MySQL之触发器与存储过程实战

梦中北山

于 2024-07-25 17:27:15 发布

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分类专栏： MySQL数据库文章标签： mysql adb android

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/aihua002/article/details/140695441

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1.触发器

（1）建立两个表：goods（商品表），orders（订单表）

mysql> use mydb16_trigger;
Database changed
mysql> create table goods(
    -> gid char(8) primary key,
    -> name varchar(10),
    -> price decimal(8,2),
    -> num int);
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)

mysql> desc goods;
+-------+--------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| Field | Type         | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
+-------+--------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| gid   | char(8)      | NO   | PRI | NULL    |       |
| name  | varchar(10)  | YES  |     | NULL    |       |
| price | decimal(8,2) | YES  |     | NULL    |       |
| num   | int          | YES  |     | NULL    |       |
+-------+--------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> create table orders(
    -> oid int primary key auto_increment,
    -> gid char(10) not null,
    -> name varchar(10),
    -> price decimal(8,2),
    -> onum int ,
    -> otime date );
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)

mysql> desc orders;
+-------+--------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
| Field | Type         | Null | Key | Default | Extra          |
+-------+--------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
| oid   | int          | NO   | PRI | NULL    | auto_increment |
| gid   | char(10)     | NO   |     | NULL    |                |
| name  | varchar(10)  | YES  |     | NULL    |                |
| price | decimal(8,2) | YES  |     | NULL    |                |
| onum  | int          | YES  |     | NULL    |                |
| otime | date         | YES  |     | NULL    |                |
+-------+--------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
6 rows in set (0.00 sec)

（2）在商品表中导入商品记录

mysql> insert into goods values
    -> ('A0001','橡皮',2.5,100),
    -> ('B0002','小楷本',2.8,210),
    -> ('C0001','铅笔',1.2,120),
    -> ('D0001','计算器',28,20);
Query OK, 4 rows affected (0.01 sec)
Records: 4  Duplicates: 0  Warnings: 0

mysql> select * from goods;
+-------+-----------+-------+------+
| gid   | name      | price | num  |
+-------+-----------+-------+------+
| A0001 | 橡皮      |  2.50 |  100 |
| B0002 | 小楷本    |  2.80 |  210 |
| C0001 | 铅笔      |  1.20 |  120 |
| D0001 | 计算器    | 28.00 |   20 |
+-------+-----------+-------+------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

（3）建立触发器，订单表中增加订单数量后，商品表商品数量同步减少对应的商品订单出数量，并测试

mysql> create trigger orders_after_insert_goods_trigger
    -> after insert on orders for each row
    -> update goods set num=num-new.onum
    -> where gid=new.gid;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
mysql> insert into orders(gid,name,price,onum,otime) value('A0001','橡皮',2.5,10,now());
Query OK, 1 row affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)

mysql> select * from orders;
+-----+-------+--------+-------+------+------------+
| oid | gid   | name   | price | onum | otime      |
+-----+-------+--------+-------+------+------------+
|   1 | A0001 | 橡皮   |  2.50 |   10 | 2024-07-25 |
+-----+-------+--------+-------+------+------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> select * from goods;
+-------+-----------+-------+------+
| gid   | name      | price | num  |
+-------+-----------+-------+------+
| A0001 | 橡皮      |  2.50 |   90 |
| B0002 | 小楷本    |  2.80 |  210 |
| C0001 | 铅笔      |  1.20 |  120 |
| D0001 | 计算器    | 28.00 |   20 |
+-------+-----------+-------+------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

（4）建立触发器，实现功能：客户取消订单，恢复商品表对应商品的数量

mysql> create trigger  orders_after_delete_goods_trigger
    -> after delete  on orders for each row
    -> update goods set num=num+old.onum
    -> where gid=old.gid;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> delete from orders where gid='A0001';
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> select * from orders;
Empty set (0.00 sec)

mysql> select * from goods;
+-------+-----------+-------+------+
| gid   | name      | price | num  |
+-------+-----------+-------+------+
| A0001 | 橡皮      |  2.50 |  100 |
| B0002 | 小楷本    |  2.80 |  210 |
| C0001 | 铅笔      |  1.20 |  120 |
| D0001 | 计算器    | 28.00 |   20 |
+-------+-----------+-------+------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

(5) 建立触发器，实现功能：客户修改订单，商品表对应商品数量同步更新

mysql> insert into orders(gid,name,price,onum,otime) value('A0001','橡皮',2.5,10,now());
Query OK, 1 row affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)

mysql> select * from orders;
+-----+-------+--------+-------+------+------------+
| oid | gid   | name   | price | onum | otime      |
+-----+-------+--------+-------+------+------------+
|   2 | A0001 | 橡皮   |  2.50 |   10 | 2024-07-25 |
+-----+-------+--------+-------+------+------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> select * from goods;
+-------+-----------+-------+------+
| gid   | name      | price | num  |
+-------+-----------+-------+------+
| A0001 | 橡皮      |  2.50 |   90 |
| B0002 | 小楷本    |  2.80 |  210 |
| C0001 | 铅笔      |  1.20 |  120 |
| D0001 | 计算器    | 28.00 |   20 |
+-------+-----------+-------+------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> create trigger  orders_after_update_goods_trigger
    -> after update  on orders for each row
    -> update goods set num=num+(old.onum-new.onum)
    -> where gid=new.gid;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

mysql> update orders set onum=20 where gid='A0001';
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
Rows matched: 1  Changed: 1  Warnings: 0

mysql> select * from orders;
+-----+-------+--------+-------+------+------------+
| oid | gid   | name   | price | onum | otime      |
+-----+-------+--------+-------+------+------------+
|   2 | A0001 | 橡皮   |  2.50 |   20 | 2024-07-25 |
+-----+-------+--------+-------+------+------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> select * from goods;
+-------+-----------+-------+------+
| gid   | name      | price | num  |
+-------+-----------+-------+------+
| A0001 | 橡皮      |  2.50 |   80 |
| B0002 | 小楷本    |  2.80 |  210 |
| C0001 | 铅笔      |  1.20 |  120 |
| D0001 | 计算器    | 28.00 |   20 |
+-------+-----------+-------+------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

2.存储过程

(1)使用mydb7_openlab库

mysql> use mydb7_openlab;
Database changed

(2)创建提取emp_new表所有员工姓名和工资的存储过程s1

mysql> desc emp_new;
+----------------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| Field          | Type        | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
+----------------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| sid            | int         | YES  |     | NULL    |       |
| name           | varchar(11) | YES  |     | NULL    |       |
| age            | int         | YES  |     | NULL    |       |
| worktime_start | date        | YES  |     | NULL    |       |
| incoming       | int         | YES  |     | NULL    |       |
| dept2          | int         | YES  |     | NULL    |       |
+----------------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
6 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> delimiter $$
mysql> create procedure s1()
    -> begin
    ->          select name,incoming from emp_new ;
    -> end $$
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> delimiter ;
mysql> call s1()
    -> ;
+--------+----------+
| name   | incoming |
+--------+----------+
| 张三   |     4000 |
| 李四   |     3500 |
| 王五   |     2000 |
| 赵六   |     7500 |
| 荣七   |     8500 |
| 牛八   |     7300 |
+--------+----------+
6 rows in set (0.00 sec)

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.03 sec)

(3)创建存储过程s2，实现输入员工姓名后返回员工的年龄

mysql> delimiter $$
mysql> create procedure s2(in in_name varchar(11), out out_age int)
    -> begin
    ->          select age into out_age from emp_new where name=in_name;
    -> end $$
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

mysql> delimiter ;
mysql> call s2('张三',@age);
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> select @age;
+------+
| @age |
+------+
|   35 |
+------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> select * from emp_new;
+------+--------+------+----------------+----------+-------+
| sid  | name   | age  | worktime_start | incoming | dept2 |
+------+--------+------+----------------+----------+-------+
| 1789 | 张三   |   35 | 1980-01-01     |     4000 |   101 |
| 1674 | 李四   |   32 | 1983-04-01     |     3500 |   101 |
| 1776 | 王五   |   24 | 1990-07-01     |     2000 |   101 |
| 1568 | 赵六   |   57 | 1970-10-11     |     7500 |   102 |
| 1564 | 荣七   |   64 | 1963-10-11     |     8500 |   102 |
| 1879 | 牛八   |   55 | 1971-10-20     |     7300 |   103 |
+------+--------+------+----------------+----------+-------+
6 rows in set (0.00 sec)

(4)创建一个存储过程s3，有2个参数，传入部门号，返回该部门的平均工资

mysql> delimiter $$
mysql> create procedure s3(in in_dept2 int, out out_avg_incoming int)
    -> begin
    ->          select avg(incoming) into out_avg_incoming from emp_new where dept2=in_dept2;
    -> end $$
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

mysql> delimiter ;
mysql> call s3(101,@out_avg_incoming);
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> select @out_avg_incoming;
+-------------------+
| @out_avg_incoming |
+-------------------+
|              3167 |
+-------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)