FPGA实现饱和度调整

实现目标

本文使用RGB（Red,Green,Blue）颜色空间与HSV（Hue,Saturation,Value）颜色空间的相互转换。输入、输出数据皆为RGB格式，所以需要先将RGB转换成HSV，调整S值后再将HSV转换回RGB。
功能分为三个模块：

RGB2HSV

本文使用12bitRGB，RGB转HSV的公式如下：
设定$ClipNum=2^{12}-1=4095$
$\begin{array}{rlrlrlrlrlrlrlrlrlrlrlrlrlrlrlrlrlrlrlrlrl}& Red& & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & ,\in [0-4095]\\ & Green& & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & ,\in [0-4095]\\ & Blue& & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & ,\in [0-4095]\\ & C_{max}=max(Red,Green,Blue)& & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & ,\in [0-4095]\\ & C_{min}=min(Red,Green,Blue)& & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & ,\in [0-4095]\\ & \Delta =C_{max}-C_{min}& & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & ,\in [0-4095]\\ & Value=C_{max}& & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & ,\in [0-4095]\end{array}$

$Saturation=\begin{array}{rlrlr}& \{\begin{array}{rlrl}& 0& & C_{max}=0\\ & \frac{\Delta \ast 4096}{C_{max}}& & C_{max}\ne 0\end{array}& & & ,\in [0-4096]\end{array}(4096会强制拉成4095以保证12bit不溢出)$

$Hue=\{\begin{array}{rlrlrl}& 0& & \Delta =0& & \\ & (\frac{(Green-Blue)\ast 4096}{\Delta })\times \frac{682}{4096}& & C_{max}=Red,Green\ge Blue& & ,\in [0-\frac{4096}{6}]\\ & (\frac{(Green-Blue)\ast 4096}{\Delta }+6\times 4096)\times \frac{682}{4096}& & C_{max}=Red,Green<Blue& & ,\in [\frac{5}{6}\times 4096-4095]\\ & (\frac{(Blue-Red)\ast 4096}{\Delta }+2\times 4096)\times \frac{682}{4096}& & C_{max}=Green& & ,\in [\frac{4096}{6}-\frac{3}{6}\times 4096]\\ & (\frac{(Red-Green)\ast 4096}{\Delta }+4\times 4096)\times \frac{682}{4096}& & C_{max}=Blue& & ,\in [\frac{3}{6}\times 4096-\frac{5}{6}\times 4096]\end{array}$

WEIGHT

Saturation取值范围为$[0-4095]$，使用一个4096深度的RAM做查找表（LUT, Look Up Table），预先存储需要调整后的Saturation值，用原Saturation做读地址，读出的数据作为新的Saturation

HSV2RGB

本文使用12bitHSV，HSV转RGB的公式如下：
$\begin{array}{rlrlrlrl}& Hue& ,\in [0-4095]& & & H^{\prime }=\frac{Hue}{4096}\times 360& & ,\in [0-360)\\ & Saturation& ,\in [0-4095]& & & S^{\prime }=\frac{Saturation}{4096}& & ,\in [0-1)\\ & Value& ,\in [0-4095]& & & & & \\ & h_i=\frac{H^{\prime }}{60}=\frac{Hue}{4096}\times \frac{360}{60}=\frac{Hue\times 6}{4096}& ,\in [0-5]& & & & & \\ & f=Hue\times 6-h_i\times 4096& ,\in [0-4095]& & & f^{\prime }=\frac{f}{4096}& & ,\in [0-1)\\ & Temp=4095-Saturation,& ,\in [0-4095]& & & Tem{p}^{\prime }=\frac{Temp}{4096}& & ,\in [0-1)\end{array}$
$\begin{array}{rlr}& & \\ & p=Value\times (1-S^{\prime })=Value\times Tem{p}^{\prime }=Value\times \frac{Temp}{4096}& ,\in [0-4095]\\ & Adjust=f^{\prime }\times (Value-Value\times (1-S^{\prime }))=\frac{f}{4096}\times (Value-p)& ,\in [0-4095]\\ & q=Value\times (1-f^{\prime }\times S^{\prime })=Value-f^{\prime }\times (Value-Value\times (1-S^{\prime }))=Value-Adjust,& ,\in [0-4095]\\ & t=Value\times (1-(1-f^{\prime })\times S^{\prime })=Value-Value\times S^{\prime }+Value\times S^{\prime }\times f^{\prime }& \\ & =Value\times (1-S^{\prime })+f^{\prime }\times (Value-Value\times (1-S^{\prime }))=p+Adjust,& ,\in [0-4095]\end{array}$

$(Red,Green,Blue)=\begin{array}{rlrlrlrlrlrlrlrlrlrlrlrlrlrlrlrl}& \{\begin{array}{rlrl}& (Value,t,p)& & ,h_i=0\\ & (q,Value,p)& & ,h_i=1\\ & (p,Value,t)& & ,h_i=2\\ & (p,q,Value)& & ,h_i=3\\ & (t,p,Value)& & ,h_i=4\\ & (Value,p,q)& & ,h_i=5\end{array}& & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & ,\in [0-4095]\end{array}$

参考文献
[1]:FPGA实现RGB与HSV的转换
[2]:三分钟带你快速学习RGB、HSV和HSL颜色空间