u-boot kernel 启动流程笔记

u-boot 启动流程
u-boot 的最终目的：引导内核。
1.设置cpu 为SVR模式
2.关wacthdog
3.关mmu
4.读取内核到内存
5.设置内核启动参数
6.跳转到内核

u-boot-2017.11
参考：arch\arm\lib\crt0_64.S 注释

/*
 * This file handles the target-independent stages of the U-Boot
 * start-up where a C runtime environment is needed. Its entry point
 * is _main and is branched into from the target's start.S file.
 *
 * _main execution sequence is:
 *
 * 1. Set up initial environment for calling board_init_f().
 *    This environment only provides a stack and a place to store
 *    the GD ('global data') structure, both located in some readily
 *    available RAM (SRAM, locked cache...). In this context, VARIABLE
 *    global data, initialized or not (BSS), are UNAVAILABLE; only
 *    CONSTANT initialized data are available. GD should be zeroed
 *    before board_init_f() is called.
 *
 * 2. Call board_init_f(). This function prepares the hardware for
 *    execution from system RAM (DRAM, DDR...) As system RAM may not
 *    be available yet, , board_init_f() must use the current GD to
 *    store any data which must be passed on to later stages. These
 *    data include the relocation destination, the future stack, and
 *    the future GD location.
 *
 * 3. Set up intermediate environment where the stack and GD are the
 *    ones allocated by board_init_f() in system RAM, but BSS and
 *    initialized non-const data are still not available.
 *
 * 4a.For U-Boot proper (not SPL), call relocate_code(). This function
 *    relocates U-Boot from its current location into the relocation
 *    destination computed by board_init_f().
 *
 * 4b.For SPL, board_init_f() just returns (to crt0). There is no
 *    code relocation in SPL.
 *
 * 5. Set up final environment for calling board_init_r(). This
 *    environment has BSS (initialized to 0), initialized non-const
 *    data (initialized to their intended value), and stack in system
 *    RAM (for SPL moving the stack and GD into RAM is optional - see
 *    CONFIG_SPL_STACK_R). GD has retained values set by board_init_f().
 *
 * TODO: For SPL, implement stack relocation on AArch64.
 *
 * 6. For U-Boot proper (not SPL), some CPUs have some work left to do
 *    at this point regarding memory, so call c_runtime_cpu_setup.
 *
 * 7. Branch to board_init_r().
 *
 * For more information see 'Board Initialisation Flow in README.
 */

arch\arm\cpu\armv7\start.S
  bl	_main
    arch\arm\lib\crt0_64.S
      _main
        board_init_r  //common/board_r.c
          initcall_run_list(init_sequence_r)
            initr_trace
            run_main_loop
              main_loop
                autoboot_command(s);
                  run_command_list(s, -1, 0);
                    rcode = parse_string_outer(buff, FLAG_PARSE_SEMICOLON);
                      parse_stream_outer(&input, flag)
                        code = run_list(ctx.list_head);
                          rcode = run_list_real(pi);
                            rcode = run_pipe_real(pi);
                              return cmd_process(flag, child->argc, child->argv,&flag_repeat, NULL);
                                rc = cmd_call(cmdtp, flag, argc, argv);  //调用使用U_BOOT_CMD宏定义的一些函数
       							/*                         
                                 U_BOOT_CMD(
									bootm,	CONFIG_SYS_MAXARGS,	1,	do_bootm,
									"boot application image from memory", bootm_help_text									
								);*/
								   do_bootm()
								     do_bootm_states()
								       bootm_find_os()
								       bootm_load_os()
								       boot_fn = bootm_os_get_boot_func(images->os.os); //do_bootm_linux
								       boot_selected_os()  
								         do_bootm_linux()
								           boot_jump_linux()
								             kernel_entry(0, machid, r2) //最终进入内核，正常不返回。
       

内核启动流程
最终目的，挂载根文件系统->执行应用程序
1.head.S -> start_kernel
2.一系列初始化
3.解析u-boot传过来的启动参数
3.打开/dev/console ； dup dup 对应于fd=0,1,2 即stdin stdout stderr等
3.mount_root
4.运行/sbin/init

linux-4.14

head.S
  start_kernel
    setup_arch(&command_line);
    mangle_bootargs(command_line);
	setup_command_line(command_line);    //处理u-boot传进来的参数
	rest_init();
	  kernel_init
	    kernel_init_freeable
	      prepare_namespace
	        ROOT_DEV = name_to_dev_t(root_device_name);  
	        mount_root();
	    if (!try_to_run_init_process("/sbin/init") ||
	    !try_to_run_init_process("/etc/init") ||
	    !try_to_run_init_process("/bin/init") ||
	    !try_to_run_init_process("/bin/sh"))

内核根据u-boot 传入的参数来挂载rootfs ,然后启动第一个进程/sbin/init。
后续将分析/sbin/init 进程做了些什么。