);
}
}
2、聚合对象Aggregate及其实现
public abstract class Aggregate {
public abstract Iterator createIterator();
}
public class ConcreteAggregate extends Aggregate {
private String[] ss = null;
public ConcreteAggregate(String[] ss){
this.ss = ss;
}
public Iterator createIterator() {
return new ConcreteIterator(this);
}
public Object get(int index){
Object retObj = null;
if(index < ss.length){
retObj = ss[index];
}
return retObj;
}
public int size(){
return this.ss.length;
}
}
3、客户端调用
public class Client {
public static void main(String[] args){
String[] ss = {"AA","BB","CC"};
Aggregate aggregate = new ConcreteAggregate(ss);
Iterator iterator = aggregate.createIterator();
iterator.first();
while(!iterator.idDone()){
Object retObj = iterator.currentItem();
System.out.println("the object:"+retObj);
iterator.next();
}
}
}
运行结果