变形动画(Morphing Animation)

Morphing Animation

变形动画

Introduction

介绍

Morphing animation (also known as vertex animation) is a way to simulate deformations of soft materials. It transforms one shape smoothly into another. This is done by creating a mesh that contains multiple positions for each vertex. Each additional set of positions defines a shape, called a morph target. When animating, a weight is assigned to each target. The effective position of each vertex is calculated by linear interpolation between the positions for that target, according to the weights.

​变形动画（也称为顶点动画）是模拟软材质变形的一种方法。它可以将一个形状平滑地转换为另一个形状。这是通过创建包含每个顶点的多个位置的网格来完成的。每个附加位置集定义一个形状，称为变形目标。设置动画时，会为每个目标指定一个权重。每个顶点的有效位置是根据权重，通过该目标位置之间的线性插值来计算的。

Morphing differs from skeletal animation where we create an imagined skeleton, and rig the model by defining the relationship between each vertex of the model and the nodes of that skeleton.

​变形不同于骨骼动画，在骨骼动画中，我们创建一个想象中的骨骼，并通过定义模型的每个顶点和该骨骼的节点之间的关系来装配模型。

Note that the fundamental structure of each morph target must be the same: If three vertices form a triangle in the base model, they will form a triangle in all the morph targets. The triangle can have a completely different position, orientation, and size; or it can even be effectively removed by making it a degenerate triangle with size zero.

请注意，每个变形目标的基本结构必须相同：如果三个顶点在基础模型中形成三角形，它们将在所有变形目标中形成三角形。三角形可以有完全不同的位置、方向和大小；或者甚至可以通过使其成为大小为零的退化三角形来有效地去除。

In most cases, the mesh will be created by an external tool, and imported using the Balsam asset import tool. For example, in the Blender 3D editor, morph targets are called "shape keys", and in Autodesk Maya they are called "blend shapes".

​在大多数情况下，网格将由外部工具创建，并使用Balsam资源导入工具导入。例如，在Blender 3D编辑器中，变形目标称为“形状关键帧”，在Autodesk Maya中，它们称为“混合形状”。

The morphing example shows how to control the weights of a model imported from Blender.

​变形示例显示了如何控制从Blender导入的模型的权重。

The custom morphing animation example shows how to create a morph target in C++ by subclassing QQuick3DGeometry.

​自定义变形动画示例演示了如何通过子类化QQuick3DGometry在C++中创建变形目标。

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