一篇文章掌握观察者模式

一.案例引入

1.案例描述

、

2.普通方案介绍

方式1

方式2

具体代码

显示当前天气情况（可以理解成是气象站自己的网站）

结果

传统方式优缺点分析

二.观察者模式

1.原理

2.观察者模式解决上述问题的原理类图

3.具体代码

Subject

public interface Subject {
    public void registerObserver(Observer o);
    public void removeObserver(Observer o);
    public void notifyObservers();
}

WeatherData

/**
 * 这个类是核心
 * 1.它包含最新的天气信息
 * 2.含有观察者 集合，使用ArrayList管理
 * 3.当数据有更新的时候，就主动的调用ArrayList，通知所有的介入放看到最新的消息
 */
public class WeatherData implements Subject{
    private float temperature;
    private float pressure;
    private float humidity;

    //观察者集合
    private ArrayList<Observer> observers;

    public WeatherData(){
        observers = new ArrayList<Observer>();
    }

    public void dataChange(){
        //调用接入方的update
        notifyObservers();

    }

    public void setData(float temperature, float pressure, float humidity) {
        this.temperature = temperature;
        this.pressure = pressure;
        this.humidity = humidity;

        //调用dataChange，将最新的消息推送给接入方
        dataChange();
    }

    @Override
    public void registerObserver(Observer o) {
        observers.add(o);
    }

    @Override
    public void removeObserver(Observer o) {
        if(observers.contains(o)) {
            observers.remove(o);
        }
    }

    @Override
    public void notifyObservers() {
        //遍历所有的观察者，并通知
        for (int i = 0;i < observers.size();i++){
            observers.get(i).update(this.temperature,this.pressure,this.humidity);
        }
    }

    public float getTemperature() {
        return temperature;
    }

    public float getPressure() {
        return pressure;
    }

    public float getHumidity() {
        return humidity;
    }
}

Observer

public interface Observer {
    public void update(float temperature,float pressure,float humidity);
}

CurrentConditions

public class CurrentConditions implements Observer{
    //温度，气压，湿度
    private float temperature;
    private float pressure;
    private float humidity;

    //更新天气情况
    public void update(float temperature,float pressure,float humidity){
        this.temperature = temperature;
        this.pressure = pressure;
        this.humidity = humidity;
        display();
    }

    //显示
    public void display(){
        System.out.println("--------------------temperature:"+temperature);
        System.out.println("--------------------pressure:"+pressure);
        System.out.println("--------------------humidity:"+humidity);
    }
}

Client

public class Client {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        WeatherData weatherData = new WeatherData();

        CurrentConditions currentConditions = new CurrentConditions();

        //将观察者注册到WeatherData
        weatherData.registerObserver(currentConditions);

        weatherData.setData(10f,100f,10.1f);
    }
}

--------------------temperature:10.0
--------------------pressure:100.0
--------------------humidity:10.1